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THE STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS DESIGN program - ITS IMPACT ON THE FLEET

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 87-99页

作者： WIERNICKI, CJ GOODING, TG NAPPI, NS Mr. Christopher J. Wiernicki:graduated from Vanderbilt University in 1980 with a B.E. degree in Structural Engineering. Upon graduation he began his professional career at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center. As a structural engineer in the Surface Ship Structures Division Mr. Wiernicki was responsible for developing improved methods and procedures for designing and evaluating structural systems for surf ace combatants. Specific projects included design for producibility development and evaluation of automated ship structural design methods and participation in the structural design of the CG 49 Cruiser and the current DDG 51 Destroyer. In 1982 Mr. Wiernicki received his M.S. degree in Ocean Engineering from George Washington University. Mr. Wiernicki is a recipient of the SNAME 1982-82 Graduate Scholarship and is currently doing post graduate work in Naval Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology he is a member of ASNE SNAME ASCE and Chi Epsilon. Mr. Thomas G. Gooding:graduated in 1975 from the University of Michigan with B.S. degrees in Oceanography and Naval Architecture. After graduation he began his professional career at the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NA VSEC) as a structural engineer. From 1975 till 1978 Mr. Gooding worked in the area of ship dry docking and was the structural task leader on the complex overhaul ofUSS Long Beach (CGN-9). Mr. Gooding returned to the University of Michigan to receive a M.S. in Naval Architecture in 1979. Currently Mr. Gooding is the structural task leader on the DDGX/DDG 51 program at the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). Mr. Gooding is a member of SNAME and the Naval Institute. Mr. Natale S. Nappi:graduated from City College of New York in 1954 with a Bachelor of Civil Engineering and received his M.S. in Civil Engineering from Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1959. He began his professional career in 1964 at the New York Naval Shipyard as a Naval Architect (Structure) performing detail structural design and fabrication s

The structural design of a ship's section is a complicated, repetitive and time consuming task. With the advent of new technology, high speed computers have enabled the ship designer to accomplish in a matter of seconds what would formerly take days to accomplish by hand. The Structural Synthesis Design program (SSDP) is a N avy developed computer-aided design tool which is used to design (or to analyze) the longitudinal scantlings for a variety of ship cross sections, consisting of any practical combinations of decks, platforms, bulkheads and materials, i.e., various steel and aluminum alloys. The final hull section design will have the lowest practical weight for the chosen geometric configuration, structural arrangements, and imposed loadings. The scantling developed by the program will satisfy all U.S. N avy ship structural design criteria. An explanation of the objective and design elements of N avy ship structures is included. The rationale behind the SSDP design philosophy is developed along with the significant program capabilities. In an attempt to highlight the influence of automated design procedures on the current naval ship design process, the effect of the SSDP on the DDG 51 destroyer structural development is addressed.

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SHIPBOARD MAIN BOILER AND FEED PUMP CONTROL-SYSTEM ONLINE ALIGNMENT VERIFICATION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1982年第6期94卷 39-46页

作者： BANHAM, JW ADAM, DJ James W. Banham:holds positions both as Director of the Machinery Automation Systems Department of the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station and as Assistant Chairman of the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department of Drexel University's Evening College where he holds the rank of Adjunct Associate Professor. He is the author of a text on Numerical Methods Applications in Engineering. In addition to numerous technical papers he is also the author of the ISA film on Boiler Feedwater Control Systems. A registered professional engineer in the state of Pennsylvania Mr. Banham is co-author of a forthcoming handbook on preparing for the Professional Engineering Examination in mechanical engineering. Mr. Banham holds a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University his graduate studies were taken at the University of Pennsylvania. He is currently a member of the American Society for Engineering Education and the Instrument Society of America. He served as a member of the ISA Education Committee from 1964 through 1973 and as a member of the ISA Power Plant Dynamics Committee since 1969. His service on the latter committee includes terms as Executive Secretary Vice-Chairman and Chairman. Among other honors Mr. Banham was the winner of the Naval Ship Engineering Center's first Technical Achievement Award (1963) Technical Publication Award (1974) and Equal Employment Opportunity Award (1978). He was also the recipient of Drexel University's Laura S. Campbell Award for Excellence in Teaching (1978). He has taught undergraduate courses in classical control theory numerical methods computer programming systems design and analysis and instrumentation. He also teaches systems theory and computer science in an EIT Review and heat transfer in a PE Review conducted by the Drexel University Department of Continuing Professional Education. Mr. David J. Adam:is a Project Engineer in the Naval Sea Systems Command (PMS301) Steam Propulsion Plant Improvement Program where he i

One of the most serious problems encountered in Naval steam plants following World War II was the unreliable performance of boiler and main feedpump pneumatic control systems. In addition to control component and system design deficiencies, these control systems suffered from inadequate methods to measure and adjust system alignment. This paper describes the development of a set of procedures for on-line alignment verification (OLV) of pneumatic main boiler and feedpump control systems. The procedures are designed for use by N avy control system technicians and, in addition to on-line alignment verification, provide guidance for troubleshooting and for performing system alignment. Procedure static checks measure steady state steaming performance and OLV procedure dynamic checks measure the ability of the boiler and control systems to respond to load changes. The paper describes typical control system characteristics that influence OLV procedure content and the supporting analysis that was used to establish alignment criteria ranges that satisfy both steady state and transient performance requirements. Also described is the alignment criteria tolerance analysis along with the steps involved in a typical OLV check procedure development. Descriptions of the various OLV checks, troubleshooting procedures and alignment procedures are provided. Typical shipboard implementation requirements are described and experience to date with the procedures is provided along with a status report on OLV procedure implementations.

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SUPERIORITY AT SEA - AN AFFORDABLE SYSTEM FOR THE 1990S

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1982年第2期94卷 29-38页

作者： FLUK, H The authorgraduated from New York University in 1952 as an Aeronautical Engineer and entered the United States Air Force (USAF). He attended the USAF Institute of Technology for graduate Aerodynamics and following that served three years as a Project Officer in the field of Special Weapons. Returning to civilian life in 1957 he joined Curtiss-Wright Corporation's Engine Division and shortly thereafter transferred to the company's Model 200 V/STOL Aircraft Program later to become the Tri-Service X-19. His responsibilities variously included Flight Loads and Controls Aerodynamic Research and publication of the X-19 Aircraft Technology. In 1966 he joined Boeing's VERTOL Division initially working in helicopter stability and then in downwash and autorotation characteristics. This was followed by research and development and long-range planning and then assignment to introduce new computer services to the Engineering Department. In 1975 he joined the Naval Air Engineering Center Lakehurst N.J. to provide technology in horizontal and vertical engine jet flows and at the present time is Manager for Systems Studies in the Advanced Systems Office where he works with the Aircraft and Ship Communities to enhance military effectiveness at sea.

A weapons system has been configured specifically to counter (or preempt) the long-range standoff missile threat. Rationale for this system starts with a discussion of cost and weight, and shows why modern multi-mission systems have become intolerably expensive. Questions are raised regarding the advantages and disadvantages of building future naval aviation forces solely around the Aircraft Carrier Battle Group. The application of a few small modern ships, forming a future Battle Force, holds promise for large economies. Likewise, some accepted views regarding CTOL (Conventional Take Off & Laundry) and V/STOL (Vertical Short Take Off & Launding) aircraft are revisted in terms of their relative costs. A weapons system is proposed which, at one-fourth the weight of an Aircraft Carrier Battle Group, may be produced and operated for one-third the cost.

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MACHINERY ARRANGEMENT DESIGN - A PERSPECTIVE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1981年第3期93卷 133-141页

作者： RESNER, ME KLOMPARENS, SH LYNCH, JP Mr. Michael E. Resner:received an Engineering Degree from Texas A&M University in 1966 and has done graduate work in management at American University. He is Director Machinery Arrangements/Control Systems and Industrial Facilities Division (SEA 525) at the Naval Sea Systems Command. His previous positions have included Program Manager Solar Total Energy Program at the Department of Energy and Branch Chief Machinery Control Systems Branch at the Naval Ship Engineering Center. Mr. Stephen H. Klomparens:is a Naval Architect at Designers & Planners Inc. and is engaged in development of computer aids for ship design. He received his B.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1973 and his M.S. degree in Computer Science from the Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Kolmparens began his professional career at Hydronautics Inc. in 1974 where he was involved in the use of marine laboratory facilities for test and development of conventional and advanced marine craft. Since 1977 he has been involved with naval and commercial ship design and with development of computer-aided ship design tools. Mr. John P. Lynch:is a Principal Marine Engineer with Hydronautics Inc. He was previously employed in the auxiliary machinery and computer-aided design divisions of the David W. Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center the machinery design division of the New York Naval Shipyard and the machinery arrangement code of the Bureau of Ships. His active naval service was as a ship superintendent in the production department of the Long Beach Naval Shipyard. Mr. Lynch received his B. S. degree in Marine Engineering from the New York State Maritime College and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Columbia University. He is a licensed Professional Engineer in the State of New York and a member of ASNE.

The machinery arrangement design process has remained relatively unchanged over the years. Recently, external demands have been placed on both the product and the producers that call for changes to this process. This paper cites these external demands and traces the evolution of the process changes from the rule-of-thumb machinery box sizing routines up to the current automated procedures. The machinery arrangement design practice is presented, and existing analytic and graphics aids are discussed. The user requirements for improved design aids are presented, with implementation guidelines and hardware/software alternatives.

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THE LOGICAL RECORD ACCESS APPROACH TO DATABASE DESIGN

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COMPUTING SURVEYS 1980年第2期12卷 179-211页

作者： TEOREY, TJ FRY, JP Electrical and Computer Engineering CICE Program The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan Database Systems Research Group Graduate School of Business Administration The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan

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INNOVATIONS IN computer-AIDED-DESIGN OF MARINE TURBINES USING INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the Interactive Graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine Department (engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using Interactive Graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam Department are outlined.

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JTIDS AIRBORNE ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNA

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第3期92卷 119-128页

作者： COLEMAN, EW HEFFNER, WH Mr. Ernest W. Coleman is a Project Engineer in the Microwave Technology Branch Radar Division Sensors & Avionics Technology Directorate. of the Naval Air Development Center (NADC). Warminster. Pa. He began his professional career at NADC in 1971 after receiving his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Tennessee Technological University. He has held several engineering positions in the areas of Design. Development. Simulation and Test & Evaluation of both antenna systems and avionics systems. He did his graduate study in Electromagnetics at Ohio State University and has authored several technical papers and numerous reports. Currently. he is Project Engineer for the development of an Adaptive Array Antenna to be used with future communication systems such as JTIDS. Mr. W. Herbert Heffner Jr. is Head of the Microwave Technology Branch at NADC Wurminster. Pa. He received his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Drexel University in 1962. and since then has held several design and development engineering positions at NADC and in the Naval Material Command. He attended Ohio State University during 1964 and 1965 receiving his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering upon completion of his studies. For the past fourteen years he has been involved in the analysis. design development. and evaluation of aircraft antenna systems. radonies. and radar cross-section reduction techniques. In 1976. he was temporarily assigned as Program Element Administrator Surface and Aerospace Target Surveillance. under the Deputy Chief of Naval Material for Development. Naval Material Command. In his four years since returning to NADC. his responsibilities have included developing antennas for future Electronic Warfare and Communication Electronic Counter-Countermeasure applications as well as digital computer antenna analysis techniques and radar camouflage of tactical aircraft.

The Navy is developing an airborne adaptive array antenna for the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS). JTIDS is a Tri-Service multi-channel, multi-function system to provide an advanced communication, navigation, and identification (CNI) capability for a wide variety of uses. JTIDS terminals perform multiple digital voice/data functions and relative navigation as well as the standard TACAN and IFF transponder functions. The system uses a low-duty cycle, spread-spectrum waveform and advanced coding techniques to provide secure, jam-resistant, and low probability of exploitation CNI functions. Among the important factors which determine the ultimate utility of a JTIDS terminal is the performance of the antenna system. Inadequate antenna performance could seriously degrade and possibly even negate the primary platform mission. Recent advances in antenna and data processing techndogiea promise to provide JTIDS with adequate gain and pattern coverage as well as substantial AJ (Anti-Jam) margin to complement JTIDS signal processing. The desired improvement in AJ protection can be achieved by capitalizing on the spatial filtering properties of adaptive array antennas. This paper presents the “trade-offs” which must be addressed in the design of an adaptive array antenna for airborne JTIDS terminals and the design philosophy currently in development by the Navy.

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computer AIDS FOR SHIP DESIGN, INTEGRATION AND CONTROL

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 73-87页

作者： CARLSON, CM JOHNSON, RA HELMING, FW Mr. Craig M. Carlson received his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1970 and began his career with the Department of the Navy at the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC). In 1972. he returned to the University of Michigan under the NAVSEC Long Term Training Program and received his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. After returning to the Ship Arrangements Branch at NAVSEC. he was assigned as Task Leader for General Arrangements for the PGG PCG PHM. and MCM ship designs and was awarded Outstanding Performance Awards in 1974 and 1975. In addition he was Manager of the Arrangement Subsystem of the Navy's Computer-Aided Ship Design and Construction Program (CASDAC). In October 1979. he became Manager of the CASDAC Hull Design System. Currently. he also is enrolled in the M.S. of Computer Science Program at Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Carlson previously has presented technical papers at ASNE Day 1974 and 1978 as well as at the 1979 DOD Manufacturing Technology Advisory Group Conference. Besides ASNE. which he joined in 1972. he is a member of SNAME. ASE. and the U.S. Naval Institute. Mr. Robert A. Johnson is a Naval Architect in Surface Combatants Design (SEA 03D3). Ship Design Integration Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command. He received an Associate in Engineering degree in Drafting and Design Technology in 1959. his B.S. degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1965. and his M.S. degree in Engineering Mechanics in 1970. all from the Pennsylvania State University. In 1973. he was selected for the NA VSEC Hull Division s Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan subsequently receiving his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture in 1974. Mr. Johnson began his career with the Ordnance Research Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University in 1959 where he worked. on the design of hydroelastic submarine models and conducted research in the area of flow induced structural vibrations. In 1967 he joined HRB-Singer at State Colle

This paper presents an integrated approach to computer-Aided Ship Design for U.S. Navy preliminary and contract design. An integrated Hull Design System (HDS), currently under development by the Hull Group of the Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA 32). is the vehicle for the discussion. This paper is directed toward practicing ship design professionals and the managers of the ship design process. Primary emphasis of this paper, and of the development effort currently under way, is on aiding ship design professionals in their work. Focus is on integration and management control of the extremely complex set of processes which make up naval ship design. The terminology of the Ship Designer and Design Manager is used. The reader needs no familiarity with the technologies of computer science.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT CARRIER DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 71-85页

作者： REIN, RJ RYAN, JC USN (RET.) Cdr. Robert J. Rein USN (Ret.)currently is the Director of Naval Support Systems for the Columbia Research Corporation Washington D. C. At the time this paper was presented he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving as the Ship Design Manager for the CVV Naval Sea Systems Command. Prior to that his duty assignments included Deputy Program Manager for the Sea Control Ship Assistant Ship Material Officer. Staff of Commander Naval Air Force U.S. Pacific Fleet and Type Desk Officer for Cruisers/Destroyers and New Construction (CG 30) at the former Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard. He is a graduate of General Motors Institute an accredited private college sponsored by the General Motors Corporation: the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. Calif.: and the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir. Va. Additionally. he has had extensive postgraduate study in Systems Management at The George Washington University. Cdr. Rein is extremely active in his support of professional engineering societies and as a member of ASNE since 1964 has been responsible for the founding of ASNE Local Sections on the west coast and presently is serving as the Society's National Assistant Secretary-Treasurer. In addition he also was the creator and coordinator for the highly successful. Society sponsored Symposium “Aircraft Carriers — Present and Future.”which was held in October 1976 at the U.S. Grant Hotel. San Diego. Calif. and was the first such Symposium jointly sponsored by an Operating Fleet command and a professional society. Mr. J. Christopher Ryanreceived his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in 1967 and his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. His initial work experience was at Litton Ship Systems where he was associated primarily with the general arrangements development of the DD 963 Class design. Subsequently. he was employed at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center with work as

Since the signing of the Contract Design Plane for the CVN 68 (the U.S. Navy's latest Class of Aircraft Carriers) In 1963, considerable technological advances have been made in Naval Ship Design. This paper provides specific examples of how new technology has affected traditional Carrier design practices and techniques, and also indicates areas where future advanced technology will be needed. It is divided into four sections: 1) computer Design Application; 2) Total Ship Energy Conservation Analysis; 3) Advances in Structural Design; and 4) Impact of V/STOL Aircraft. The increased use of the computer to define ship characteristics in the initial stage of ship design is discussed, followed by a report on efforts to include energy conservation as an integral part of the design process. The energy conservation approach uses traditional analytical techniques to develop innovative design configurations that will achieve energy savings. Of the many advances in Carrier structural design, two specific examples are given: 1) Elimination of the infamous “knee-knockers” (high sills in passageway openings) common to Gallery Deck structure, and 2) Successful attempts at reducing the thickness of aircraft elevator platforms. The paper concludes by pointing out some possible challenges facing the ship designer and some of the technology already created by the expected introduction of advanced design Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft.

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CENTML CONTROL SYSTEM TRAINING THROUGH STA TIC AND DYNAMIC SIMULATION

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第2期92卷 196-206页

作者： HALL, EDWIN E. MOSS, DONALD G. NORRIS, CLIFFORD S. PETERSON, HAROLD D. Mr. Edwin E. Hall received his Bachelor's degree in Electronics from Oklahoma City University. He also is a certified College-Level Instructor in the state of Florida and has done graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Florida. As the Technical Publications and Training Manager Simulation and Control Systems Department. General Electric Company Daytona Beach Fla. he currently is responsible for the costing. planning performance scheduling and timely completion of the Department's Technical Manuals and Technical Training Programs. These Training and Manual contracts cover Ship Systems Programs. Simulation Programs. and Communications Programs for the Armed Services and commercial customers. Mr. Hall has over twenty-years experience as a Technical Writer and Instructor and for the past seventeen years has been at the General Electric Company's Daytona Beach Facility. His experience ranges from teaching Basic Electronics and Radar Circuitry as a civilian instructor for the U.S. Army to writing Manuals Proposals Reports Specifications and Brochures for General Electric's product lines. Mr. Donald G. MOSS is a graduate of Kansas State University from which he received both his B.S. degree in Business Administration and his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering. He is presently a Senior Systems Engineer for Control Systems in the Simulation and Control Systems Department at the General Electric Company's Daytona Beach Facility. He has been employed by General Electric for 23 years — the first seven as an Engineer and Program Manager on the Fire Control Systems for the Fleet Ballistics Missile Program the next six managing the design of control and checkout equipment on the APOLLO Program and the last ten years working on control equipment for the machinery plants of new Navy ships. Over the span of years at General Electric he has worked on propulsion control for the DD-963 propulsion electric plant and auxiliary control for the FFG-7: propulsion boiler burner electric auxiliary and car

Dynamic Simulation is defined as the hardware and software required to present to the student operator visual and audible cues and responses that are the same as those encountered when operating the Control Consoles aborad ship. This type of simulation is considered essential to the development of operator skills for critical tasks. Less critical tasks can be practiced using static simulation devices. This paper discusses the utilization of these types of training devices to train Navy crews. An overview of the Machinery Control systems of the FFG 7 and AO 177 Class ships is discussed to provide an understanding of state‐of‐the‐art equipment development. The training programs for these two ship Classes are then reviewed to show how simulation devices are currently used by the Training Community, and this is followed by a brief discussion of the additional benefits that also are derived. © 1980 by the American Society of Naval Engineers, Inc.

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