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MACHINERY ARRANGEMENT DESIGN - A PERSPECTIVE

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1981年第3期93卷 133-141页

作者： RESNER, ME KLOMPARENS, SH LYNCH, JP Mr. Michael E. Resner:received an Engineering Degree from Texas A&M University in 1966 and has done graduate work in management at American University. He is Director Machinery Arrangements/Control Systems and Industrial Facilities Division (SEA 525) at the Naval Sea Systems Command. His previous positions have included Program Manager Solar Total Energy Program at the Department of Energy and Branch Chief Machinery Control Systems Branch at the Naval Ship Engineering Center. Mr. Stephen H. Klomparens:is a Naval Architect at Designers & Planners Inc. and is engaged in development of computer aids for ship design. He received his B.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1973 and his M.S. degree in Computer Science from the Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Kolmparens began his professional career at Hydronautics Inc. in 1974 where he was involved in the use of marine laboratory facilities for test and development of conventional and advanced marine craft. Since 1977 he has been involved with naval and commercial ship design and with development of computer-aided ship design tools. Mr. John P. Lynch:is a Principal Marine Engineer with Hydronautics Inc. He was previously employed in the auxiliary machinery and computer-aided design divisions of the David W. Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center the machinery design division of the New York Naval Shipyard and the machinery arrangement code of the Bureau of Ships. His active naval service was as a ship superintendent in the production department of the Long Beach Naval Shipyard. Mr. Lynch received his B. S. degree in Marine Engineering from the New York State Maritime College and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Columbia University. He is a licensed Professional Engineer in the State of New York and a member of ASNE.

The machinery arrangement design process has remained relatively unchanged over the years. Recently, external demands have been placed on both the product and the producers that call for changes to this process. This paper cites these external demands and traces the evolution of the process changes from the rule-of-thumb machinery box sizing routines up to the current automated procedures. The machinery arrangement design practice is presented, and existing analytic and graphics aids are discussed. The user requirements for improved design aids are presented, with implementation guidelines and hardware/software alternatives.

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THE LOGICAL RECORD ACCESS APPROACH TO DATABASE DESIGN

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COMPUTING SURVEYS 1980年第2期12卷 179-211页

作者： TEOREY, TJ FRY, JP Electrical and Computer Engineering CICE Program The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan Database Systems Research Group Graduate School of Business Administration The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan

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INNOVATIONS IN computer-AIDED-DESIGN OF MARINE TURBINES USING INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the Interactive Graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine Department (engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using Interactive Graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam Department are outlined.

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JTIDS AIRBORNE ADAPTIVE ARRAY ANTENNA

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第3期92卷 119-128页

作者： COLEMAN, EW HEFFNER, WH Mr. Ernest W. Coleman is a Project Engineer in the Microwave Technology Branch Radar Division Sensors & Avionics Technology Directorate. of the Naval Air Development Center (NADC). Warminster. Pa. He began his professional career at NADC in 1971 after receiving his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Tennessee Technological University. He has held several engineering positions in the areas of Design. Development. Simulation and Test & Evaluation of both antenna systems and avionics systems. He did his graduate study in Electromagnetics at Ohio State University and has authored several technical papers and numerous reports. Currently. he is Project Engineer for the development of an Adaptive Array Antenna to be used with future communication systems such as JTIDS. Mr. W. Herbert Heffner Jr. is Head of the Microwave Technology Branch at NADC Wurminster. Pa. He received his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Drexel University in 1962. and since then has held several design and development engineering positions at NADC and in the Naval Material Command. He attended Ohio State University during 1964 and 1965 receiving his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering upon completion of his studies. For the past fourteen years he has been involved in the analysis. design development. and evaluation of aircraft antenna systems. radonies. and radar cross-section reduction techniques. In 1976. he was temporarily assigned as Program Element Administrator Surface and Aerospace Target Surveillance. under the Deputy Chief of Naval Material for Development. Naval Material Command. In his four years since returning to NADC. his responsibilities have included developing antennas for future Electronic Warfare and Communication Electronic Counter-Countermeasure applications as well as digital computer antenna analysis techniques and radar camouflage of tactical aircraft.

The Navy is developing an airborne adaptive array antenna for the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS). JTIDS is a Tri-Service multi-channel, multi-function system to provide an advanced communication, navigation, and identification (CNI) capability for a wide variety of uses. JTIDS terminals perform multiple digital voice/data functions and relative navigation as well as the standard TACAN and IFF transponder functions. The system uses a low-duty cycle, spread-spectrum waveform and advanced coding techniques to provide secure, jam-resistant, and low probability of exploitation CNI functions. Among the important factors which determine the ultimate utility of a JTIDS terminal is the performance of the antenna system. Inadequate antenna performance could seriously degrade and possibly even negate the primary platform mission. Recent advances in antenna and data processing techndogiea promise to provide JTIDS with adequate gain and pattern coverage as well as substantial AJ (Anti-Jam) margin to complement JTIDS signal processing. The desired improvement in AJ protection can be achieved by capitalizing on the spatial filtering properties of adaptive array antennas. This paper presents the “trade-offs” which must be addressed in the design of an adaptive array antenna for airborne JTIDS terminals and the design philosophy currently in development by the Navy.

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computer AIDS FOR SHIP DESIGN, INTEGRATION AND CONTROL

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 73-87页

作者： CARLSON, CM JOHNSON, RA HELMING, FW Mr. Craig M. Carlson received his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1970 and began his career with the Department of the Navy at the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC). In 1972. he returned to the University of Michigan under the NAVSEC Long Term Training Program and received his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. After returning to the Ship Arrangements Branch at NAVSEC. he was assigned as Task Leader for General Arrangements for the PGG PCG PHM. and MCM ship designs and was awarded Outstanding Performance Awards in 1974 and 1975. In addition he was Manager of the Arrangement Subsystem of the Navy's Computer-Aided Ship Design and Construction Program (CASDAC). In October 1979. he became Manager of the CASDAC Hull Design System. Currently. he also is enrolled in the M.S. of Computer Science Program at Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Carlson previously has presented technical papers at ASNE Day 1974 and 1978 as well as at the 1979 DOD Manufacturing Technology Advisory Group Conference. Besides ASNE. which he joined in 1972. he is a member of SNAME. ASE. and the U.S. Naval Institute. Mr. Robert A. Johnson is a Naval Architect in Surface Combatants Design (SEA 03D3). Ship Design Integration Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command. He received an Associate in Engineering degree in Drafting and Design Technology in 1959. his B.S. degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1965. and his M.S. degree in Engineering Mechanics in 1970. all from the Pennsylvania State University. In 1973. he was selected for the NA VSEC Hull Division s Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan subsequently receiving his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture in 1974. Mr. Johnson began his career with the Ordnance Research Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University in 1959 where he worked. on the design of hydroelastic submarine models and conducted research in the area of flow induced structural vibrations. In 1967 he joined HRB-Singer at State Colle

This paper presents an integrated approach to computer-Aided Ship Design for U.S. Navy preliminary and contract design. An integrated Hull Design System (HDS), currently under development by the Hull Group of the Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA 32). is the vehicle for the discussion. This paper is directed toward practicing ship design professionals and the managers of the ship design process. Primary emphasis of this paper, and of the development effort currently under way, is on aiding ship design professionals in their work. Focus is on integration and management control of the extremely complex set of processes which make up naval ship design. The terminology of the Ship Designer and Design Manager is used. The reader needs no familiarity with the technologies of computer science.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT CARRIER DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 71-85页

作者： REIN, RJ RYAN, JC USN (RET.) Cdr. Robert J. Rein USN (Ret.)currently is the Director of Naval Support Systems for the Columbia Research Corporation Washington D. C. At the time this paper was presented he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving as the Ship Design Manager for the CVV Naval Sea Systems Command. Prior to that his duty assignments included Deputy Program Manager for the Sea Control Ship Assistant Ship Material Officer. Staff of Commander Naval Air Force U.S. Pacific Fleet and Type Desk Officer for Cruisers/Destroyers and New Construction (CG 30) at the former Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard. He is a graduate of General Motors Institute an accredited private college sponsored by the General Motors Corporation: the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. Calif.: and the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir. Va. Additionally. he has had extensive postgraduate study in Systems Management at The George Washington University. Cdr. Rein is extremely active in his support of professional engineering societies and as a member of ASNE since 1964 has been responsible for the founding of ASNE Local Sections on the west coast and presently is serving as the Society's National Assistant Secretary-Treasurer. In addition he also was the creator and coordinator for the highly successful. Society sponsored Symposium “Aircraft Carriers — Present and Future.”which was held in October 1976 at the U.S. Grant Hotel. San Diego. Calif. and was the first such Symposium jointly sponsored by an Operating Fleet command and a professional society. Mr. J. Christopher Ryanreceived his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in 1967 and his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. His initial work experience was at Litton Ship Systems where he was associated primarily with the general arrangements development of the DD 963 Class design. Subsequently. he was employed at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center with work as

Since the signing of the Contract Design Plane for the CVN 68 (the U.S. Navy's latest Class of Aircraft Carriers) In 1963, considerable technological advances have been made in Naval Ship Design. This paper provides specific examples of how new technology has affected traditional Carrier design practices and techniques, and also indicates areas where future advanced technology will be needed. It is divided into four sections: 1) computer Design Application; 2) Total Ship Energy Conservation Analysis; 3) Advances in Structural Design; and 4) Impact of V/STOL Aircraft. The increased use of the computer to define ship characteristics in the initial stage of ship design is discussed, followed by a report on efforts to include energy conservation as an integral part of the design process. The energy conservation approach uses traditional analytical techniques to develop innovative design configurations that will achieve energy savings. Of the many advances in Carrier structural design, two specific examples are given: 1) Elimination of the infamous “knee-knockers” (high sills in passageway openings) common to Gallery Deck structure, and 2) Successful attempts at reducing the thickness of aircraft elevator platforms. The paper concludes by pointing out some possible challenges facing the ship designer and some of the technology already created by the expected introduction of advanced design Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft.

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CENTML CONTROL SYSTEM TRAINING THROUGH STA TIC AND DYNAMIC SIMULATION

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第2期92卷 196-206页

作者： HALL, EDWIN E. MOSS, DONALD G. NORRIS, CLIFFORD S. PETERSON, HAROLD D. Mr. Edwin E. Hall received his Bachelor's degree in Electronics from Oklahoma City University. He also is a certified College-Level Instructor in the state of Florida and has done graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Florida. As the Technical Publications and Training Manager Simulation and Control Systems Department. General Electric Company Daytona Beach Fla. he currently is responsible for the costing. planning performance scheduling and timely completion of the Department's Technical Manuals and Technical Training Programs. These Training and Manual contracts cover Ship Systems Programs. Simulation Programs. and Communications Programs for the Armed Services and commercial customers. Mr. Hall has over twenty-years experience as a Technical Writer and Instructor and for the past seventeen years has been at the General Electric Company's Daytona Beach Facility. His experience ranges from teaching Basic Electronics and Radar Circuitry as a civilian instructor for the U.S. Army to writing Manuals Proposals Reports Specifications and Brochures for General Electric's product lines. Mr. Donald G. MOSS is a graduate of Kansas State University from which he received both his B.S. degree in Business Administration and his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering. He is presently a Senior Systems Engineer for Control Systems in the Simulation and Control Systems Department at the General Electric Company's Daytona Beach Facility. He has been employed by General Electric for 23 years — the first seven as an Engineer and Program Manager on the Fire Control Systems for the Fleet Ballistics Missile Program the next six managing the design of control and checkout equipment on the APOLLO Program and the last ten years working on control equipment for the machinery plants of new Navy ships. Over the span of years at General Electric he has worked on propulsion control for the DD-963 propulsion electric plant and auxiliary control for the FFG-7: propulsion boiler burner electric auxiliary and car

Dynamic Simulation is defined as the hardware and software required to present to the student operator visual and audible cues and responses that are the same as those encountered when operating the Control Consoles aborad ship. This type of simulation is considered essential to the development of operator skills for critical tasks. Less critical tasks can be practiced using static simulation devices. This paper discusses the utilization of these types of training devices to train Navy crews. An overview of the Machinery Control systems of the FFG 7 and AO 177 Class ships is discussed to provide an understanding of state‐of‐the‐art equipment development. The training programs for these two ship Classes are then reviewed to show how simulation devices are currently used by the Training Community, and this is followed by a brief discussion of the additional benefits that also are derived. © 1980 by the American Society of Naval Engineers, Inc.

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A SUBMARINE CONTROL-SYSTEM TEST VEHICLE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 148-155页

作者： SEJD, JJ WATKINSON, KW HILL, WF Mr. James J. Sejd received his B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from Case Western Reserve University and has since undergone considerable graduate study at both The George Washington and American Universities. He served almost four years in the U.S. Navy as a Naval Aviator and enjoys the unique distinction of being qualified in both Heavier- and Lighter-than-Air aircraft. Early in his career he was employed at the Navy's Bureau of Ships in the capacity of a Structural Designer and Structural Research Monitor. In 1966 he joined the Staff of the Center for Naval Analyses where he was involved in the mathematical modeling of ships and aircraft and in economic “trade-off‘ analysis. In 1970. he went to the Naval Ship Engineering Center as an Operations Research Analyst in the Ship Design and Development Division. At the present time he is employed as a Program Manager for the Naval Sea Systems Command Ship Design Research and Development Office. A member of ASNE since 1973 he also is a member of the Association of Scientists and Engineers at NAVSEA the Operations Research Society of America and the Lighter-Than-Air Society. Mr. Kenneth W. Watkinson received both is B.S. and M.S. degrees in Engineering Science from Florida State University in 1970 and 1971 respectively. Since graduation he has been employed at the Naval Coastal Systems Center (NCSC). Panama City. Fla. where he is primarily involved in the investigation of the stability and control of underwater vehicles. For the past four years he has been the Task Leader and Principal Investigator for the NCSC portion of the Advanced Submarine Control Program involved in developing control design methods and the instrumentation system for the Submarine Control System Test Vehicle. Mr. William F. Hill is currently the ASCOP Program Manager at Lockheed Missiles & Space Company (LMSC) Inc. where he has the overall responsibility for design and construction of the Control System Test Vehicle (CSTV). He entered the aircraft industry in England as an Apprentice w

As part of the Advanced Submarine Control program (ASCOP), the Naval Sea systems Command has developed an open water Submarine Control System Test Vehicle (CSTV). This vehicle is a 1/12 scale model of an SSN 688 Class Submarine, with provisions for easy geometric changes. Such changes include alternate Sail size and location, the addition of parallel middle-bodies, alternative tail sections, and alternative control configurations. A self-contained instrumentation and control system provides the capability for “on-board” recording of all relevant Submarine-state variables, over the entire speed and depth range, to a degree of data accuracy exceeding any known system. With the means thus available to correlate measured vehicle hydrodynamics with selected maneuvers, conditions, and changes in hull geometry and control surface configuration, modern mathematical techniques for improving submarine equations of motion can be employed to permit dramatic design enhancements in both safety and performance. This paper provides the rationale and history of the development of this vehicle, a description of the instrumentation and control package, and a description of the vehicle itself.

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THE PROSPECT OF AN UNDER WA TER NA VAL ROBOT

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第1期92卷 65-72页

作者： DIXON, JOHN K. JOHNSON, HERBERT A. SLAGLE, JAMES R. Dr. John K. Dixon was born on 1 December 1934 in Detroit. Mich. He received his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Lawrence Institute of Technology in 1957 his M.B.A. degree from Wayne State University in 1964 his M.S. degree in Physics from the University of California at Davis in 1967 and his Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from the University of California at Livermore in 1970. In 1957 he was employed by the Chrysler Missile Division Warren Mich. where he designed circuits for the Redstoneand Jupitermissiles. In 1959 he joined the Staff of the Bendix Research Laboratory Southfield Mich. where he designed equipment for missile guidance systems and aircraft blind landing systems. From 1965 until 1968 he was a Research Assistant in the Artificial Intelligence Group Lawrence Radiation Laboratory. Livermore Calif at which time he left to join the Heuristics Laboratory of the National Institutes of Health Bethesda Md. as a Computer Scientist. In 1974 he moved to the Computer Science Laboratory at the Naval Research Laboratory. Washington D.C. where he is currently employed on various Research Projects. Mr. Herbert A. Johnson graduated from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy and later continued his graduate studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Purdue University. receiving his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the latter. He is presently a Captain in the U.S. Coast Guard Reserve and Head of the Ocean Instrumentation Branch. Ocean Technology Division Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Prior to joining NRL in 1974 he was employed on various marine systems projects at Honeywell and on Polarisinstrumentation at Interstate Electronics a company he assisted in founding in 1956. He is a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Dr. James R. Slagle received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and was the recipient of an Outstanding Blind Student Award for 1959 which was presented to him by President Dwight D.

This paper explores the concept of an underwater robot manipulator mounted on an unmanned submersible for the purpose of doing some undersea tasks of interest to the U.S. Navy. The robot concept is compared with other methods of doing work underwater and its strengths and weaknesses are enumerated. Such a robot would be able to do only simple, well‐defined tasks, but it would probably be the most economical way of doing those jobs which are within its competence. The jobs which such a device might be able to do are listed and evaluated in terms of how easy or difficult they are for a robot to do. From this analysis some conclusions are drawn about what capabilities are needed in such a robot. It is concluded that speed of operation is not critical (In contrast to robots which are intended for industrial jobs), but that the ability to cope with unexpected conditions and to recover from mistakes is very important. Next, existing robot technology and past research***are discussed and evaluated in terms of the needs of an underwater naval robot. Gaps in the technology are identified, and, finally, me suggestions for research are given. © 1980 American Society of Naval Engineers

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THE FFG–7 GUIDED MISSLE FRIGATE program– MODEL FOR THE FUTURE?

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Naval Engineers Journal 1978年第3期90卷 93-105页

作者： BEECHER, JOHN D. DiTRAPANI, ANTHONY R. Captain John D. Beecher USN:is the Project Manager Guided Missile Frigate Ship Acquisition Project. He holds a BS degree in Naval Science from the U. S. Naval Academy a BS degree in Electrical Engineering from the U. S. Navy Postgraduate School and a MS degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics from MIT. He is a qualified Surface Warfare Officer who served for seventeen years in the unrestricted line. Captain Beecher's military decorations include the Meritorious Service Medal with Star in lieu of Second Award. Mr. Anthony R. DiTrapani:is the Deputy Project Manager of the Guided Missile Frigate Ship Acquisition Project. He received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin in 1958. He began his engineering career in the Navy's Bureau of Ships Steam Turbine and Gear Branch. specializing in steam turbine systems for nuclear submarines. In 1962 after completing graduate work at The George Washington University and a Navy–sponsored Electronics Training Program he joined the SQS–26 Sonar Project and served as Head of the Special Projects Section and subsequently the Test and Analysis Section until 1967. In 1967 he was selected to head the ASW Branch and later the Technical Management Plans Division for the DD–963 Ship Acquisition Project. Naval Sea Systems Command until 1971 when he was assigned to the FFG Project.

Late in 1970, Admiral E. R. Zumwalt, Chief of Naval Operations, directed that study begin towards development of a new class of ocean escort, now known as the FFG 7 (Oliver Hazard Perry) Class, to take over some of the duties of the Navy's World War II destroyers as these 25 year old ships are retired from the active Fleet. At the same time, the Department of Defense was significantly revising its basic policies for the development and acquisition of major weapons systems, and the FFG became the Navy's first major ship class acquisition under these new policies. These new policies, as announced in DOD Directive 5000.1, along with the program constraints imposed by the CNO, required the development of a philosophy and approach towards design, test and evaluation and acquisition which was significantly different from previous ship procurements. This paper summarizes the overall acquisition, T&E and logistic support plans for the FFG 7 Class as they were developed and implemented to meet these needs and constraints, discusses the ship trial results, and provides a commentary regarding the effectiveness of the approach and future applicability. © 1978 American Society of Naval Engineers

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