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Methodology for optimizing electrical grounding grids in stratified soils using advanced calculation techniques and evolutionary algorithms

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Swarm and Evolutionary Computation 2025年 95卷

作者： Silva, Carlos Leandro Borges da Pires, Thyago Gumeratto Silva Filho, Antonio Marcelino Bulhões, Junio Santos Belo, Orlando M. Oliveira Rodrigues, Clóves Gonçalves Coimbra, Antonio Paulo Calixto, Wesley Pacheco Electrical Mechanical & Computer Engineering School Federal University of Goias Goiania Goias PC 74.605-220 Brazil Institute of Systems and Robotics Coimbra University CoimbraPC 3030-290 Portugal Department of Informatics School of Engineering University of Minho BragaPC 4710-057 Portugal Electrical Power Systems Study Group Federal Institute of Tocantins Palmas TocantinsPC 77.021-090 Brazil Graduate Program in Production and Systems Engineering Pontifical Catholic University of Goias Goiania Goias PC 74605-010 Brazil Mato Grosso Brazil Technology Research and Development Center Federal Institute of Goias Goiania Goias PC 74.055-110 Brazil

This paper presents a practical methodology for optimizing the geometry of electrical grounding grids at industrial frequencies of 50Hz and 60Hz, integrating advanced calculation techniques and evolutionary algorithms to improve the safety and operational performance of electrical grounding systems. The proposed approach is particularly beneficial for industrial automation and control systems, where effective grounding is necessary to maintain system reliability and prevent downtime. This methodology employs mathematical modeling and computational tools to optimize grid parameters, ensuring compliance with safety standards while reducing operational costs, thus contributing to the overall efficiency of automated systems in industrial environments. The study reports a reduction of up to 66% in the number of vertical rods and 40% in horizontal conductors compared to traditional methods. These results indicate that the proposed methodology can significantly reduce material usage and costs while maintaining electrical safety in accordance with regulatory standards, making it applicable to a wide range of industrial settings, including substations and automated facilities. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Electric grounding

“Is It Future or Is It Past?”: From Self-contained Microtasks to AI-driven Collaborative Crowdsourcing

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“Is It Future or Is It Past?”: From Self-contained Microta...

Human-computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), International Congress on

作者： Daniel Schneider Marcos Antonio De Almeida Ramon Chaves Benjamim Fonseca Hesam Mohseni António Correia Postgraduate Program in Informatics (PPGI) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil INESC TEC and University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal Faculty of Information Technology University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland

ISBN: (数字)9798331510886

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510893

Interest in artificial intelligence (AI)-driven crowd work has increased during the last few years as a line of inquiry that expands upon prior research on microtasking to represent a means of scaling up complex tasks through AI mediation. Despite the increasing attention to the macrotask phenomenon in crowdsourcing, there is a need to understand the processes, elements, and constraints underlying the infrastructural and behavioral aspects in such form of crowd work when involving collaboration. To this end, this paper provides a first attempt to characterize some of the research conducted in this direction to identify important paths for an agenda comprising key drivers, challenges, and prospects for integrating human-centered AI in collaborative crowdsourcing environments.

关键词： Crowdsourcing Human computer interaction Collaboration Artificial intelligence Mediation Robots Optimization

Accurate Tracking of Arabidopsis Root Cortex Cell Nuclei in 3D Time-Lapse Microscopy Images Based on Genetic Algorithm

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Song, Yu Goh, Tatsuaki Li, Yinhao Dong, Jiahua Miyashima, Shunsuke Iwamoto, Yutaro Kondo, Yohei Nakajima, Keiji Chen, Yen-Wei College of Information Scinece and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Osaka525-8577 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara630-0192 Japan Bioresource Engineering Laboratory Ishikawa Prefectural University Ishiwaka 921-8836 Japan Department of Engineering Informatics Osaka Electro-Communication University Osaka572-0833 Japan Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems National Institutes of Natural Sciences Aichi 444-0867 Japan College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Zhejiang 310027 China

Arabidopsis is a widely used model plant to gain basic knowledge on plant physiology and development. Live imaging is an important technique to visualize and quantify elemental processes in plant development. To uncover novel theories underlying plant growth and cell division, accurate cell tracking on live imaging is of utmost importance. The commonly used cell tracking software, TrackMate, adopts tracking-by-detection fashion, which applies Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) for blob detection, and Linear Assignment Problem (LAP) tracker for tracking. However, they do not perform sufficiently when cells are densely arranged. To alleviate the problems mentioned above, we propose an accurate tracking method based on Genetic algorithm (GA) using knowledge of Arabidopsis root cellular patterns and spatial relationship among volumes. Our method can be described as a coarse-to-fine method, in which we first conducted relatively easy line-level tracking of cell nuclei, then performed complicated nuclear tracking based on known linear arrangement of cell files and their spatial relationship between nuclei. Our method has been evaluated on a long-time live imaging dataset of Arabidopsis root tips, and with minor manual rectification, it accurately tracks nuclei. To the best of our knowledge, this research represents the first successful attempt to address a long-standing problem in the field of time-lapse microscopy in the root meristem by proposing an accurate tracking method for Arabidopsis root nuclei. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

Adaptive Contextual Caching for Mobile Edge Large Language Model Service

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Liu, Yinqiu Wang, Jiacheng Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui College of Computing and Data Science The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore

Mobile edge Large Language Model (LLM) deployments face inherent constraints, such as limited computational resources and network bandwidth. Although Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates some challenges by integrating external knowledge bases, inefficient cache management can still result in high retrieval latency and frequent cache updates. To address these issues, we propose an Adaptive Contextual Caching (ACC) framework that anticipates user needs by proactively caching semantically relevant data for mobile-edge LLMs. ACC utilizes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) module to refine cache replacement policies, balancing user context, document similarity, and the overhead associated with cache misses. Experimental results demonstrate that ACC increases cache hit rates to over 80% after only 11 training episodes, outperforming FIFO, LRU, and semantic-only caching while reducing retrieval latency by up to 40%. In particular, ACC also reduces local caching overhead (i.e., the cost of updating the cache when a miss occurs) by as much as 55%, enabling scalable, low-latency LLM services in resource-constrained edge environments. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

Supply Chain Sustainability in Disruption: SC Intelligence, Customer Knowledge Transfer, and the Mediating Role of IS/IT

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IEEE engineering Management Review 2025年

作者： Ratna, Silvia Saide, Saide Rater, Salya Svyazhanovna, Baizakova Saule Herzavina, Herzavina Faculty of Information Technology Department of Informatics Engineering and Department of Information Systems Banjarmasin Indonesia State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau-UIN SUSKA Riau Department of Information Systems Faculty of Science and Technology Indonesia PRO Knowledge Indonesia Pekanbaru Indonesia Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai Indonesia Lembaga Enreach UIN Suska Riau Indonesia Politeknik Aceh Selatan Department of Informatics Engineering Aceh Indonesia Information Communication Technologies Robotics in Arkalyk Pedagogical Institute Master of Natural Sciences Educational Program for the Informatics Computer Science Kazakhstan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai Department of Informatics Engineering Indonesia National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan

Knowledge resource and information system/technology (IS/IT) capability have been considered to improve firm performance, however there is still a gap regarding the sustainability of supply chain to face and recover from disruption (e.g., COVID-19). Questionnaire-based surveys was adopted and received feedback from sixty (160) Indonesian companies or about 28.07% of response rate. © 1973-2011 IEEE.

关键词： customer knowledge transfer disruption information system/technology (IS/IT) responding knowledge management resource-based view (RBV) Supply chain (SC) sustainability supply chain knowledge transfer

Nonsaturated large magnetoresistance and transport dynamics in a n-doped cryogenic WSe2 field-effect device

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Physical Review B 2025年第12期111卷 125307-125307页

作者： Wei-Chen Lin Ching-Chen Yeh Jia-Zhu Zou Nhat Anh Nguyen Phan Inayat Uddin Hai Yen Le Thi Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Gil-Ho Kim Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 164 Republic of Korea Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan

Interest in the two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) continues to intensify, driven by their suitable band gaps to supplant silicon as next-generation semiconductor materials. Among various TMDs, tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is renowned for its superior electrical properties in carrier density and mobility under ambient conditions. Despite its notable attributes, the behavior of monolayer WSe2 in the electron-doped regime under cryogenic conditions remains largely uncharted, particularly concerning its magnetotransport properties. In this study, we reveal the transport mechanisms of monolayer WSe2 from high temperatures down to the cryogenic regime. As evident by Efros–Shklovskii variable-range hopping (E-S VRH) in the cryogenic regime, strong Coulomb interactions arise between electrons. Above 8 K, an uncommon nonsaturated quadratic large magnetoresistance (MR) can be explained by the wave-function shrinkage model, which is consistent with the E-S VRH transport mechanism. Notably, the nonsaturated quadratic large MR shows a magnitude up to 1740% at 13 T. These findings underscore the potential applications for monolayer WSe2 in cryogenic field-effect devices, magnetic sensors, and memory devices and mark a significant advance in magnetotransport research.

关键词： Monolayers

Efficient spin-orbit torque driven magnetization switching of GdFe using phosphorus-implanted platinum layers

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Shintaku, Kazuki Mathew, Arun Jacob Iwamoto, Akihisa Mohammadi, Mojtaba Awano, Hiroyuki Asada, Hironori Fukuma, Yasuhiro Department of Physics and Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka820-8502 Japan Memory Engineering Laboratory Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya468-8511 Japan Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Ube755-8611 Japan Research Center for Neuromorphic AI hardware Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu808-0196 Japan

The capability of the spin-orbit torque (SOT) generated via phenomena such as the spin Hall effect in heavy metals, in switching the magnetization of an adjacent magnetic material, has been studied extensively over the last decade. The efficiency of SOT generation is commonly quantified in terms of the spin Hall angle θSH. In this work, we demonstrate experimentally that implanting platinum (Pt) with phosphorus (P), resulting in Pt (P) d, where d denotes the implantation dose, increases θSH by a factor of 7, from 0.06 (d = 0) to 0.43 (d = 10 × 1016 ions/cm2). The enhanced θSH along with factors such as perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and resistivity, lead to reduction of the critical current density for switching the perpendicular magnetization of ferrimagnetic rare earth-transition metal alloy Gd26Fe74, by a factor of nearly 27, from 4.0 × 1011 A/m2 (d = 0) to 1.5 × 1010 A/m2 (d = 10 × 1016 ions/cm2). Further, the switching current density at zero thermal fluctuations and thermal stability factor were evaluated and found to be 2.0 × 1010 A/m2 and 61.4 (d = 10 × 1016 ions/cm2), with the latter being sufficiently above the required threshold for commercial memory applications. Our results suggest that Pt (P) could be a strong candidate in realizing efficient SOT driven magnetization switching leading to the development of improved memory and logic devices in the future. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iron alloys

OXidative Stress PREDictor: A Supervised Learning Approach for Annotating Cellular Oxidative Stress States in Inflammatory Cells

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Advanced Intelligent Systems

Advanced Intelligent systems 2025年第3期7卷

作者： Chen, Po-Yuan Ko, Tai-Ming Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology College of Engineering Bioscience National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Bioinformatics Program Institute of Statistical Science Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Institute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology College of Engineering Bioscience National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807 Taiwan

Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, plays a pivotal role in inflammatory responses associated with both chronic diseases and acute injuries. In this study, OXidative Stress PREDictor (OxSpred), a supervised learning model tailored to accurately annotate the oxidative stress state of innate immune cells at the single-cell level, is introduced. Compared to the traditional gene-set-variation-analysis-based enrichment method, OxSpred demonstrates superior accuracy with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89 and offers interpretable embeddings with significant biological relevance. Using the predicted ROS states, precise elucidation and interpretation of the roles of novel innate immune cell subtypes can be achieved. Overall, OxSpred enhances the utility of single-cell transcriptomic datasets by providing a robust in silico method for determining intracellular oxidative stress states, thereby enriching the understanding of innate immune cell functions during inflammation. © 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Intelligent systems published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Cells

Transfer Learning for Keypoint Detection in Low-Resolution Thermal TUG Test Images

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Wei-Lun Hsieh, Chia-Yeh Kao, Yu-Hsiang Liu, Kai-Chun Peng, Sheng-Yu Tsao, Yu Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academic Sinica Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Bachelor’s Program in Medical Informatics and Innovative Applications Fu Jen Catholic University Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan College of Information and Computer Sciences University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science of Technology Taiwan

This study presents a novel approach to human keypoint detection in low-resolution thermal images using transfer learning techniques. We introduce the first application of the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in thermal image computer vision, establishing a new paradigm for mobility assessment. Our method leverages a MobileNetV3-Small encoder and a ViTPose decoder, trained using a composite loss function that balances latent representation alignment and heatmap accuracy. The model was evaluated using the Object Keypoint Similarity (OKS) metric from the COCO Keypoint Detection Challenge. The proposed model achieves better performance with AP, AP50, and AP75 scores of 0.861, 0.942, and 0.887 respectively, outperforming traditional supervised learning approaches like Mask R-CNN and ViTPose-Base. Moreover, our model demonstrates superior computational efficiency in terms of parameter count and FLOPS. This research lays a solid foundation for future clinical applications of thermal imaging in mobility assessment and rehabilitation monitoring. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermography (imaging)