Synapses are a critical element of biologically-realistic, spike-based neural computation, serving the role of communication, computation, and modification. Many different circuit implementations of synapse function e...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0262201526
Synapses are a critical element of biologically-realistic, spike-based neural computation, serving the role of communication, computation, and modification. Many different circuit implementations of synapse function exist with different computational goals in mind. In this paper we describe a new CMOS synapse design that separately controls quiescent leak current, synaptic gain, and time-constant of decay. This circuit implements part of a commonly-used kinetic model of synaptic conductance. We show a theoretical analysis and experimental data for prototypes fabricated in a commercially-available 1.5μm CMOS process.
A novel microwave nondestructive testing technique is presented for breast cancer detection. A method utilizing the reflection coefficient at the aperture of a waveguide sensor radiating into a breast is described res...
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A novel microwave nondestructive testing technique is presented for breast cancer detection. A method utilizing the reflection coefficient at the aperture of a waveguide sensor radiating into a breast is described resulting in theoretical microwave images that clearly indicate the presence of a tumor. These images demonstrate the feasibility of detecting breast tumors using this approach
Integrated, low-power, low-noise CMOS neural amplifiers have recently grown in importance as large microelectrode arrays have begun to be practical. With an eye to a future where thousands of signals must be transmitt...
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Integrated, low-power, low-noise CMOS neural amplifiers have recently grown in importance as large microelectrode arrays have begun to be practical. With an eye to a future where thousands of signals must be transmitted over a limited bandwidth link or be processed in situ, we are developing low-power neural amplifiers with integrated pre-filtering and measurements of the spike signal to facilitate spike-sorting and data reduction prior to transmission to a data-acquisition system. We have fabricated a prototype circuit in a commercially-available 1.5 /spl mu/m, 2-metal, 2-poly CMOS process that occupies approximately 91,000 square /spl mu/m. We report circuit characteristics for a 1.5 V power supply, suitable for single cell battery operation. In one specific configuration, the circuit bandpass filters the incoming signal from 22 Hz to 6.7 kHz while providing a gain of 42.5 dB. With an amplifier power consumption of 0.8 /spl mu/W, the rms input-referred noise is 20.6 /spl mu/V.
We start from a case study of an architecture company and move on to a framework of agents to identify and inform conceptual design. The processes and problems exhibited by the company involved are quite common and ca...
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We start from a case study of an architecture company and move on to a framework of agents to identify and inform conceptual design. The processes and problems exhibited by the company involved are quite common and can be found in other similar companies. Our intent is to instrument the current process using agent technology, in an effort to improve global awareness during the conceptual design phase, allowing the designers to design so as to facilitate later steps and optimize the process as a whole.
In this paper we consider a method for finding several eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of large-scale generalized eigenvalue problems. In this method, a small matrix pencil that has only the desired eigenva...
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We present three different approaches for multi-step prediction using the fuzzy Markov predictor (FMP). The FMP is a modification of the hidden Markov model in order to enable it to predict numerical values. In the fi...
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We present three different approaches for multi-step prediction using the fuzzy Markov predictor (FMP). The FMP is a modification of the hidden Markov model in order to enable it to predict numerical values. In the first approach, the one normally used in neural networks, past predictions are used as input for the next predictions. The second and third approaches follow the standard way of making multi-step prediction in a dynamic Bayesian network. FMP using these three approaches is applied to the task of monthly electric load multi-step forecasting and successfully compared with two Kalman filter models, BATS and STAMP, and two traditional forecasting methods, Box-Jenkins and Winters exponential smoothing.
In this work, we present and analyze the use of a reconfigurable job scheduling simulator called RJSSim as an aid tool for parallel processing learning. This software is a functional and performance Java-based simulat...
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Dynamic programming (DP) is a principled way to design optimal controllers for certain classes of nonlinear systems;unfortunately, DP is computationally very expensive. The Reinforcement Learning methods known as Adap...
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Dynamic programming (DP) is a principled way to design optimal controllers for certain classes of nonlinear systems;unfortunately, DP is computationally very expensive. The Reinforcement Learning methods known as Adaptive Critics (AC) provide computationally feasible means for performing approximate Dynamic programming (ADP). The term 'adaptive ' in A C refers to the critic 's improved estimations of the Value Function used by DP. To apply DP, the user must craft a Utility function that embodies all the problem-specific design specifications/criteria. Model Reference Adaptive Control methods have been successfully used in the control community to effect on-line redesign of a controller in response to variations in plant parameters, with the idea that the resulting closed loop system dynamics will mimic those of a Reference Model. The work reported here 1) uses a reference model in ADP as the key information input to the Utility function, and 2) uses ADP off-line to design the desired controller. Future work will extend this to on-line application. This method is demonstrated for a hypersonic shaped airplane called LoFL YTE®;its handling characteristics are natively a little "hotter" than a pilot would desire. A control augmentation subsystem is designed using ADP to make the plane "feel like " a better behaved one, as specified by a Reference Model. The number of inputs to the successfully designed controller are among the largest seen in the literature to date.
In this paper a phonetic vocoder which synthesizes speech using mixed excitation is presented. The encoder carries out HMM-based speech recognition and pitch analysis, whereas the decoder performs parameter extraction...
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In this paper a phonetic vocoder which synthesizes speech using mixed excitation is presented. The encoder carries out HMM-based speech recognition and pitch analysis, whereas the decoder performs parameter extraction from HMM and builds a mixed excitation using pitch and bandpass voicing strengths. The vocoder at an average bit rate of 265 bit/s reaches good degree of intelligibility, while the use of mixed excitation significantly improves the speech quality with no increase of bit rate when compared with the conventional binary excitation pulse train/random noise.
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