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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks 2006, IJCNN '06

作者： Shokri, Maryam Tizhoosh, Hamid R. Kamel, Mohamed Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West ON N2L 3G1 Canada Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West ON N2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0780394909

The problem of delayed reward in reinforcement learning is usually tackled by implementing the mechanism of eligibility traces. In this paper we introduce an extension of eligibility traces to solve one of the challenging problems in reinforcement learning. The concept of opposition traces is proposed in this work to deal with large state space problems in reinforcement learning applications. We combine the idea of opposition and eligibility traces to construct the oppositionbased Q(λ). The results are compared with the conventional Watkins' Q(λ) and reflect a remarkable performance increase. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Modular-Based Classifier for Phoneme Recognition

Modular-Based Classifier for Phoneme Recognition

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IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)

作者： Abbas Ahmadi Fakhri Karray Mohamed Kamel Systems Design Engineering Department Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Waterloo ONT Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Waterloo ONT Canada

This paper proposes a modular-based classifier for the problem of phoneme recognition. This is carried out by the use of a two-level classification approach including, high and low levels. We propose a new concept called phoneme family. To obtain phoneme families, we employ k-mean clustering method. A given unknown phoneme is first classified into a phoneme family at high level classification. Then, the exact label of the phoneme is determined at low level classification. We have used a combined framework of statistical and neural network based classifiers. Encouraging results are obtained by applying the proposed method on TIMIT database and its performance is compared against other methods

关键词： Neural networks Speech recognition Recurrent neural networks Pattern recognition design engineering Databases Network topology Signal processing Information technology Pattern analysis

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VoMESH: voice over wireless MESH networks

VoMESH: voice over wireless MESH networks

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Kyungtae Kim Sangjin Hong Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University-SUNY Stony Brook NY USA

In this work, we focus on increasing network utilization to support real-time applications, especially voice over IP, in 802.11b wireless mesh network. For increasing capacity, we investigate on two directions: use of packet aggregation and utilize of header compression. Although aggregation reduces 802.11 MAC overhead, it also increases delay. We present a distributed multihop aggregation algorithm that uses the "natural" waiting time in the interface queue of packets in a loaded network. Header compression can relax the VoIP protocol overhead, but it also introduces the signaling overhead. In our work, we propose a zero-length header compression algorithm integrated with packet aggregation, which doesn't need to depend on the signaling mechanism to recover the context discrepancy between compressor and decompressor. The above performance optimization techniques are experimented in the NS2 simulator. The experimental results show an increase of 12 times for a six hop string when all optimizations are used

关键词： Wireless mesh networks Internet telephony Protocols Mesh networks Costs Delay Spread spectrum communication Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Communication system security

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Guarantee of service expectation level and fairness by precise queue weight allocation in AF PHB

Guarantee of service expectation level and fairness by preci...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Sangkil Jung Sangjin Hong Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University-SUNY Stony Brook NY USA

Assured forwarding per-hop behavior (AF PHB) is a forwarding scheme for providing QoS in DiffServ networks. It defines four classes and three drop precedence, where buffer space and bandwidth are defined as forwarding resources for each AF class (J. Heinanen et al., 1999). RIO (D.D. Clark and W. Fang, 1998) could be used as drop policy in a DiffServ router. AF PHB could be implemented by WRR, WFQ, CBQ, etc. When network managers provide AF PHB using the scheduling mechanisms, they want to guarantee accurate achievement of service expectation level, which results from precise queue weight allocation to each AF class with respect to forwarding resources, i.e., buffer space and bandwidth. In order to provide a guideline for the precise queue weight allocation, this paper proposes a simple analytical model for AF PHB designed on RIO and M/M/1 queue, and uses this model to obtain queue weight equation (QWE), which performs fine calculation of queue weight for AF classes. Average buffer space and bandwidth allocated for each AF class are used in derivation of QWE. The model verification is performed by simulation in which we use WRR for simplicity. Simulation results show that the QWE supports an accurate allocation of the forwarding resources, and, as a result, makes four AF classes achieve fairness as well as service expectation levels

关键词： Bandwidth Queueing analysis Resource management Quality of service Diffserv networks Mobile computing Laboratories Computer networks design engineering Guidelines

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Opposition-Based Q(λ) Algorithm

Opposition-Based Q(λ) Algorithm

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： M. Shokri H.R. Tizhoosh M. Kamel Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo ONT Canada Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo ONT Canada

The problem of delayed reward in reinforcement learning is usually tackled by implementing the mechanism of eligibility traces. In this paper we introduce an extension of eligibility traces to solve one of the challenging problems in reinforcement learning. The concept of opposition traces is proposed in this work to deal with large state space problems in reinforcement learning applications. We combine the idea of opposition and eligibility traces to construct the opposition-based Q(lambda). The results are compared with the conventional Watkins' Q(lambda) and reflect a remarkable performance increase.

关键词： Learning Delay Acceleration Neural networks Pattern analysis Machine intelligence Laboratories System analysis and design design engineering systems engineering and theory

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Vision-Guided Mobile Robot Navigation

Vision-Guided Mobile Robot Navigation

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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： An-Min Zou Zeng-Guang Hou Min Tan Derong Liu Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy and Sciences China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA

In this paper, the vision-based navigation problem for mobile robots in indoor environments is discussed. Corridor guidelines between the walls and the floor are used to guide the robot to move in the middle of the hallway. A neural network method is proposed to calibrate the camera, and then the corridor guidelines are transformed from image coordinates to robot coordinates. The corridor guidelines are extracted using the least square estimator. The backstepping method is employed to design the controller that guarantees the robot to move in the desired path. Experimental and simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed method

关键词： Mobile robots Navigation Guidelines Robot kinematics Motion planning Indoor environments Neural networks Robot vision systems Cameras Least squares approximation

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Baseband analog front-end and digital back-end for reconfigurable multi-standard terminals

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IEEE Circuits and systems Magazine 2006年第1期6卷 8-26页

作者： Baschirotto, A. Castello, Rinaldo Campi, Fabio Cesura, Giovanni Toma, Mario Guerrieri, Roberte Lodi, Andrea Lavagno, Luciano Malcovati, Piero Department of Electronics University of Pavia Italy STMicroelectronics Italy Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems University of Bologna Italy Department of Electronics Politecnico di Torino Italy Department of Electrical Engineering University of Pavia Italy Department of Central Research and Development ST Microelectronics Italy Bologna Italy Department of Electronics University of Pavia Italy Italy Solid State Circuit Society IEEE Italy IEEE Italy Semiconductor Laboratory Max Planck Institute of Terrestrial and Extrater- Restrial Physics Munich Germany New IP and Design Support of the Computer and Peripheral Group of ST-Microelectronics University of Bologna Italy Politecnico di Torino Italy Cadence Berkeley Laboratories United States STMicroelectronics Italy Bologna Italy Department of Electrical Engineering University of Pavia Italy CR and D ST-Microelectronics Agrate Brianza Italy

Multimedia applications are driving wireless network operators to add high-speed data services such as Edge (E-GPRS), WCDMA (UMTS) and WLAN (IEEE 802.11a,b,g) to the existing network. This creates the need for multi-mode cellular handsets that support a wide range of communication standards, each with a different RF freguency, signal bandwidth, modulation scheme, etc. This in turn generates several design challenges for the analog and digital building blocks of the physical layer. In addition to the above-mentioned protocols, mobile devices often include Bluetooth, GPS, FM-radio and TV services that can work concurrently with data and voice communication. Multi-mode, multi-band, and multi-standard mobile terminals must satisfy all these different reguirements. Sharing and/or switching transceiver building blocks in these handsets is mandatory in order to extend battery life and/or to reduce cost. Only adaptive circuits that are able to reconfigure themselves within the handover time can meet the design reguirements of a single receiver or transmitter covering all the different standards while ensuring seamless inter-interoperability. This paper presents analog and digital base-band circuits that are able to support GSM (with Edge), WCDMA (UMTS), WLAN and Bluetooth using reconfigurable building blocks. The blocks can trade off power consumption for performance on the fly, depending on the standard to be supported and the reguired QoS (Quality of Service) level. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Computer terminals

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Development and Application of Software for ATC Calculation

Development and Application of Software for ATC Calculation

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International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON)

作者： Rong-fu Sun Yue Fan Yong-hua Song Yuan-zhang Sun Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Northwest China Grid Company Xi'an Shanxi Province China School of Engineering and Design Brunel University London UK Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In the environment of the power market, available transfer capability (ATC) is a measure of transfer capability remaining in the physical transmission network for future commercial activity over and above already committed uses, then it is an important parameter for all companies participating in the power transmission activities. Widely used ATC calculation software-Powerworld simulates power transfer increment through decreasing generation output in sink area (receiving-end) using the repeated power flow method, but this simulation model does not accord with the actual circumstances of electricity shortage in China. In this paper, a combined method including linear distribution factors and repeated power flow (RPF) is proposed to perform ATC calculation, meanwhile, two scenarios can be selected to simulate power transfer increment: One is to increase the total generation output in source area as the load in sink area increases; The other is to decrease the same amount of generation in sink area while the generation output in source area is to be increased. According to the tests applied in the Northwest China power network to perform ATC calculation and analysis, this method guarantees more exact results by simulating actual transfer increasing mode of the Northwest China power network.

关键词： Application software Power generation Load flow Power markets Power measurement Particle measurements Power transmission Testing Performance evaluation Performance analysis

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An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization and Its Application to Power System Transfer Capability Calculation

An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization and Its Application ...

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International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON)

作者： Chang-hua Zhang Rong-fu Sun Chong-xu Liu Yue Fan Shuan-bao Niu Yong-hua Song Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Intelligence Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Northwest China Grid Company Limited Xi'an Shanxi China School of Engineering and Design Brunei University London UK

In this paper, an algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) for power system transfer capability calculation is presented. A dual fitness scheme that takes both objective and constraint into account is adopted to evaluate the survival chance of any particle, thus avoid the drawbacks of traditional penalty method. In the evolution process, if the population best particle has no update during a prescribed number of consecutive generations, it is regarded as a local optimum solution and the searching space around this particle is locked to prevent other particles flying into it. And this particle is saved as one of the candidate solution. In the end, by comparing the fitness of all saved particles and the current population best particle, the optimum value can be obtained. This improved particle swarm algorithm is then successfully applied to IEEE118 bus system optimization problem. Compared with a traditional well-known method, sequential quadratic programming (SQP), our proposal obtains better solutions for this problem.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization Power systems Power system reliability Optimization methods Power generation Power system modeling Sun Load flow Mathematical model Equations

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Polymorphic Architecture for an Electronic Nose (eNose)

Polymorphic Architecture for an Electronic Nose (eNose)

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems (MWSCAS)

作者： R.L. Ewing H.S. Abdel-Aty-Zohdy J.R. Morrison Information Directorate U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory OH USA Microelectronics System Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Oakland University Rochester MI USA

Bioinspired evolvable techniques significantly increase the functionality of autonomous low-power detection systems by enabling them to learn, adapt and self-reconfigure through use of programmable BioFET devices. Electronic artificial noses or sniffers as bioinspired devices are under development that produces holograms stored within three-dimensional protein memory structures enabling automated real-time detection and classification of odors, vapors and contamination within gases.

关键词： Electronic noses Laboratories Protein engineering Chemical technology Sensor arrays Neural networks Leak detection Gases Computerized monitoring FETs

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