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Complementary strengths of water footprint and life cycle assessments in analyzing global freshwater appropriation and its local impacts – Recommendations from an Interdisciplinary discussion series

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Ecological Indicators 2025年 174卷

作者： Berger, Markus Gerbens-Leenes, Winnie Karandish, Fatemeh Aldaya, Maite M. Boulay, Anne-Marie Hogeboom, Rick J. Link, Andreas Manzardo, Alessandro Mialyk, Oleksandr Motoshita, Masaharu Nuñez, Montserrat Pfister, Stephan Rosenbaum, Ralph K. Scherer, Laura Su, Han Wöhler, Lara University of Twente Chair of Multidisciplinary Water Management Enschede Netherlands Groningen Netherlands Earth Systems and Global Change Group Wageningen University and Research Wageningen Netherlands Pamplona Spain Pamplona Spain CIRAIG Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Canada Water Footprint Network Enschede Netherlands Technical University of Berlin Chair of Sustainable Engineering Berlin Germany Padova Italy Japan Sustainability in Biosystems Research Program Caldes de Montbui Barcelona Spain Institute of Environmental Engineering Ecological Systems Design Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic Engineering ETH Zurich Switzerland Leiden University Leiden Netherlands

Considering globally increasing water challenges, the analysis of water use along supply chains is of great relevance and can be tackled by mainly two methodological approaches: Water Footprint Assessment (WFA) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). While sharing the same goal of promoting sustainable water use, both methods developed in different contexts and scientific communities. This has led to heated debates on methodological presuppositions that at times has become unconstructive. To build mutual understanding and enable a fruitful cooperation, researchers from both communities have exchanged over the course of two years. This paper summarizes the outcomes of this discussion series by providing i) a description of the development of both approaches and their ways of assessing freshwater consumption and pollution, ii) an application in a case study, and iii) an analysis of strengths and weaknesses in relation to questions decision-makers may have. Our analysis revealed that WFA's strength lies in its ability to measure freshwater appropriation, water-use efficiency, water scarcity and total pollution levels. This makes WFA particularly useful for crop selection as well as agricultural and river basin water management. With its focus on assessing impacts, LCA is strong in quantifying potential consequences of water use for humans and ecosystems. This makes it particularly useful for assessing complex supply chains and for analysing water-related impacts in combination with other environmental aspects. Rather than being in competition with each other, we emphasize the individual and complementary strengths of both approaches and their joint efforts in addressing the world's pressing water challenges. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Life cycle assessment

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LARGE-SCALE OPTIMIZATION MODELING AT THE UNITED-STATES-TREASURY-DEPARTMENT - AN UPDATE

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INTERFACES 1985年第2期15卷 46-49页

作者： MULVEY, JM Princeton Univ Program in Engineering-Management Systems Princeton NJ USA Princeton Univ Program in Engineering-Management Systems Princeton NJ USA

The US Treasury Department (Office of Tax Analysis) estimates the impact of proposed changes to the US tax code. Their forecasted distribution of potential benefits and losses on various subpopulations plays a significant role in Congressional tax policy debate. Three large-scale optimization models are essential in estimating revenue; one—optimal cluster analysis—was described in a previous Interfaces article, October 1980, and is brought up to date here.

关键词： programing: integer simulation: application

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Tribological Behaviors and Statistical Experimental Design of Sintered and Age-Hardened Aluminum–Copper Based Composites

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Lubricants 2025年第4期13卷 172-172页

作者： Popescu, Ileana Nicoleta Alhalaili, Badriyah Anghelina, Florina Violeta Nicolicescu, Claudiu Vidu, Ruxandra Faculty of Materials Engineering and Mechanics Valahia University of Targoviste Targoviste130004 Romania Valahia University of Targoviste Targoviste130004 Romania American Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences Citrus HeightsCA95611 United States Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait Department of Engineering and Management of the Technological Systems Faculty of Mechanics University of Craiova Drobeta-Turnu Severin220037 Romania Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Bucharest060042 Romania

This paper reports on the influence of various processing parameters and different SiCp proportions on the outcome of mechanical, tribological, microstructural, and microcompositional investigations of Al-Cu based composites used as potential brake friction materials for eco-friendly vehicle parts. The composites were obtained by powder metallurgy, and then the sintered composite was treated at 515 ± 5 °C/6 h, quenched in water, and artificially aged at different temperatures and times. The microstructural and microcompositional investigations of the composites were made using an environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). After analyzing the microstructures in correlation with the results of the hardness tests, the optimal proportion of SiCp and optimal heat treatment parameters were determined. The composite samples with the best properties were chosen for tribological investigation. The friction and wear tests of samples were made under dry sliding conditions using a "pin on disc" machine, at a contact pressure of 0.35 to 1.15 MPa, 2 to 4.5 m/s relative speed, and the prediction of tribological behavior was made using a linear factorial design approach. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Sintering

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Strategic legislation for the promotion of university–industry collaborations: a case study of Taiwan

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Journal of Technology Transfer 2025年第1期50卷 304-344页

作者： Truong, Thanh Hue Lin, Bou-Wen Tung, Ching-Pin International Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei106 Taiwan Research Center for Future Earth National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei106 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Business Administration College of Management National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei106 Taiwan National Applied Research Laboratories No. 106 Sec. 2 Heping E. Rd. Da’an Dist. Taipei City106214 Taiwan Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei106 Taiwan

The strategic utilization of technology to enhance industrial competitiveness and product quality is pivotal for economic growth. As universities own more inventions, collaborative efforts between industry and academia become essential for regional competitiveness and overall economic advancement. This study explores Taiwan’s systematic approach to upgrading its infrastructure, emphasizing the significance of University–Industry Collaborations (UIC) in realizing Industry 4.0. Government strategies and policy decisions emerge as key drivers in fostering successful collaborative projects between industry and university teams. The relaxation of restrictions, particularly related to part-time teachers and technology transfer, along with the promotion of corporate programs, effective use of public funding, and the development of an innovative digital platform system for UIC, collectively contribute to establishing a robust university–industry cooperation mechanism. This mechanism has contributed to Taiwan’s move towards new digital advances in innovation and entrepreneurship, fostering industrial leadership and efficient governance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Technology transfer

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Meteorological data implications modeling on evapotranspiration variability in arid and semi-arid zones in Saudi Arabia using hybrid metaheuristic

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-22页

作者： Noureddine, Oulad Naoui Mohamed, Sekkoum El Amine, Cherif Alzaed, Ali Gedfew, Meseret Abeje Ghoneim, Sherif S. M. Hussein, Enas E. Materials Energy Systems Technology and Environment Laboratory Department of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering University Ghardaia Bounoura Algeria Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Amar Telidji University P. O. Box 37.G Laghouat 03000 Algeria Water Management and Treatment Laboratory University of Science and Technology of Oran Mohamed Boudiaf B.P. 1505 El M’Naouer Oran Algeria Architectural Engineering Program - Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Taif University Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Technology Debre Markos University P. O. Box 269 Debre Markos Ethiopia Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia Water Management Research Institute National Water Research Center Shubra El-Kheima 13411 Egypt

This work is unique and contributes new knowledge to the field whereas it involves introducing a new method based on coupling two or three stochastic models, analyzing new data represented by drought and flooding risk relationship, and addressing a previously unexplored research question: Can we make a decision regarding future evapotranspiration-flooding risk relationship? In this paper, the Bat algorithm (BAT) with the Newton Method (NM), Bird Swarm Algorithm (BSA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Chicken Swarm Optimization Algorithm (CSO) are used as a hybrid model in arid and semi-arid zones in Saudi Arabia as well as for modeling rainfall, temperature, and solar radiation implications on evapotranspiration variability. Coupling between aridity and evapotranspiration over a long time can create flooding risks. This holistic modeling aims to reduce flooding risks and ensure the desired decision. Several models were employed to simulate some basins’ Potential and Actual evapotranspiration as case studies. The meteorological inputs of the hybrid models were calibrated and validated with metric evaluation for input and output of evapotranspiration, respectively. The results suggest that the application of a hybrid model can improve the accuracy of evapotranspiration simulations in terms of statistical parameters, whereas BAT–GA–NM reduced MAPE from 38.88 to 4.16% for Mekkah and from 14.94 to 2.04% for Medina and NSCE from − 0.17 to 0.97 for Mekkah and from 0.82 to 0.99%. Those parameters will provide a better understanding of evapotranspiration processes in watersheds and valuable information for early warnings of flooding risks. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Hybrid metaheuristic Modeling Rainfall Solar radiation data Temperature

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A Secure NFC Cardless Cash Withdrawal System 5th

A Secure NFC Cardless Cash Withdrawal System

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5th International Conference on Financial Technology, ICFT 2024

作者： Hwang, Min-Shiang Lin, Cheng-Ying Chang, Chun-Hsien Yang, Cheng-Ying Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Fintech and Blockchain Research Center Asia University Taichung Taiwan The Ph.D. Program in Artificial intelligence Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Management Information Systems National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science University of Taipei Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819638109

As IoT technology grows, several different payment methods are available now. NFC (Near Field Communication) as a short-range communication technology has been applied in many fields, such as contactless payment and electronic tickets. ATM (Auto Teller Machine) also benefits from NFC technology as one way of cardless cash withdrawal. However, there are many security problems, and convenience problems exist. In security, certain kinds of attacks, such as man-in-the-middle, replay, and brute-force attacks, must be considered. These attacks may influence user privacy. Furthermore, considering user experience, existing methods may not make users feel enough convenience when using. To enhance security and user experience, we proposed a secure NFC cardless cash withdrawal system using time stamps and nonce to reduce the risk of attack and design more effortless operations for users to enhance user experience. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Automatic teller machines

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Determination of an implementation order for IS projects

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INFORMATION & management 1996年第2期31卷 67-74页

作者： Shoval, P Giladi, R Information Systems Program Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Faculty of Engineering Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel

The process of information systems (IS) planning in an organization occurs when there is a set of IS projects that require implementation, generally within certain time frames and budgetary constraints. We propose a method for determining an optimal order of project implementation. The proposed method utilizes the cost-benefit graph, which considers the expected cost and benefit of each of the projects comprising the set, as well as the weight (importance) of the cost and benefit factors to the decision-makers. The method allows us to analyze the sensitivity of a preferred implementation order to changes in cost and benefits, and the importance of these factors.

关键词： cost-benefit analysis cost-benefit graph decision-making process information systems planning and selection project management

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Achieving success for the development of a systems engineering degree program

Achieving success for the development of a systems engineeri...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Teng, S. Gary Ozelkan, Ertunga Sireli, Yesim Elmore, Karen University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Engineering Management Program Center for Lean Logistics and Engineered Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Department of Engineering Management United States Engineering Management Program University of North Carolina Charlotte United States ASEE IEEE Engineering Management Society Decision Sciences Institute United States ASEM Korea Republic of Marketing Science Institute United States Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi United States

Due to the changing global business environment, the operations of engineering companies in the U.S. are moving from self sufficient engineering operations toward the integration of various engineering operations, including design, production and manufacturing, logistics, sales, and services, at global locations and companies. The education of future engineers has to reflect this changing trend and demand. systems engineering (SE) discipline provides this critical need of education to handle the increasing demands for systems efficiency, effectiveness, and integration in engineering and business operations. This paper intends to discuss the process in the design of a Bachelor of Science in SE curriculum. The design is based on an analysis of skill requirements in industry under the current global market environment and global supply chain operations. This paper discusses industry needs in skills and demonstrates the match of skills to various SE courses and the completed curriculum design for a Bachelor of Science in SE program. © American Society for engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： systems engineering

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systems engineering and project management: Points of intersection, overlaps, and tensions

Systems engineering and project management: Points of inters...

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2017 Portland International Conference on management of engineering and Technology, PICMET 2017

作者： Boswell, James W. Anbari, Frank T. Via, John W. SKEMA Business School Strategy Programme and Project Management Lille France Drexel University Project Management Program PhiladelphiaPA United States Drexel University Vidas Program in Systems Engineering PhiladelphiaPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781890843366

There are significant Points of Intersection and Overlaps between Project / program Managers (PMs) and the Chief systems Engineer (CSE) / systems Engineers (SE). In some projects, the PM is the Technical Lead, or the CSE is the PM, regardless of Role, the project leader is responsible for project success through adherence to the "Golden Triangle". However, if Roles and Responsibilities are not clearly defined early in the project lifecycle when both professions are present, this can lead to unproductive tensions between PMs and the CSE that can be an impediment to project / program performance. Key sources of unproductive tensions are the lack of integrated planning, lack of or unclear communications, unclear definition roles and authority, and conflicting practices between the two overlapping roles. We address relevant causes of unproductive tensions, highlight the importance of collaboration between project management and systems engineering, describe the points of intersection and overlaps in the core competencies between the disciplines, as described by their respective profession organizations (PMI & INCOSE), and explore the Overlaps between the educational curricula for an M.S. in Project management and an M.S. in systems engineering. We then suggest promising practices for enhancing effective integration between the two disciplines with the aim of improving project and program performance. © 2017 PICMET.

关键词： Project management

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Entity-relationship and object-oriented data modeling - An experimental comparison of design quality

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DATA & KNOWLEDGE engineering 1997年第3期21卷 297-315页

作者： Shoval, P Shiran, S Information Systems Program Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel

We compare EER and OO data models from the point of view of design quality. Quality is measured in terms of (a) correctness of the conceptual schemas being designed, (b) time to complete the design task, and (c) designers' preferences of the models. Result of an experimental comparison of the two models reveal that the EER model surpasses the OO model for designing unary and ternary relationships, it takes less time to design EER schemas, and the EER model is preferred by designers. We conclude that even if the objective is to implement an OO database schema, the recommended procedure is to: (1) create an EER conceptual scheme, (2) map it to an OO schema, and augment the target schema with behavioral constructs that are unique to the 00 approach.

关键词： data modeling entity relationship model object oriented model database design conceptual schema experimentation schema transformation quality of design

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