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LIVE FIRE TEST AND EVALUATION FOR SHIPS

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 228-245页

作者： BLOOM, JB REESE, RM HOPKINS, TM Joel B. Bloom:is a staff specialist in the Office of the Deputy Director Land and Maritime Programs Test and Evaluation Directorate of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). He is the OSD action officer for developmental testing including live fire testing for ships submarines underwater weapons and Army direct fire weapons. He is responsible for day-to-day OSD oversight of Navy ship vulnerability and is a member of the crew casualty working group of the Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness. Previously he worked at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard the Marine Division of the Army Corps of Engineers the David Taylor Model Basin and the Office of Naval Intelligence and on the staff of the Navy's Ship Characteristics and Improvement Board. Mr. Bloom graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute with a BS in mechanical engineering (naval architecture and marine engineering). His graduate work was in oceanography and in engineering administration. He is a member of ASNE SNAME the International Test and Evaluation Association the U.S. Naval Institute and the Naval Submarine League and is listed inWho's Who in the East.He is a recent recipient of the Secretary of Defense Meritorious Civilian Service Medal. Dr. Ronald M. Reese:has headed the live fire test and evaluation sea systems team in the operational evaluation division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) for the past three years. From 1980–1990 he worked at NKF Engineering Inc. in various areas of ship survivability and ship design specializing in ship signature reduction. From 1960–1980 he served in the U.S. Navy as a surface line officer and in various capacities as an Engineering Duty Officer including Naval Ship Engineering Center Ship Design Manager for PHM and Continuing CV Conceptual Design NavSea PMS 378 Program Manager/SUPSHIP Newport News Project Officer forVirginia(CGN-38) class construction and Force Maintenance Officer Commander Naval Surface Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet. He retired from t

Live Fire Test and Evaluation (LFT&E) is a relatively recent addition to the requirements for ship acquisition programs. Ship LFT&E requires a combination of testing and analysis in order to evaluate the vulnerability of a new acquisition ship class to the threat weapons it is likely to encounter in combat. LFT&E supports the ship acquisition process by identifying vulnerability weaknesses early in a development program and enabling timely, well informed decisions regarding ship vulnerability reduction features. This paper discusses the various aspects of ship LFT&E and how they relate to make a positive impact on a ship acquisition program in a timely fashion. It describes a four-element approach to ship LFT&E consisting of (1) component, system, and full-scale ship tests, (2) surrogate tests, (3) damage scenario-based engineering analyses, and (4) a Total Ship Survivability Trial demonstrating the ability of the full-up ship to combat damage and ''fight hurt.''

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ANALYSIS OF A MOVABLE BOUNDARY ACCESS TECHNIQUE FOR A MULTISERVICE MULTIBEAM SATELLITE SYSTEM

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 299-312页

作者： BOHM, S ELHAKEEM, AK MURTHY, KMS HACHICHA, M KADOCH, M Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West Montreal H3A 1M8 Canada Was born in Montreal Canada on 14 September 1966. He received the B. Eng. degree in electrical engineering from Concordia University Montreal Canada in 1989. He is at present completing the M.A.Sc. degree in electrical engineering at Concordia University. (S'75–S'79–M'79–SM'86) received the Ph.D. degree from Southern Methodist University Dallas TX in 1979. He spent the next two years working as a Visiting Professor in Egypt after which he moved to Ottawa Canada in 1982. He assumed teaching and research positions in Carleton and Manitoba Univerities and later moved to Concordia University Montreal Canada in 1983 where he is now a Professor in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department. He has published numerous papers in IEEE and international journals in the areas of spread spectrum and networking. He is a well-known expert in these areas and serves as a consultant to many companies. His current research interests include wide-band metropolitan networks switching architectures and performance of on-board multibeam satellites acquisitionless CDMA networks code distribution and orthogonalization of CDMA signals responsive congestion control for ATM-based networks ARQ techniques and investigation of the novel SUGAR CDMA systems in fading channels. Dr. Elhakeem is a Senior Member of the Canadian Electrical Engineering Society and Armed Forces Association. He has chaired numerous technical sessions in IEEE Conferences was the Technical Program Chairman for IEEE Montech 1986 Montreal Canada. Dr. Elhakeem is the key guest editor of theIEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communicationsfor the May June issues 1993 covering CDMA networks. Advanced Technology & Networks VISTAR Telecommunications Inc. Ottawa Ontario K1G 3J4 Canada . He is ITU's Specialist Consultant and Chief Advisor for a number of ITU/UNDP projects including VSATs Rural Networks Digital Broadc

In this paper, the performance of a new movable boundary accessing (MBA) technique for future integrated services multibeam satellite systems is studied. The multiservice environment considered includes both asynchronous and isochronous traffic consisting of video, voice, file transfer and interactive data. The movable boundary access technique proposed here will maximize the utilization of the up-link frame capacity. It is shown that the potential user population is substantially increased with the use of a moving boundary policy with minimal overhead.

关键词： MOVABLE BOUNDARY ACCESS TECHNIQUE MF-TDMA DAMA MULTIBEAM SATELLITE

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STATISTICAL QUALITY-CONTROL AND NAVY SHIP REPAIR

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第1期105卷 59-65页

作者： STIMSON, WA The Author:received his B.S. degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at El Paso in 1964 and his M.S. degree in engineering from the University of Santa Clara in 1971. Mr. Stimson was employed in the aerospace industry for ten years then joined the Naval Ship Weapon Systems Engineering Station (NSWSES) in Port Hueneme Calif. in 1973. At NSWSES he served ten years as a project supervisor on Ship Qualification Trials and seven years as program manager of the Master Ordnance Repair program. Today Mr. Stimson lives in Charlotteville Va. and is a Ph.D. candidate in systems engineering at the University of Virginia majoring in quality management and statistical quality control.

Since the end of the Cold War, there have been demands in the United States to step down defense costs. One effect of these demands is a shift in accent within the U.S. Navy from acquisition to maintenance in order to make ships and ship systems last longer. Inevitably, this will mean more work for the ship repair industry, public and private. At the same time, the Navy is concerned about quality improvement in its industrial base and is encouraging the use of strategies generally known as Total Quality management. However, the characteristics of Navy ship repair challenge many of the TQM methods that work so well in manufacturing. Government contracts restrict such quality strategies as single sourcing and just-in-time inventory. Government quality assurance requirements rely heavily upon final inspection. Navy business methods such as fragmentation of the work package among independent performers and constant and universal interface between customer and performer impede cohesive control. Finally, Navy ship repair, unlike the automaton factory, requires labor intensive, high skill, non-rote craftsmanship across many thousands of low volume activities. The quality objective is this: to measure, control, and improve the processes of ship repair in order to reduce variation from target values and to provide customer satisfaction. This can be done through statistical process control adapted to job shop operation. This paper describes how SQC methods can be applied to production, logistics, quality control, and test programs in order to control the critical path and quantify the quality character of the shipyard. Control is maintained through a closed loop management model which uses key state variables for process measurement. Quality is determined by characteristic curves and quantified by process control limits.

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QUALITY management AND MASTER ORDNANCE REPAIR

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第5期105卷 68-76页

作者： STIMSON, WA MARTINEZ, E William A. Stimson:received his B.S. degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at El Paso in 1964 and his M.S. degree in engineering from the University of Santa Clara in 1971. Mr. Stimson was employed in the aerospace industry for ten years then joined the Naval Ship Weapon Systems Engineering Station in Port Hueneme Calif in 1973. At NSWSES he served ten years as a ship qualification trials project supervisor and seven years as program manager of the Master Ordnance Repair Program. Today Mr. Stimson lives in Charlottesville Va. and is a Ph.D candidate in systems engineering at the University of Virginia majoring in quality management and statistical quality control. Ernest Martinez:received his B.S. degree in computer sciences from National University in 1985. Mr. Martinez was head of combat systems at the Naval Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka Japan for five years returning in 1983 to the Naval Sea Support Center Pacific San Diego Calif. During the next five years he managed the Fleet Modernization Program and was coordinator of the Combat System Readiness Test Program. Today Mr. Martinez lives in San Diego and is employed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme Calif. as MOR program manager.

Because of the redefinition of national defense needs and the reduction of defense budgets, the management of complex combatant repair is more imperative than ever. To this end, the U.S. Navy is calling for Total Quality Leadership (TQL) strategies from its agencies and contractors. These strategies are derived from well known initiatives of quality management, such as those of Deming. They define the basis of any quality program. Quality methodologies have proven highly effective in the manufacturing sector, but many remain unproven or tentative in service and repair industries. The authors believe that TQL methods can be effective in the repair industry also, but must be developed or adapted to suit the unique characteristics of that industry: high skill, non-rote crafts, with continual customer interface at all levels of operation. In establishing a direction for TQL development, the authors have chosen two elements. The first is the Malcolm Baldrige Quality Improvement program, which provides guidelines for direction. The second is the Master Ordnance Repair (MOR) program, which provides the management vehicle. From its beginning in 1983, MOR has been a program of management. The task is explicit in its charter, NAVSEAINST 8000.2, which requires that a MOR contractor manage combat system work and testing. Quality management methods are applied to the MOR program to achieve MOR objectives using Baldrige measurements. Methods are presented which deploy the quality function across the organization. Techniques are provided to improve the company's ability to control its processes and the robustness of its product. These include methods of process analysis that determine added value, ownership, and internal customer. Stress is placed on in-process verification rather than on end-of-process inspection. The recommendations of this paper require no extraordinary skills or costs, but do require a formal and systematic approach to quality issues. The authors believe that

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AUTOMATED LOGISTICS FOR HM-AND-E systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第5期105卷 50-58页

作者： CIERI, AM The Author:is the director Equipment Assessment and Alteration Department Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NavSSES). His department is responsible for implementing condition-based maintenance initiatives at NavSSES and for program management engineering development and measurement of efficiency and effectiveness for the Assessment of Equipment Condition (AEC) Program as the agent for NavSea 915. Additionally his department manages both machinery alterations (MachAlts) for NavSea 56 and numerous ship alterations (ShipAlts) for the type commanders. In 1983 he conceived and structured the policy and procedures for the MachAlt Program at NavSSES as a result of a need identified by NavSea's ShipAlt Improvement Program. He served as the program manager for the MachAlt Program from 1982 until his current promotion this year. Mr. Cieri worked in the Hull and Deck Machinery Department for 11 years before moving into program management. His 29 years of federal service also include nine years with the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in increasingly responsible positions in both the Planning and Production departments. Mr. Cieri is a former recipient of the NavSSES Joseph Cacciola Technical Achievement Award and the Federal Government Economy in Government Operations Award for the Philadelphia area.

Shipboard and shoreside maintenance managers throughout the Navy are searching for innovative ways to improve the processes used to maintain shipboard equipment. The current fiscal environment and events in the world make it evident that the Navy of the twenty-first century will have to do more with less. The author believes that the application of existing technology can automate and integrate diagnostics (what is wrong and a recommended corrective action) with the logistic requirements (how to document and effect the corrective action). The author will discuss and demonstrate a real-time application of automated diagnostics with CALS compliant logistics for an HM&E system for use by both shipboard and shoreside maintenance managers. The primary functions will center around data collection and work brokerage. The paper will focus on features and capabilities that will automate logistics including: SNAP/CSMP Interface (automated 2-kilos), Tech Manuals/EOSS/PMS, Ships Force Training, Embedded Training, Tools/Parts Information, Maintenance Scheduling, Drawings/Blue Prints, and MachAlt/ShipAlt management.

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NAVY HIGH-ENERGY LASER-WEAPON SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 105-117页

作者： FERREIRA, DM MARCELL, FC David M. Ferreira:is the program manager for high power microwave and laser applications and the exploratory development technology block program manager for laser technology and high power microwave technology in the Directed Energy Program at the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (SpaWar). His 20 years experience includes project engineer for shipboard infrared countermeasures and advanced development infrared decoys at the Naval Ship Engineering Center. project engineer for advanced development infrared search and track systems in the Reconnaissance Electronic Warfare and Special Operations Navy (REWSON) Project Office Naval Electronic Systems Command HEL beam control manager in the High Energy Laser Project Naval Sea Systems Command and System Engineering Division director Naval Warfare System Architecture and Engineering Directorate Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. His current position is manager of high power microwave and laser applications in the Directed Energy Weapons Division of SpaWar. Mr. Ferreira holds an AA from City College of San Francisco a BS(EE) from the University of Colorado and an MBA from George Mason University. Frederick C. Marcell:is the leader Electro-Optics Systems Space and Defense Systems Group W. J. Schafer Associates (WJSA) Washington Operations. With more than 15 years experience in electro-optic sensors and laser technology development he is responsible for Navy SDIO and other industry programs in the laser radar and electro-optic sensor business areas. He provides scientific engineering and program management support to government and industry in technology assessment and system development programs. Mr. Marcell came to WJSA following 27 years of naval service in both sea and technical billets. As an engineering duty officer he served in technical program management positions at the Naval Surface Warfare Center working on the ANISAR-8 IRST and at The Navy Directed Energy Weapons Program Office working on the High Energy Laser and managing the SDIO

This paper will historically review and describe the Navy High Energy Laser Weapon System (HELWS). Advances in anti-ship cruise missiles (ASMs), which present the greatest challenge in surface ship self defense, are necessitating the development of significantly more sophisticated and expensive surface-to-air missiles in order to counter the threat. The next generation of ASMs, as represented by the French ANS, will be capable of skimming only meters above the sea surface at multi-mach speeds, while performing evasive maneuvers during terminal run-in. This type of threat has essentially eliminated naval gun systems from the role of ship self-defense, and has significantly reduced the effectiveness of cu''ent missile systems. Under development for the past twenty years, the High Energy Chemical Laser appears to be a feasible solution to the ship self-defense problem. Capable of operating effectively in all weather conditions except dense fog, a HELWS requires no conventional rire control solution, since it operates at the speed of light. Any target that can be tracked can be enpged. Furthermore, once the beam director is locked onto a target, the system is insensitive to target maneuvers. By tailoring the lase period to the threat, the effective P(k) of an HELWS is essentially 1. Using chemical energy as a primary power source removes the requirement for additional costly and heavy power generation equipment aboard ship. In the context of the foregoing arguments, cost per kill becomes a fraction of the cost of a two-round missile salvo. The technology required to field a shipboard HELWS has been demonstrated by the Navy Mid-InfraRed Advanced Chemical Laser (MIRACL) and the Sea Lite Beam Director (SLBD). Its success in bringing down a Mach 2.2 Vandal missile in 1989 was dramatic proof of the effectiveness of such a system. Recent studies have shown that the MIRACL/SLBD can be repackaged as a HELWS to fit into the equivalent volume occupied by a 5''154 Mk 45 gun mount

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COMBAT SYSTEM engineering - A RETURN TO FUNDAMENTALS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 61-69页

作者： MITTURA, A KARP, MS PE Andrew Mittura:is currently a senior program engineer with SYSCON Corp. He began his career in the Combat System Installation and Integration Office of NavSea in 1978. He has worked as a system engineer on the Seafire program at NSWCDD on the NATO Anti-air Warfare Program while at FMC Corporation and for the past four years on the Aegis Combat System with SYSCON. Current efforts include performance assessment studies of the Aegis combat system and combat system architecture and connectivity analysis. Mr. Mittura received a B.S. in electrical engineering from Penn State University in 1978 and an M.S. in engineering management from Catholic University of America in 1982. He is a licensed professional engineer with the State of Virginia. Mitchel S. Karp:cofounded K&K Software Engineering Inc. in February 1970. He is currently secretary/treasurer and senior system engineer. His involvement in combat systems began with NTDS in 1963. He has been involved in the Aegis Program since 1968 and has worked in all aspects of combat system development including computer programming tactical analysis software development and management. He has given several seminars on real-time software development and documentation. He currently is working under contracts to NSWCDD in the areas of combat system architecture and connectivity configuration management and documentation. Mr. Karp received a B.S. in engineering physics from Lehigh University in 1958.

The Navy's focus has shifted from global war scenarios to preparedness for the prospect of involvement in regional, littoral contingencies and conflicts. Operationally, shipboard personnel will need the ability to shift focus from the combat system multimission roles to that of only a single mission. From a development perspective, combat systems must accommodate a continual infusion of technology in a budget constrained environment. Combat system architecture is the single most important feature affecting combat system flexibility, from both an operational and developmental aspect. There is a fundamental partitioning of combat svstem functions into detect, command, and engage in a horizontal integration approach that enhances this needed flexibilitv. This fundamental partitioning is currently applied to individual weapon systems, but not to combat svstems as a whole. Instead, self-contained weapon systems are often developed and then vertically integrated to form a combat svstem, causing reduced flexibility. The battle organization is the principal driving requirement for combat system architecture. This paper shows that that the battle organization is best supported by a horizontally integrated combat system of detect, command, and engage. It concludes that a horizontally integrated combat svstem architecture of detect, command, and engage should be a candidate for future combat systems.

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BEST VALUE CONTRACTING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第6期105卷 59-68页

作者： ZACKS, MR DEMAS, TA Michael R. Zacks:attended Massachusetts Maritime Academy and received his bachelor of science in marine engineering degree in 1985. He is currently enrolled at the University of Maryland where he is working on a master's degree in general administration/financial management. Mr. Zacks is the assistant project manager for the Coastal Living Marine Resource Vessels in the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Fleet Modernization and Replacement Program Office. His current responsibilities encompass providing technical and management support for the procurement construction testing and delivery of these ships. His previous jobs included working for the Naval Sea Systems Command's (NavSea) Combat Support Ocean Research and Surveillance Program Office (PMS 383) Ship Design and Engineering Directorate's Surface Launched Weapons Branch (56W3) and Research Analysis and Management (RAM) Corporation. Thomas A. Demas:received a bachelor of science degree in civil engineering from Old Dominion University and a master's degree in business administration from Averett College. He is a recent graduate from the NavSea Commander's Development Program (CDP). Mr. Demas is the assistant project manager for the AGOR-23 24 25 and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's oceanographic research ships in NavSea's Combat Support Ocean Research and Surveillance Program Office. While participating in the CDP Mr. Demas worked in the following offices: OpNav OP321 as a FMP action officer CincPacFlt N43 as a maintenance officer ASN(RD&A) as director of maintenance and modernization and NavSea 56W14 as a branch head of closures and outfitting branch. Prior to the CDP he held a position with the Gas Turbine Surface Combatant Program Office as the West Coast project manager for DD-963 class destroyers. Before working for NavSea Mr. Demas was employed as a junior engineer with TRACOR and C-CUBED Corporation. His responsibilities included providing general systems engineering support to NavSea and the Nava

The best value concept is based on making decisions on an offeror's technical competence, proven past performance, management capability, life-cycle costs, and product quality. The evaluation of these factors should be structured to ensure consideration is given to determine the overall benefit associated with the offered price. This paper advocates using the best value concept as the method for developing and rating proposal evaluation factors for the procurement of new ships. It discusses methods for establishing evaluation factors, developing standards to evaluate, associated documentation, and weighting and scoring the factors. The information for this paper was obtained from personal interviews, hands-on experience developing and evaluating best value proposals, and documentation research. If properly executed, the best value concept will enable the Navy to improve ships while reducing operating costs.

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AN APPROACH TO TURN-KEY COMMUNICATIONS SUITES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 95-104页

作者： BIONDI, RJ KELLER, BA RISTY, D Roy J. Biondi:is deputy program manager for Ship and Shore Communications (PMW-J52A) at the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command (SpaWar). During his tenure at SpaWar he has had responsibility for managing the design acquisition integration installation and life cycle support of ship and shore naval communications systems. Before coming to SpaWar Mr. Biondi was head of the Combat Support Systems Integration Division (NavSea 61X1) of the Naval Sea Systems Command. While at the Naval Ship Engineering Center he was project engineer for the Naval Tactical Data System display system and the AN/SPS-48 radar eventually becoming the head of the Radar Branch in NavSEC/NavSea. He received his B.S.E.E. from the University of Illinois and did postgraduate work at the George Washington University. Barbara A. Keller:is the head of the New Construction (SCN) Ship Communications Design and Integration Branch (PMW-152–31) of SpaWar. She previously was head of the Combatant Ship Radio Communications System Design Branch. Ms. Keller has also served as radio communications system design manager for the DDG-51 class and she has held similar positions for the CVN-68 T-AO-187 and AOE-6 programs. She began her career at SpaWar in the Topside Design and Electromagnetic Effects Division (ELEX 832) after receiving her bachelor of chemical engineering from the University of Delaware. Upon employment with the Navy she completed a conversion program to electronics engineering through studies at the George Washington University. She received her M.B.A. from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Donald Risty:is a senior systems analyst at SEMCOR Inc. where he provides technical management support for shipboard communications programs. He has served as configuration management unit manager and DDG-51 Class Radio Communication System project manager. Mr. Risty came to SEMCOR from the NCR Corporation where he was an engineering writer. He received his B.S. in mathematics and English from the University of Cali

''Turn-Key'' is an innovative approach for the design, acquisition, integration, and installation of Radio Communications systems for new construction ships. It has been developed bv the Space and Naval Warfare systems Command (SpaWar) to cope with the growing problem of ships being delivered to the fleet with outdated or obsolete communications technology. The Turn-Kev approach provides botb performance and affordabilitv benerits. Under the traditional ship design process, the baseline configuration of the communications suite is effectivelv frozen 5-7 years before deliverv of the ship. In the current fixed price shipbuilding environment, the costs of engineering change proposals (ECPs) to implement communications suite design changes have become prohibitive. The design inflexibilitv created by these schedule and cost constraints affects the Navv's abilitv to implement communications technology advancements in new construction ships. At the point of delivery, most new construction ships alreadv have an inherent ''bow-wave of required communications subsystem/equipment upgrades which must be accomplished under the Fleet Modernization program. Under the turn-kev approach, the Navv assumes full responsibility for design, acquisition, land-based system integration, and (in some cases) shipboard installation and test of the communications suite. The shipbuilder provides necessarv electrical power, ventilation, and cooling services, based on established allocations. This approach greatly reduces the Navy's GFI requirements and ECP costs to the shipbuilder and therebv gains the design flexibilitv necessarv for incorporation of up-to-date communications technology prior to ship delivery. Since the shipbuilding ECP cost penalties associated with implementing communications technology upgrades are reduced, the turn-key approach enables performance improvements while providing affordabilitv benefits. The turn-key approach already has been used successfully for installation of

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SYSTEM CALIBRATION OF AUTOMATED MACHINERY CONTROLS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 125-136页

作者： MARSHALL, BR The Author:is the Metrology and Calibration Technologies Branch head at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC) Philadelphia Pa. formerly the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NavSSES). He received his BSEE from Drexel University in 1972 beginning his career at NavSSES as a shipboard vibration analysis project engineer. He then served as the station's material condition assessment program manager in support of various machinery health monitoring and diagnostic efforts. His current responsibilities include management of instrumentation logistics quality assurance and technical support to various NavSea and fleet programs and the operation of five in-house calibration laboratories which provide calibration and related services for all CDNSWC Philadelphia test sites and measurement equipment inventory.

Virtually every Navy engineering system includes measurement devices for operation and/or control. For these purposes, a large population of instruments has been installed in the fleet over the years. With the introduction of automated machinery control systems came certain operational difficulties which pointed to a need for improved support of all installed shipboard instrumentation. Control and measurement systems can comprise complex arrangements of components which operate as sensor-to-readout chains. To achieve necessary accuracies, these systems present challenges regarding alignment, calibration, and associated logistics. This paper discusses a successful, fleet-friendly effort which supports these requirements: the Shipboard Instrumentation and systems Calibration (SISCAL) program. The program provides an effective, uniform method to control and execute the ever-increasing instrument/system calibration requirements on Navy ships. As it evolved, the process resulted in unforeseen synergy and was expanded to include many ship classes and systems. The background leading to the development of this program is reviewed, and svstem application details are presented. Advantages to operators and support personnel are described, including improved system performance capability, standardization of calibration coverage and configuration management, reduction of organizational and intermediate level workload, and resolution of conflicts with other engineering documentation.

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