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SESSION NO 1 KEYNOTE ADDRESS - THE CHALLENGE OF DESIGN

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1981年第3期93卷 75-87页

作者： LISANBY, JW was born in Princeton Kentucky on 31 January 1928. He was commissioned Ensign in the U.S. Navy after graduation from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1950 and received his Advanced degree in Naval Engineering (Architecture) from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956. More recently he received additional training in the Harvard Business School's Management Training Program. He is an Engineering Duty Officer (ED) with wide and varied experience both at sea and in shore assignments. He has had sea duty aboard the USS Mississippi (AG-128) from 1950 to 1952 LST-887 from 1952 to 1953 and USS Antietam (CVS-36) from 1959 to 1961. Ashore he served as Ship Superintendent at the Charleston Naval Shipyard from 1956 to 1959 and as Assistant for Ship Material on the Staff of the Commander-in-Chief U.S. Atlantic Fleet from 1961 to 1963. In Washington DC he was Assistant for New Construction in the Cruiser and Destroyer Branch Naval Ship Systems Command from 1963 to 1965 and Head of the Procurement and Production Branch Fast Deployment Logistic Ship Project Office from 1965 to 1968. From 1968 to 1969 he was Director of Industrial Engineering in the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Logistics) and from 1969 to 1970 he served as Executive Assistant to the Commander Naval Ship Systems Command. In 1970 he reported as Supervisor of Shipbuilding at Pascagoula Miss. with contract administration responsibilities for both the DD 963 and the LHA 1 ship acquisitions. Returning to Washington in 1973 he completed a brief tour as Assistant for Ship Design in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations and then served as Project Manager for the LHA Class Amphibious Assault Ships with Headquarters in Washington DC from April 1974 until June 1977 at which time he assumed command of the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NA VSEC). With the merger of NA VSEC with its parent command the Naval Sea Systems Command on 1 October 1979 he assumed the duties of Deputy Commander for Ship Design and In

This paper provides a critical analysis of the U.S. Navy's ability to design effective warships relative to the threat we face. Influencing our ability to design are resources, organizational, and philosophical issues. The Russian Fleet is, by any standard, a formidable opponent dedicated to achieving naval superiority. In addition to the well documented differences in design philosophies, there exist fundamental dissimilarities in Russian innovation and their ability to introduce new technologies into an operational environment in comparison to our own conservative, often lengthy, process. We need to reevaluate. In the limit, our collective deteriorating will to design and build effective naval ships is adversely affecting our ability to accomplish the goals we need to achieve. A strengthening of our design resources must be coupled with a reassertion of will and strong technical leadership to revitalize the ship design process.

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USE OF COMMERCIAL SPECIFICATIONS IN THE SHIPBUILDING PROCESS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1981年第1期93卷 77-84页

作者： LISANBY, JW HAAS, J Rear Admiral James W. Lisanby USN: graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1950 at which time he received his B.S. degree and his commission as Ensign. Subseqeuntly he was ordered to Massachusetts Institute of Technology from which he received his advanced degree in Naval Engineering (Architecture) in 1956 and more recently additional training in the Harvard Business School's Management Training Program. An Engineering Duty Officer (ED) he has had wide experience in various assignments both afloat and ashore. From 1950 to 1952 he served in the USS Mississippi (AG-128) from 1952 to 1953 in the USS LST-887 and from 1959 to 1961 in the USS Antietam (CVS-36). Shore duty assignments have included Ship Superintendent at the Charleston Naval Shipyard (1956-59) Ship Material Officer Staff of Commander-in-Chief U.S. Atlantic Fleet (1961-63) Assistant for New Con struction in the Cruiser and Destroyer Branch (1963-65) at the former Naval Ship Systems Command (NA VSHIPS) Head of the Procurement and Production Branch Fast Deployment Logistic Ship Project Office (1965-68) Director of Industrial Engineering Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy-Installations and Logistics (1968-69) and Executive Assistant to the Commander NAVSHIPS (1969-70). He then reported as Supervisor of Shipbuilding at Pascagoula Miss. with contract administration responsibilities for both the DD 963 and LHA 1 Class ship acquisitions. Returning to Wash ington in 1973 he completed a brief tour as Assistant for Ship Design in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations and then served as Project Manager for the LHA Class of Amphibious Assault Ships (with headquarters in Washington D.C.) from 1974 until June 1977 at which time he assumed command of the former Naval Ship Engineering Center (NA VSEC). With the merger ofNA VSEC on 1 October 1979 with its parent com mand the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) he as sumed his present duties as Deputy Commander for Ship Design and Integration NA VSEA. Rear Admiral Lisanby has been activ

This paper describes the method used by the Navy in the acquisition of ships, with particular reference to the some 2,500 documents referenced directly in the process. For such documents, initially mostly military, a concerted effort is underway to substitute “commercial specifications” where feasible. A comparison is made between the processing of military documents and industry standards. The paper then goes into details of available Industry Documents for materials and small items, noting the general absence for large items of machinery and equipment (and a possible solution). The use of “off-the-shelf” equipment also is discussed as well as advantages and disadvantages of both methods of specifying requirements. Finally, the paper summarizes the alternatives: maximum use of industry standards (either directly or indirectly); use of Commercial Item Descriptions where feasible; and retention of military documents where necessary (mission-critical systems, where marine ruggedness is required, and for truly military applications).

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COMBAT SYSTEM TEST-FACTORY THROUGH SHIPBOARD

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 49-58页

作者： GALLAHUE, JS THE AUTHOR is the Department Manager of Combat Systems Engineering at Litton Industries. Data Systems Division. Prior to joining Litton Industries he was associated with UNIVAC. Since joining the Combat Systems Community in 1959. his assignments have included operational computer programming field engineering systems engineering equipment design proposal management test engineering. and programs management. In these varied roles he supported the NTDS R&D Program NTDS Service Test Program Interim Fleet Programming Center Pacific Anti-Submarine Warfare Ship Command and Control Systems SQS-26/NTDS/UBFCS Interface Design DD 963 Class LHA 1 Class. and the DDG 993 Class.

The required configuration management and the necessary control of the Surface Ship Combat System elements demand that they be considered as integrated and tested in accordance with an integrated test plan utilizing an integrated test organization. The sometimes used approach of implementing a combat system test program based upon the individual combat system elements being independent, has proven to be less than satisfactory. Then is no question that some of the early testing at the unit, subsystem, and subprogram levels can be planned and conducted independent of a specific “end-item” combat System. This paper addresses the planning and implementing of combat system test with the emphases being upon the integrated phase of test and primarily the lead ship of a class. Information is presented to facilitate planning and implementing a combat system test program including use of shore facilities and integrating these activities with shipboard activities; when to form the test organization and what types of expertise are required; what are the key technical management tools; the proofing of test documentation; the need for detailed “step-by-step” procedures and traceability of the specified requirements; how to assist Ships Force; planning and stat using the conduct of the tests; integrating computer program and special testing into the test program; and the significance of early decisions on administrative and contractual arrangements.

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CABLE BURIAL IN THE DEEP OCEAN-FLOOR

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 218-230页

作者： ROCKWELL, PK ENGEL, JH PIERCY, WB Mr. Philip K. Rockwell joined the Ocean Engineering Department at the Civil Engineering Laboratory (CEL) in 1969 after receiving his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Engineering from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and in 1973 won the WEPCOSE Scholarship which took him to the University of Washington for postgraduate studies in Fluid Power Control Systems. Since joining CEL he has specialized in Underwater Manipulator and Diver Tool Systems has been the Project Engineer and Navy certified submersible operator for the manned submersible NEMO and has been responsible for the design test and evaluation of submersible fluid power and fluid power control systems. His most recent efforts have been on the Deep Ocean Cable Burial System for which he has been responsible for concept development program management validation testing. and coordination and planning for the total system design and fabrication. Mr. Rockwell is an Engineer-in-Training (EIT) in the state of California and in 1979 was awarded the Meritorious Civil Service Award for his outstanding performance. Mr. John H. Engel Jr. is a Mechanical Engineer in the Construction Systems Division Ocean Engineering Department. of the Civil Engineering Laboratory. He is a graduate of Oregon State University for which he received both his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering. Prior to joining CEL in 1975 he was involved with the design and development of remote oceanographic devices for the School of Oceanography at Oregon State University. At CEL he has worked in the areas of Underwater Gas Generation and Buoyant Lift Systems and at the present time is responsible for the mechanical design of the shallow water mooring for the initial ocean tests of the Current Measurement System. Mr. Engle also is a registered Engineer-in-Training in the state of Oregon. Mr. William Bruce Piercy at the present time is a student at the University of California at Berkeley where he is studying for his M.S. degree in Engineering having received his B.S. degr

Bottom fishing equipment employed by scallopers and trawlers routinely damage or break important Navy Oceanographic cables resulting in substantial repair coats and unacceptable system interruption. The Civil engineering Laboratory (CEL), sponsored by the Naval Facilities engineering Command (NAVFACENGCOM), has been developing and validating an engineering concept for a Deep Ocean Cable Burial (DOCB) System. This DOCB System will providethe Navy with an efficient, effective and reliable means of burying cables 3-feet deap in ocean mediments, at speeds not less than one knot, to water depths of 6,000 feet. The DOCB System b a remotely controlled machine which underruns and buries existing (previously laid) cables. It is powered and controlled from a surface ship via an electromechanical umbilica cable. The machine is self-propelled by ducted thrusters and supported on water lubricated skids. The excavation system computer an orbital vibrating plowshareand a vertical waterjet. Full-scale field testing at CEL baa keyed on three areas: •. Quantifying the reduction in drawbar force achieved by applying orbital vibration to an upward cutting plowshare. •. Evaluating a Vertically impinging jet nozzle for depth of a cut M a function of jet operating parameters. •. Demonstrating the effect on the soil drag of a flat-bottomed skid due to forcing a thin layer of water between the skid and the seafloor. The field teats of an orbital vibratory plow were performed in a 1 to 2 psi clay simllar to that found on the ocean floor. The results showed that a 70% reduction in drawbar force was achieved by applying an elliptical orbital vibration. It was also shown that the vibration feature would split or push aside buried rocks which would have stalled a conventional stationary plow. The water jet tests demonstrated that a 2 1/2-in. nozzle cuts 36-in. deep in 1 to 2 psi clay. The nozzle pressure was 75 psi and flow was 1,200 gpm. The water jet did not produce a clearly defined trench, b

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INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN OF MARINE TURBINES USING INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the Interactive Graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine Department (engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using Interactive Graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam Department are outlined.

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COMPARATIVE NAVAL ARCHITECTURE ANALYSIS OF NATO AND SOVIET FRIGATES .2.

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第6期92卷 84-93页

作者： KEHOE, JW GRAHAM, C BROWER, KS MEIER, HA USN Capt. James W. Kehoe Jr. USNreceived his U.S. Navy commission in 1952 after receiving his B.S. degree in Mathematics from Stonehill College in Massachusetts. and subsequently he attended the Sun Diego State College from which he received his M.A. degree in Education. His sea duty assignments have included three Destroyers most recently as Commanding Officer. USS John R. Pierce (DD-743).and three Aircraft Carriers. most recently as Engineer Officer in theUSS Wasp (CVS-18).Ashore he has had duty in the Navy's Nuclear Weapons Program the POLARIS Missile Program and as an Instructor in Project Management. Currently he is the Director Comparative Naval Architecture Program in the Naval Sea Systems Command. Capt. Kehoe has been a member of ASNE since 1974 and has authored two technical papers on U.S. and Soviet ship design practices which were published in theU.S. Naval Institute Proceedingsand theNaval Engineers Journal. Cdr. Clark Graham USNbetter known as “Corky.” graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1964 and subsequently received his Ph. D. degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1969. Currently. he is assigned to the Naval Sea Systems Command as the DDGX Ship Design Manager. Previous to this assignment. he was the NAVSEA Cruiser Project Manager Representative and SUPSHIP Newport News Project Officer for Nuclear Cruisers. He has served in three combatant ships including the Guided Missile CruiserUSS Gridley (CG-21)as Engineer Officer. He has had a tour of duty at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center as a Ship Design Manager and as Director U.S./Soviet Comparative Ship Design Study. During his duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OP-96). he was the Technical Assistant for the Advanced Naval Vehicles Concept Evaluation. In addition. Cdr. Graham has taught Ship Design in the Naval Construction and Engineering Curriculum at MIT. and recently he developed a course in Comparative Naval Ship Design for the MIT Professional Summer Program. He has had over 15 Techn

This paper is a report of a comparative naval architecture analysis of United States, Canadian, French, Netherlands, German, British, and Soviet Frigates. The investigation covered general arrangements, weapons and sensors, survivability, intact and damaged stability, manning and personnel support (all of which me discussed in PART I), and hull form, propulsion, speed range, sea keeping, ship size, and future growth capability (to be published in PART II). Weapons and sensors were only addressed in terms of their impact on the weight and volume of the ship. The actual military effectiveness of each Frigate was not assessed.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT CARRIER DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 71-85页

作者： REIN, RJ RYAN, JC USN (RET.) Cdr. Robert J. Rein USN (Ret.)currently is the Director of Naval Support Systems for the Columbia Research Corporation Washington D. C. At the time this paper was presented he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving as the Ship Design Manager for the CVV Naval Sea Systems Command. Prior to that his duty assignments included Deputy Program Manager for the Sea Control Ship Assistant Ship Material Officer. Staff of Commander Naval Air Force U.S. Pacific Fleet and Type Desk Officer for Cruisers/Destroyers and New Construction (CG 30) at the former Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard. He is a graduate of General Motors Institute an accredited private college sponsored by the General Motors Corporation: the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. Calif.: and the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir. Va. Additionally. he has had extensive postgraduate study in Systems Management at The George Washington University. Cdr. Rein is extremely active in his support of professional engineering societies and as a member of ASNE since 1964 has been responsible for the founding of ASNE Local Sections on the west coast and presently is serving as the Society's National Assistant Secretary-Treasurer. In addition he also was the creator and coordinator for the highly successful. Society sponsored Symposium “Aircraft Carriers — Present and Future.”which was held in October 1976 at the U.S. Grant Hotel. San Diego. Calif. and was the first such Symposium jointly sponsored by an Operating Fleet command and a professional society. Mr. J. Christopher Ryanreceived his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in 1967 and his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. His initial work experience was at Litton Ship Systems where he was associated primarily with the general arrangements development of the DD 963 Class design. Subsequently. he was employed at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center with work as

Since the signing of the Contract Design Plane for the CVN 68 (the U.S. Navy's latest Class of Aircraft Carriers) In 1963, considerable technological advances have been made in Naval Ship Design. This paper provides specific examples of how new technology has affected traditional Carrier design practices and techniques, and also indicates areas where future advanced technology will be needed. It is divided into four sections: 1) Computer Design Application; 2) Total Ship Energy Conservation Analysis; 3) Advances in Structural Design; and 4) Impact of V/STOL Aircraft. The increased use of the computer to define ship characteristics in the initial stage of ship design is discussed, followed by a report on efforts to include energy conservation as an integral part of the design process. The energy conservation approach uses traditional analytical techniques to develop innovative design configurations that will achieve energy savings. Of the many advances in Carrier structural design, two specific examples are given: 1) Elimination of the infamous “knee-knockers” (high sills in passageway openings) common to Gallery Deck structure, and 2) Successful attempts at reducing the thickness of aircraft elevator platforms. The paper concludes by pointing out some possible challenges facing the ship designer and some of the technology already created by the expected introduction of advanced design Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft.

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U.S. SHIPBUILDING: THE SEVENTIES IN RETROSPECT —THE PROSPECTS FOR THE EIGHTIES

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第4期92卷 25-38页

作者： FISHER, JAMES R. COADY, PHILIP USN Capt. James Ronald Fisher USN is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy. Class of 1958. has his M.A. degree in Management and is an Engineering Duty Officer (ED). He has served in a Destroyer and four Attack and Fleet Ballistic Missile Submarines as Training Officer of the Nuclear Propulsion Unit. West Milton N. Y. and at the Charleston Naval Shipyard where he also was the Chairman of the ASNE Charleston Section. He was ordered to the National Defense University from duty in the Industrial Management Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). and has just recently been reassigned to the Submarine Platform Directorate at NA VSEA. Cdr. Philip Coady USN is a graduate of Tufts University from which he received his A.B. degree in 1963 and also the Naval Postgraduate School. Monterey. Calif. from which he received his M.S. degree in 1972. His sea experience has been predominently in Destroyers. most recently as Executive Officer of the USS Claude V. Ricketts (DDG-S) and has had two tours in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OP-090) his latest being that of Special Assistant for Financial Management to the Director of Navy Program Planning (OP-090). Currently he is under orders to assume command of the USS Conolly (DD-979).

This paper reviews the recent turbulent history of the U.S. Shipbuilding Industry, its present status, and its prospects for the decade ahead. The Authors suggest that current maritime policy and the trend of market f...

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DD-963 CLASS COMBAT SYSTEM INSTALLATION AND TESTING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第1期91卷 33-41页

作者： DUKE, WL The Author is General Manager-Ship Electronic Systems with Litton Data Systems Division. Pascagoula Mississippi. He has been directly associated with the DD 963 Class combat system development in senior engineering and program management assignments continuously since before the contract definition phase began in 1968. He received both his BS and MS degrees in electrical engineering from Stanford University and prior to joining Litton was associated with the Hughes Aircraft Company and Rockwell International's Autonetics Division. Earlier in his career he served as a naval officer with the Polaris Special Projects Office and as Navigator and Electronics Officer in the USS Turner Joy lDD-951).

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MK-92 FIRE-CONTROL SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第4期91卷 69-76页

作者： RYAN, FN BERLIN, J Mr. Floyd N. Ryan graduated from Frostburg State College and has performed graduate studies in Technology of Management at American University and University of Southern California. He is presently Executive Director of the Surface Missile Systems Sub-Group in the Naval Sea Systems Command. He was previously Deputy Project Manager of the MK-92 FCS/MK-75 Gun Project Deputy Systems Engineering Manager in the AEGIS Project and Surface Missile Systems Branch Head in the Naval Ordnance Systems Command. His earlier experience with the Department of the Navy included the Engineering Interface Management Office in the Bureau of Ships the Foreign Ship Systems Engineering Office and Switching Systems Design Office at RCA Service Company and he served for four years in the U.S. Navy as an Electronic Technician Petty Officer. In addition to ASNE he is a member of the Association of Scientists and Engineers and is the Executive Director (NAVSEA) for the 1978-79 term. In addition to several outstanding performance awards and citations for achievement Mr. Ryan received the Navy Meritorious Civilian Service Award for exceptional contribution to the development of the AEGIS Weapon System. Mr. Jack Berlin received his Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from the City College of New York and his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Columbia University. He spent eight years in the Radar and Microwave Electronics Section of the Naval Material Laboratory. Subsequently. he has had extensive experience in Radar and Fire Control Systems. This has included responsibility for the design and field evaluation of the GFCS MK 87 Radar. From 1972 to 1973 he was the Sperry Program Manager for the Fire Control System (FCS) MK 92. His current assignment is Assistant Manager for New Developments of Missile and Gun Fire Control Systems for the U.S. Navy. He is a member of the Tau Beta Pi and Eta Kappa Nu Honorary Societies.

The MK 92 Fire Control System (FCS) & a new, integrated, highly reliable and light-weight U.S. Navy Fire Control System for missile and gun control. This system, which is in production for the FFG, PCG, PGG and PHM Ship Classes, provides the detection and automation required for modern naval warfare. Search radar data & presented at a very high rate at the operator's console, a highly integrated man-machine interface. Utilization of monopulse and “track-while-scan” techniques result in multiple target tracking capability. The system console(s) offer a self-contained command and control capability and, in addition, standard digital computer channels provide the versatile interface with the ship's command and control, integrating the complete engagement process. Error cancellation techniques are employed to obtain high performance accuracy even under severe environmental conditions. The low manning requirement for both operation and maintenance is a key system attribute for all applications. Comprehensive “at-sea” evaluations, performed by the U.S. Navy, demonstrated successful system operation in all modes of surveillance, multi-target tracking and simultaneous missile and gun engagements. The “at-sea” performance record of the FCS MK 92 was cited by the Chief of Naval Operations to have established new standards for Naval Surface Weapons systems.

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