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arXiv 2019年

作者： Jing, Elise DeDeo, Simon Wright, Devin Robert Ahn, Yong-Yeol Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University Bloomington United States Social and Decision Sciences Dietrich College Carnegie Mellon University United States Sirius XM United States Cognitive Science Program Indiana University Bloomington United States Indiana University Network Science Institute Indiana University Bloomington United States

Cultural evolution is driven by how we choose what to consume and share with others. A common belief is that the cultural artifacts that succeed are ones that balance novelty and conventionality. This balance theory suggests that people prefer works that are familiar, but not so familiar as to be boring;novel, but not so novel as to violate the expectations of their genre. We test this idea using a large dataset of fanfiction. We apply a multiple regression model and a generalized additive model to examine how the recognition a work receives varies with its novelty, estimated through a Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model, in the context of existing works. We find the opposite pattern of what the balance theory predicts—overall success decline almost monotonically with novelty and exhibits a U-shaped, instead of an inverse U-shaped, curve. This puzzle is resolved by teasing out two competing forces: sameness attracts the mass whereas novelty provides enjoyment. Taken together, even though the balance theory holds in terms of expressed enjoyment, the overall success can show the opposite pattern due to the dominant role of sameness to attract the audience. Under these two "forces", cultural evolution may have to work against inertia—the appetite for consuming the familiar—and may resemble a punctuated equilibrium, marked by occasional leaps. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large dataset

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A Robust Ensemble Algorithm for Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation: Generalizability and Clinical Utility Beyond the ISLES Challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： de la Rosa, Ezequiel Reyes, Mauricio Liew, Sook-Lei Hutton, Alexandre Wiest, Roland Kaesmacher, Johannes Hanning, Uta Hakim, Arsany Zubal, Richard Valenzuela, Waldo Robben, David Sima, Diana M. Anania, Vincenzo Brys, Arne Meakin, James A. Mickan, Anne Broocks, Gabriel Heitkamp, Christian Gao, Shengbo Liang, Kongming Zhang, Ziji Siddiquee, Md Mahfuzur Rahman Myronenko, Andriy Ashtari, Pooya Van Huffel, Sabine Jeong, Hyun-Su Yoon, Chi-Ho Kim, Chulhong Huo, Jiayu Ourselin, Sebastien Sparks, Rachel Clèrigues, Albert Oliver, Arnau Lladó, Xavier Chalcroft, Liam Pappas, Ioannis Bertels, Jeroen Heylen, Ewout Moreau, Juliette Hatami, Nima Frindel, Carole Qayyum, Abdul Mazher, Moona Puig, Domenec Lin, Shao-Chieh Juan, Chun-Jung Hu, Tianxi Boone, Lyndon Goubran, Maged Liu, Yi-Jui Wegener, Susanne Kofler, Florian Ezhov, Ivan Shit, Suprosanna Hernandez Petzsche, Moritz R. Menze, Bjoern Kirschke, Jan S. Wiestler, Benedikt Department of Quantitative Biomedicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Informatics Technical University Munich Germany Icometrix Leuven Belgium ARTORG Center for Biomedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Bern University of Bern Switzerland University of Bern Bern Switzerland Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California United States University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Inselspital Bern Switzerland University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Hospital Bern Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Diagnostic and Interventional neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg Germany Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Institute for Health Sciences Nijmegen Netherlands Deepwise AI Lab Beijing China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Bejing China School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence Arizona State University TempeAZ United States NVIDIA Santa ClaraCA United States STADIUS Center for Dynamical Systems Signal Processing and Data Analytics KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Pohang Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King’s College London United Kingdom Institute of Computer Vision and Robotics University of Girona Spain Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging University College London London United Kingdom Laboratory of Neuro Imaging Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles United States KU Leuven Leuven Belgium CREATIS Université Lyon1 CNRS UMR5220 INSERM U1206 INSA-Lyon Villeurbanne696

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is essential for stroke diagnosis, treatment decisions, and prognosis. However, image and disease variability hinder the development of generalizable AI algorithms with clinical value. We address this gap by presenting a novel ensemble algorithm derived from the 2022 Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation (ISLES) challenge. ISLES’22 provided 400 patient scans with ischemic stroke from various medical centers, facilitating the development of a wide range of cutting-edge segmentation algorithms by the research community. By assessing them against a hidden test set, we identified strengths, weaknesses, and potential biases. Through collaboration with leading teams, we combined top-performing algorithms into an ensemble model that overcomes the limitations of individual solutions. Our ensemble model combines the individual algorithms’ strengths and achieved superior ischemic lesion detection and segmentation accuracy (median Dice score: 0.82, median lesion-wise F1 score: 0.86) on our internal test set compared to individual algorithms. This accuracy generalized well across diverse image and disease variables. Furthermore, the model excelled in extracting clinical biomarkers like lesion types and affected vascular territories. Notably, in a Turing-like test, neuroradiologists consistently preferred the algorithm’s segmentations over manual expert efforts, highlighting increased comprehensiveness and precision. Validation using a real-world external dataset (N=1686) confirmed the model’s generalizability (median Dice score: 0.82, median lesion-wise F1 score: 0.86). The algorithm’s outputs also demonstrated strong correlations with clinical scores (admission NIHSS and 90-day mRS) on par with or exceeding expert-derived results, underlining its clinical relevance. This study offers two key findings. First, we present an ensemble algorithm that detects and segments ischemic stroke lesions on DWI across diverse scenarios on par with expert (neuro)rad

关键词： Diagnosis

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Author Correction: A policy-driven framework for conserving the best of Earth's remaining moist tropical forests

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Nature ecology & evolution 2024年第12期8卷 2336页

作者： Andrew J Hansen Patrick Burns Jamison Ervin Scott J Goetz Matthew Hansen Oscar Venter James E M Watson Patrick A Jantz Anne L S Virnig Kevin Barnett Rajeev Pillay Scott Atkinson Christina Supples Susana Rodríguez-Buritica Dolors Armenteras Department of Ecology Montana State University Bozeman MT USA. hansen@montana.edu. School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA. United Nations Development Programme New York NY USA. Department of Geographical Sciences University of Maryland College Park MD USA. Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Institute University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada. Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia. Global Conservation Program Wildlife Conservation Society New York NY USA. Department of Ecology Montana State University Bozeman MT USA. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Bogotá Colombia. Departamento de Biología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia.

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Performance Evaluation of Apache Hadoop Benchmarks under a Dynamic Checkpointing Mechanism

Performance Evaluation of Apache Hadoop Benchmarks under a D...

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Computer Science Society (SCCC) International Conference Chilean FLAGGED

作者： Paulo Vinicius Cardoso Patricia Pitthan Barcelos Post Graduation Program in Informatics Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil Computing Systems Laboratory Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781538692349;9781538692332

The increasingly robust High Performance computing (HPC) systems have promoted many researches on fault tolerance mechanisms. However, the efficiency of these techniques is an important challenge, as the data and resources demand is also getting higher. in this work, we presents how the framework Apache Hadoop implements the Checkpoint and Recovery technique for fault tolerance providing on its distributed file system (Hadoop Distributed File System). The demand of large amounts of data from all applications supported by Hadoop framework can compromise the mechanism efficiency, once its configurations attributes are defined statically. So we present a dynamic configuration mechanism to checkpoint for Apache Hadoop through a resource monitoring, whose goal is to make the Hadoop checkpoint adaptable. The proposed mechanism is then evaluated and submitted to performance tests.

关键词： Cluster computing Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Monitoring Heart beat File systems

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Speech Emotion Recognition using Convolutional Neural Network with Audio Word-based Embedding

Speech Emotion Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networ...

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International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing

作者： Kun-Yi Huang Chung-Hsien Wu Qian-Bei Hong Ming-Hsiang Su Yuan-Rong Zeng Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan PhD Program for Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538656280;9781538656273

A complete emotional expression typically contains a complex temporal course in a natural conversation. Related research on utterance-level, segment-level and multi-level processing lacks understanding of the underlying relation of emotional speech. In this work, a convolutional neural network (CNN) with audio word-based embedding is proposed for emotion modeling. In this study, vector quantization is first applied to convert the low level features of each speech frame into audio words using k-means algorithm. Word2vec is adopted to convert an input speech utterance into the corresponding audio word vector sequence. Finally, the audio word vector sequences of the training emotional speech data with emotion annotation are used to construct the CNN- based emotion model. The NCKU-ES database, containing seven emotion categories: happiness, boredom, anger, anxiety, sadness, surprise and disgust, was collected and five-fold cross validation was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed CNN-based method for speech emotion recognition. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieved an emotion recognition accuracy of 82.34%, improving by 8.7% compared to the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)- based method, which faced the challenging issue of long input sequence. Comparing with raw features, the audio word-based embedding achieved an improvement of 3.4% for speech emotion recognition.

关键词： Emotion recognition Feature extraction Speech recognition Acoustics Training Databases Neural networks

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Syncgan: Synchronize the Latent Spaces of Cross-Modal Generative Adversarial Networks

Syncgan: Synchronize the Latent Spaces of Cross-Modal Genera...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Wen-Cheng Chen Chien-Wen Chen Min-Chun Hu Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica Taiwan

Generative adversarial network (GAN) has achieved impressive success on cross-domain generation, but it faces difficulty in cross-modal generation due to the lack of a common distribution between heterogeneous data. Most existing methods of conditional based cross-modal GANs adopt the strategy of one-directional transfer and have achieved preliminary success on text-to-image transfer. Instead of learning the transfer between different modalities, we aim to learn a synchronous latent space representing the cross-modal common concept. A novel network component named synchronizer is proposed in this work to judge whether the paired data is synchronous/corresponding or not, which can constrain the latent space of generators in the GANs. Our GAN model, named as SyncGAN, can successfully generate synchronous data (e.g., a pair of image and sound) from identical random noise. For transforming data from one modality to another, we recover the latent code by inverting the mappings of a generator and use it to generate data of different modality. In addition, the proposed model can achieve semi-supervised learning, which makes our model more flexible for practical applications.

关键词： Synchronization Gallium nitride Generators Data models Training Generative adversarial networks Training data

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Exploring Macroscopic Fluctuation of Facial Expression for Mood Disorder Classification

Exploring Macroscopic Fluctuation of Facial Expression for M...

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Asian Conference on Affective computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII Asia)

作者： Qian-Bei Hong Chung-Hsien Wu Ming-Hsiang Su Kun-Yi Huang Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica Tainan Taiwan Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538653128

In clinical diagnosis of mood disorder, a large portion of bipolar disorder patients (BDs) are misdiagnosed as unipolar depression (UDs). Clinicians have confirmed that BDs generally show "reduced affect'' during clinical treatment. Thus, it is expected to build an objective and one-time diagnosis system for diagnosis assistance by using machine-learning techniques. In this study, facial expressions of BD, UD and control group (C) elicited by emotional video clips are collected for exploring temporal fluctuation characteristics of intensities of facial muscles expression among the three groups. The differences of facial expressions among mood disorders are investigated by observing macroscopic fluctuations. To deal with these problems, the corresponding methods for feature extraction and modeling are proposed. From the viewpoint of macroscopic facial expression, action unit (AU) is applied for describing the temporal transformation of muscles. Then, modulation spectrum is used for extracting short-term variation of AU. The multilayer perceptron (MLP)-based disorder prediction model is then applied to obtain the prediction results. For evaluation of the proposed method, 12 subjects for three group are included in the K-fold (K=12) cross validation experiments. The experiment results reached 61.1% classification accuracy, and outperformed the other baseline methods.

关键词： Mood Gold Fluctuations Databases Feature extraction Modulation Predictive models

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LSTM-based Text Emotion Recognition Using Semantic and Emotional Word Vectors

LSTM-based Text Emotion Recognition Using Semantic and Emoti...

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Asian Conference on Affective computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII Asia)

作者： Ming-Hsiang Su Chung-Hsien Wu Kun-Yi Huang Qian-Bei Hong Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538653128

This study proposes a long-short term memory (LSTM)-based approach to text emotion recognition based on semantic word vector and emotional word vector of the input text. For each word in an input text, the semantic word vector is extracted from the word 2vec model. Besides, each lexical word is projected to all the emotional words defined in an affective lexicon to derive an emotional word vector. An autoencoder is then adopted to obtain the bottleneck features from the emotional word vector for dimensionality reduction. The autoencoder bottleneck features are then concatenated with the features in the semantic word vector to form the final textual features for emotion recognition. Finally, given the textual feature sequence of the entire sentence, the LSTM is used for emotion recognition by modeling the contextual emotion evolution of the input text. For evaluation, the NLPCC-MHMC-TE database containing seven emotion categories: anger, boredom, disgust, anxiety, happiness, sadness, and surprise was constructed and used. Five-fold cross-validation was employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed LSTM-based method achieved a recognition accuracy of 70.66%, improving 5.33% compared with the CNN-based method. Besides, the proposed method based on integration of the semantic word vector and emotional word vector of the input text outperformed that using the individual feature vector.

关键词： Emotion recognition Databases Logic gates Feature extraction Semantics Speech recognition Computer science

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StBlocks: Visual programming for data structures 18

StBlocks: Visual programming for data structures

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18th Annual Conference on Information Technology Education, SIGITE 2017

作者： Almanza, Daniel F. Del Toro, Manuel F. Urrego, Ricardo A. Feijóo, Pedro G. De La Rosa, Fernando Program of Systems Engineering Universidad El Bosque Bogotá D.C. Colombia Systems and Computing Engineering Department Universidad de los Andes Bogotá D.C. Colombia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450351003

The Data Structures course is common in systems Engineering and Computer Science programs, providing a fundamental basis for professional training in these disciplines. This course presents a great pedagogical challenge, due to the high complexity in the algorithms studied and the levels of abstraction that it requires. Considering that the traditional pedagogical approach is sometimes not adequate to ease understanding of the structures covered in the course, we propose the development of DStBlocks as a playful and visual tool for the design and programming of data structures. Through this document we emphasize the context to be intervened and the problem to be solved, indicating the progress corresponding to the project. At the end we present the work which will be held in a near future, indicating how we are going to measure learning variables according to the project's objectives. © 2017 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Data structures

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Author Correction: The high-dimensional space of human diseases built from diagnosis records and mapped to genetic loci

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Nature computational science 2023年第7期3卷 658页

作者： Gengjie Jia Yu Li Xue Zhong Kanix Wang Milton Pividori Rabab Alomairy Aniello Esposito Hatem Ltaief Chikashi Terao Masato Akiyama Koichi Matsuda David E Keyes Hae Kyung Im Takashi Gojobori Yoichiro Kamatani Michiaki Kubo Nancy J Cox James Evans Xin Gao Andrey Rzhetsky Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China. jiagengjie@***. Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Computer Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong People's Republic of China. Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN US. Department of Medicine Institute of Genomics and Systems Biology Committee on Genomics Genetics and Systems Biology University of Chicago Chicago IL US. Department of Operations Business Analytics and Information Systems University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH US. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA US. Extreme Computing Research Center Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia. HPE HPC/AI EMEA Research Laboratory Bristol UK. RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan. Clinical Research Center Shizuoka General Hospital Shizuoka Japan. Department of Applied Genetics The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan. Department of Ophthalmology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan. Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. Biological and Environmenta

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