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15th International Conference Elektro, ELEKTRO 2024

作者： Brtis, Jozef Zdansky, Juraj Pirnik, Rastislav University of Žilina Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Department of Control and Information Systems Žilina Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372359

The paper deals with the design and implementation of safety functions for a CNC milling machine. It is a relatively small CNC milling machine that does not pose a great danger to trained persons. Because it is used in areas where even untrained persons can come into contact with it, it was necessary to implement a safety system that implements safety functions preventing accidents when entering the dangerous zone of the CNC milling machine. The safety system is implemented based on a safety PLC and the sensors are designed using a two-channel architecture to meet the required SIL (safety integrity level). © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Security systems

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Ensuring Correct Relay Protection Functioning in Transient Modes With Saturation of Current Transformers 7

Ensuring Correct Relay Protection Functioning in Transient M...

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7th International Scientific and Technical Conference Relay Protection and Automation, RPA 2024

作者： Panashchatenko, A.V. Yablokov, A.A. Department of Electric Power Systems Automatic Control Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Ivanovo Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331501105

Electromagnetic current transformers, invented more than 100 years ago, are today the most widespread type of preliminary current converters, used in organizing metrological channels for commercial and technical electricity metering, measuring and relay protection systems. Despite their relatively simple design and modest price, today the question of using unconventional preliminary current converters (Rogowski coils, optical transformers, galvanic-magnetic sensors) is being increasingly raised [1]. This situation is due to the shortcomings of electromagnetic current transformers (CT): large weight and dimensions), explosion and fire hazard, and also saturation of their magnetic conductor in transient modes with the presence of an aperiodic component in short circuiting (SC) current. The phenomenon of saturation leads to significant distortion of the transmitted secondary signal, which in turn may become the cause of overprotection with external SC or delayed protection with internal SC. Russian and international practice in coordinating CT characteristics and relay protection requirements presuppose ensuring correct operation of relay protection systems not only in steady, but also in transient modes with possible saturation of CT magnetic conductors [2]-[5]. At present, testing the correct operation of relay protection and automation devices (RPAD) in transient modes is carried out using the CT saturation time, which under the specific conditions of the location of the CT should be more than the exact current conversion time required for correct operation of the connected RPAD. This time is calculated by special approved methods [2]. Such use of two extreme CT magnetic conductor conditions (saturated/unsaturated), without regard to the current waveform itself may lead to significant inaccuracies in evaluating the correctness of RPAD operation. Fig 1 shows two instances of saturation in one and the same CT in different operating conditions and with the same time be

关键词： Relay protection

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Multiagent Consensus over Time-Invariant and Time-Varying Signed Digraphs via Eventual Positivity

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2023年第9期68卷 5429-5444页

作者： Fontan, Angela Wang, Lingfei Hong, Yiguang Shi, Guodong Altafini, Claudio Linköping University Division of Automatic Control Department of Electrical Engineering LinköpingSE-58183 Sweden KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems StockholmSE-10044 Sweden Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Tongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai201804 China University of Sydney Australian Center for Field Robotics School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering SydneyNSW2008 Australia

Laplacian dynamics on signed digraphs have a richer behavior than those on nonnegative digraphs. In particular, for the so-called 'repelling' signed Laplacians, the marginal stability property (needed to achieve consensus) is not guaranteed a priori and, even when it holds, it does not automatically lead to consensus, as these signed Laplacians may lose rank even in strongly connected digraphs. Furthermore, in the time-varying case, instability can occur even when switching in a family of systems each of which corresponds to a marginally stable signed Laplacian with the correct corank. In this article, we present novel conditions for achieving consensus on signed digraphs based on the property of eventual positivity, a Perron-Frobenius (PF) type of property for signed matrices. The conditions we develop cover both time-invariant and time-varying cases. A particularly simple sufficient condition, valid in both cases, is that the Laplacians are normal matrices. Such condition can be relaxed in several ways. For instance, in the time-invariant case it is enough that the Laplacian has this PF property on the right side, but not on the left side (i.e., on the transpose). For the time-varying case, convergence to consensus can be guaranteed by the existence of a common Lyapunov function for all the signed Laplacians. All conditions can be easily extended to bipartite consensus. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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Event-triggered control of nonlinear systems under deception and Denial-of-Service attacks 63

Event-triggered control of nonlinear systems under deception...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Seifullaev, Ruslan Teixeira, Andre M. H. Ahlen, Anders Uppsala University Division of Systems and Control Department of Information Technology Sweden Uppsala University Division of Signals and Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

We address the problem of event-triggered networked control of nonlinear systems under simultaneous deception and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. By DoS attacks, we refer to disruptions in the communication channel that prevent sensor measurements from reaching the controller. When the system undergoes a deception attack, the controller receives a modified output, deviating from the sensor's original measurement. We implement the input delay approach and the Lyapunov-Krasovskii technique to obtain sufficient conditions, expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), that characterize the duration of the DoS interruptions under which input-to-state stability (ISS) of the closed-loop system is preserved. Furthermore, we explore scenarios involving simultaneous attacks, where the DoS is modeled as a stochastic Bernoulli process. The closed-loop system is then considered as a stochastic impulsive system. In a similar manner, we derive conditions to ensure mean-square ISS for this case. A numerical example illustrates the efficiency of the results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Filtering in Projection-based Integrators for Improved Phase Characteristics 63

Filtering in Projection-based Integrators for Improved Phase...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Chu, Hoang Van Den Eijnden, S.J.A.M. Heertjes, M.F. Heemels, W.P.M.H. Eindhoven University of Technology Control Systems Technology Section Dept. Mechanical Engineering Netherlands Asml Mechatronics & Measurements Systems Veldhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Projection-based integrators are effectively employed in high-precision systems with growing industrial success. By utilizing a projection operator, the resulting projection-based integrator keeps its input-output pair within a designated sector set, leading to unique freedom in control design that can be directly translated into performance benefits. This paper aims to enhance projection-based integrators by incorporating well-crafted linear filters directly into its structure, resulting in a new class of projected integrators that includes the earlier ones, such as the hybrid-integrator gain systems (HIGS), as special cases. The extra design freedom in the form of two filters in the input paths to the projection operator and the internal dynamics allows the controller to break away from the inherent limitations of a linear control design. The enhanced performance properties of the proposed structure are formally demonstrated through i) a describing function analysis, ii) mitigation of the gain-loss problem (occurring in, e.g., HIGS), and iii) numerical case studies showcasing improved time-domain properties. The describing function analysis is supported by rigorously showing incremental properties of the new filtered projection-based integrators, thereby guaranteeing the steady-state responses to be unique and asymptotically stable. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Describing functions

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Processing Signals in Digital Current Measuring Transformers to Quickly Obtain the Vector for RPA Purposes

Processing Signals in Digital Current Measuring Transformers...

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2024 International Conference on Industrial engineering, Applications and Manufacturing, ICIEAM 2024

作者： Lebedev, Vladimir D. Grigorev, Denis G. Kuzmina, Nataliya V. Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Department Of Electric Power Systems Automatic Control Ivanovo Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395013

In the development of secondary systems of stations and substations, including relay protection, automation, control, electric power metering and other features, there have recently been qualitative changes related to the introduction of digital technologies. The introduction of digital technologies is supported by innovative development programmes such as «Digital Transformation 2030». The essence of introducing digital technologies is related to the use of digital data transmission channels according to common standards. 'Digital substation' projects are being actively implemented with transmission of digital information at all levels, starting with primary equipment, including transmission of information, both from current and voltage measuring transformers, and switchgear. Currently, digital measuring transformers are being actively developed and beginning to be introduced, in which information on measured current and voltage is presented in a digital code. New approaches to measuring primary current and voltage, and the transmission of information pose new challenges and open up new prospects of improving signals processing methods used for relay protection purposes. This determines the relevance of the objective of our research - developing and studying approaches to the digital processing of signals in digital current and voltage measuring transformers. As a result, the approach to determining synchronized values of current vectors was studied by processing information obtained from primary current converters. The characteristics of the algorithm for obtaining the vector were analyzed, and the dependences of errors on the influence of distorting factors were plotted. The proposed approach to obtaining the vector is a development of the existing approach by obtaining information from current sensors operating on different physical principles. The study shows the advantages of the proposed method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Relay protection

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Voltage and power control for distributed generation units in islanded microgrids 6th

Voltage and power control for distributed generation units i...

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6th International Conference on Renewable Energies Offshore, RENEW 2024

作者： Rouch, T. Bagheri M’zoughi, F. Aboutalebi, P. Ahmad, I. Garrido, A.J. Garrido, I. Institute of Research and Development of Processes—IIDP Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao University of the Basque Country Bilbao Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781032905570

This article presents an optimized control strategy tailored for DC islanded microgrids, featuring a voltage controller based on mixed H2/H∞ state feedback using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and a power controller guided by droop characteristics. A polytopic modeling approach addresses system uncertainties and nonlinearities. The controller aims to stabilize the system, reject disturbances, equitably distribute power among distributed generation units (DGUs), and minimize energy consumption. Regional pole placement ensures welldamped transient responses. Simulation results demonstrate effective management of load perturbations and DGU disconnections, with a comparative analysis against an H∞ controller offering additional insights into performance. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Microgrids

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Deadtime Compensation-Based Approximate Decoupling control Approach for Multivariable Processes

Deadtime Compensation-Based Approximate Decoupling Control A...

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2024 IEEE Region 10 Conference, TENCON 2024

作者： Aldhandi, Suresh Detroja, Ketan P. Indian Institute of Technology The Systems and Control Group Department of Electrical Engineering Telangana Hyderabad502285 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350821

The interaction effects among individual loops and multiple time delays are the prime reasons for degrading the closed-loop performance of multivariable systems. For highly interacting systems, decouplers are used to counteract interaction effects. However, decouplers may not be realizable and even if they are realizable, for high dimensional systems, decoupler elements may be complex. To improve the decoupler realizability, a dead-time compensation (DTC) approach is proposed in this work. The DTC framework can minimise the impact of dead-time on system dynamics. The proposed decoupler is designed based on the dynamic relative gain array (DRGA) to compensate for interaction effects. The DRGA reveals more insights about the coupling effect between a pair of input-output loops. The DRGA elements are used as decoupler elements for the multivariable process. The minimization of both interaction effects and dead-time dynamics can be achieved with the proposed DTC-based decoupling control approach. The simple IM C PI tuning rules are utilized to implement controllers for each loop. The simulation study affirming the proposed method provides better desired closed-loop performance, error indices for nominal and plant model mismatches, and robust stability against plant uncertainty over the popular existing decoupler based approaches. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Multivariable control systems

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Investigation of erythrocyte aggregation parameters of blood with low levels of fibrinogen by syllectometry

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Journal of Biorheology 2023年第1期37卷 2-8页

作者： Higuchi, Makoto Tanaka, Masayoshi Watanabe, Nobuo Functional Control Systems Course Graduate School of Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama Japan Ogino Memorial Laboratory Nihon Kohden Corporation Tokyo Japan Systems Engineering and Science Graduate School of Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama Japan

An increase in fibrinogen, a coagulation factor in blood, enhances erythrocyte aggregation. However, no pre-vious studies have fully investigated erythrocyte aggregation at low plasma fibrinogen concentrations (1/2) increased with decreasing fibrinogen concentration (r = –0.827), similar to previously reported results for normal to high fibrinogen concentrations. Relax-ation time (t0) increased exponentially with decreasing fibrinogen concentration (r = –0.608). These results suggest that erythrocyte aggregability decreases with decreasing fibrinogen concentration even at low fibrinogen levels that can cause coagulopathy, and that syllectometry can be used to detect decreases in fibrinogen. © Japanese Society of Biorheology 2023.

关键词： Rheology

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LoRaWAN Sensors Integration for Manufacturing Applications via Edge Device Model with OPC UA 28

LoRaWAN Sensors Integration for Manufacturing Applications v...

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28th International Conference on Applied Electronics, AE 2023

作者： Peniak, Peter Holečko, Peter Bubeniková, Emilia Kanáliková, Alžbeta University of Žilina Žilina Faculty of Electrical Engineering Engineering and Information Technology Department of Control and Information Systems Slovakia University of Žilina Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Department of Control and Information Systems Žilina Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335538

The article deals with the integration of Lo(ng) Ra(nge) Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) sensors with generic manufacturing applications and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) use-cases. The focus is on creating a suitable Edge device model that enables the integration of specific Long Range (LoRa) sensors together with the other generic Internet of Things (IoT/IIoT). The model is based on the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA) standard, which is the most suitable integration platform for various control systems and manufacturing applications. The model was implemented in Node-RED software and subsequently validated to confirm the required integration of LoRaWAN sensors within OPC UA models. In contrast to other approaches based on integration gateway or LoRaWAN/OPC UA protocol convertors, the proposed model utilizes extended capabilities of Edge computing. It enables Edge processing and data transformation of LoRaWAN sensors data transferred by Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol from the network server, based on requirements of manufacturing applications for cloud solutions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Wide area networks

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