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9.2.1 Developing Product Lines in Engine control systems: systems engineering Challenges

INCOSE International Symposium 2013年第1期23卷 184-198页

作者： Atherton, Malvern J. Collins, Shawn T. Control Systems Engineering Rolls-Royce PO Box 420 IndianapolisIN46206 United States Systems & Program Engineering Rolls-Royce PO Box 420 IndianapolisIN46206 United States

Rolls-Royce is developing a Full Authority Digital Electronic control (FADEC) product line for helicopter and light turboprop applications. This is driven by market demand to reduce the proportional cost of control systems relative to the engine, and to field applications in timescales that preclude traditional clone-and-own approaches. The goal is to develop reusable control system architectures, requirements, and verification evidence, which can be used on a variety of applications. Key challenges include addressing military and commercial constraints with the same architecture, designing in flexibility for future applications, and leveraging global company capability in processes, tools, and supply chain strategy. This paper describes Rolls-Royce's experience adapting existing software product line principles to apply at the control system (hardware and embedded software) level in light of certification guidelines from DO-178B and ARP4574A. Lessons learned from moving through the "V" life cycle provide insight into how systems engineering adds value in this context. © 2013 The Authors.

关键词： Life cycle

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Stability and Stabilization of Sampled-Data Based LFC for Power systems:A Data-Driven Method

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 291-293页

作者： Yu-Long Fan Chuan-Ke Zhang Yong He the School of Automation China University of Geosciences the Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems the Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education IEEE

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with stability analysis and stabilization design for sampled-data based load frequency control(LFC) systems via a data-driven method. By describing the dynamic behavior of LFC systems based on a data-based representation, a stability criterion is derived to obtain the admissible maximum sampling interval(MSI) for a given controller and a design condition of the PI-type controller is further developed to meet the required MSI. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified by a case study.

关键词： Sampled data control systems

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Equilibria Computation of the Weakest-Link Discrete Colonel Blotto Games

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IEEE control systems Letters 2025年 9卷 132-137页

作者： Ravi Ibrahim, Adrianto Nugraha, Yurid E. Tsukuba 305-0051 Japan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Department of Systems and Control Engineering Surabaya60111 Indonesia

A class of Colonel Blotto Games between two agents over multiple locations are discussed. In this letter, we consider the scenario where one of the agents wins whenever she allocates more resources in all locations. We derive a theoretical result showing that mixed Nash equilibria in such games could be computed in polynomial time. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Computational methods

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Model-Free Predictive control in Anaerobic Digestion Wastewater Treatment

Model-Free Predictive Control in Anaerobic Digestion Wastewa...

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2025 SICE International Symposium on control systems, SICE ISCS 2025

作者： Pratvittaya, Jiravit King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Engineering Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764852

Anaerobic digestion is a wastewater treatment method that utilizes bacterial decomposition to convert organic matter into biogas, which provides both environmental and economic benefits. However, controlling biogas production in anaerobic digestion systems poses significant challenges due to the complexity and non-linearity of the digestion process. This study explores the application of model-free predictive control for anaerobic digestion systems, utilizing only inputoutput data without using mathematical models as in conventional control approaches. Previous research has demonstrated the applicability of this approach for nonlinear systems, particularly in multi-input, multi-output nonlinear systems. In this study extends the methodology to controlling in methane production of anaerobic digestion systems, evaluating its effectiveness through numerical simulations. © 2025 The Society of Instrument and control Engineers.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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New Class Detection in Network Traffic Classification Using Confidence Information Embedded Cascade Structure

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IEEE Transactions on Network Science and engineering 2025年第3期12卷 1692-1706页

作者： Lu, Haotian Dong, Yuning Wu, Zhiyuan Wei, Hua-Liang Lu, Guanming Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Communications and Information Engineering Nanjing210003 China The University of Sheffield Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom

Network traffic classification plays an important role in network management. With continued emergence of new applications, classifiers need to deal with unknown classes in an open set environment. However, the available open set flow recognition methods cannot well balance the performance of new class detection and the fine-grained classification of known classes. Moreover, these methods could pursue high accuracy at the cost of the classification speed. To address these problems, this paper proposes an unknown network traffic detection method based on confidence (difference) and a cascade structure, by analyzing the confidence distributions of both the known and new classes. The proposed method works as follows. Firstly, it uses a cascade structure to detect new class samples (having high confidence) which are difficult to identify using existing methods;secondly, it employs the maximum confidence difference to classify the new and known classes. In order to better detect new classes with high confidence, an algorithm is designed to select the pseudo-negative samples from the unlabelled dataset with an adaptive threshold. The proposed method is evaluated on real-world datasets. The results show that compared with the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method can significantly improve the overall accuracy and the classification latency is also greatly reduced. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Data accuracy

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Input-Restricted Stability of Continuous and Discrete Time Nonlinear Feedback systems

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年第5期70卷 3149-3164页

作者： Hilborne, Peter Lanzon, Alexander Khong, Sei Zhen University of Manchester Control Systems Centre Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering School of Engineering ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan

In this article, we develop the concept of input-restricted stability, which determines whether a feedback interconnection remains stable only for inputs in a given subset of all possible inputs in a specified signal space. Graph separation concepts and continuity are employed to derive an input-restricted feedback stability theorem, which guarantees input-restricted stability of a feedback interconnection if both systems in the interconnection fulfil some given criteria related to their input–output relationships. Significantly, this result is applicable to both continuous and discrete time systems, unlike many existing local stability results. This theorem is then specialized into simpler-to-compute corollaries and expanded to additional theorems which provide useful additional insights. This article ends with two salient specializations of key results developed herein: one is a type of input-restricted small-gain stability theorem with one system bounded by a linear gain and the other by a quadratic gain;and the other is a type of input-restricted passivity theorem. For both of these specializations, which are not stable for all energy bounded inputs, an example is provided where the feedback interconnection is shown to be stable when the energy of exogenous inputs is below a given threshold. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Continuous time systems

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Open-loop equilibrium seeking in two-agent noncooperative linear-quadratic dynamic game with asymmetric horizon length

Open-loop equilibrium seeking in two-agent noncooperative li...

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作者： Wasa, Yasuaki Tanaka, Taichi Hayakawa, Tomohisa Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience Waseda University Tokyo Japan Department of Systems and Control Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

This article proposes an iterative-based algorithm for open-loop equilibrium seeking in a two-agent noncooperative dynamic game. The finite-horizon dynamic games handled in almost all existing articles assume the common prediction horizon length. From the viewpoint of divergence and differences in personal values, it is socially rational to solve the equilibrium of the games with asymmetric prediction horizon length. We thus propose an open-loop equilibrium-seeking algorithm without the private knowledge of the other agent's horizon information through a receding-horizon linear-quadratic game. Our proposed algorithm is based on iterative optimization. Each agent obtains its own best response control strategy while estimating the other agent's state feedback gain from the state information and guaranteeing the stability of the whole system. We also discuss the performance of the proposed equilibrium-seeking algorithm through numerical examples. © 2023 Chinese Automatic control Society and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Flexible region aggregation of adjustable loads via an adaptive convex hull strategy

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Global Energy Interconnection 2025年第1期8卷 106-120页

作者： Yisha Lin Zongxiang Lu Ying Qiao Ruijie Chen State Key Lab of Power Systems Operation and Control (Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University)BeijingPR China State Grid Quanzhou Electric Power Supply Company QuanzhouPR China

Increasing interest has been directed toward the potential of heterogeneous flexible loads to mitigate the challenges associated with the increasing variability and uncertainty of renewable *** the aggregated flexible region of load clusters managed by load aggregators is the crucial basis of power system scheduling for the system *** is because the aggregation result affects the qual-ity of the scheduling schemes.A stringent computation based on the Minkowski sum is NP-hard,whereas existing approximation meth-ods that use a special type of polytope exhibit limited adaptability when aggregating heterogeneous *** study proposes a stringent internal approximation method based on the convex hull of multiple layers of maximum volume boxes and embeds it into a day-ahead scheduling optimization *** numerical results indicate that the aggregation accuracy can be improved compared with methods based on one type of special polytope,including boxes,zonotopes,and ***,the reliability and economy of the power sys-tem scheduling can be enhanced.

关键词： Aggregation Flexible region Heterogeneous load Power system scheduling

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Dynamic Regret for Distributed Online Composite Optimization

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年第5期70卷 3056-3071页

作者： Hou, Ruijie Yu, Yang Li, Xiuxian Tongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shanghai201800 China Tongji University Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Shanghai201210 China

This article focuses on online composite optimization over multiagent networks. In the distributed setting, each agent has its own local loss function, which consists of a convex, strongly convex or strongly convex and smooth function, and a time-varying nonsmooth regularizer. Two distributed online algorithms are proposed and corresponding dynamic regrets are analyzed. Two proposed algorithms are based on signs of relative states. The first algorithm obtains (Formula presented) dynamic regret bound when each local loss is a general convex composite function, where CT is the path variation. If CT can be estimated in advance for convex or strongly convex local loss with a time-varying nonsmooth regularizer, then dynamic regret bounds are, respectively, in the order of (Formula presented) and o (log T(1 + CT)). The second algorithm is based on the first one, especially for handling the local loss composed of a strongly convex and smooth function with a nonsmooth regularizer, and then obtains o (1 + CT) dynamic regret bound. In the end, numerical results are given to support the theoretical findings. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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DeepLeaf: an optimized deep learning approach for automated recognition of grapevine leaf diseases

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第15期37卷 8799-8823页

作者： Talaat, Fatma M. Shams, Mahmoud Y. Gamel, Samah A. ZainEldin, Hanaa Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering New Mansoura University Gamasa35712 Egypt Faculty of Engineering Horus University Damietta Egypt Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

Plant diseases can cause severe losses in agricultural production, impacting food security and safety. Early detection of plant diseases is crucial to minimize crop damage and ensure agricultural sustainability. Manual monitoring is often impractical due to the complexity and time involved, making automated disease recognition essential. This study presents a new Plant Disease Detection Algorithm (PDDA) called DeepLeaf focused on identifying four common grapevine diseases: leaf blight, black rot, stable, and black measles. The PDDA integrates three key modules: an Image Preprocessing Module, a Feature Extraction Module, and an Optimized Convolutional Neural Network (OCNN)-based Classification Module. The OCNN forms the core of the classification system, with its hyperparameters fine-tuned using fuzzy optimization to enhance performance. Preprocessing techniques are applied to analyze diseased leaves, and a logistic regression algorithm is used to downsample the features for better analysis. The CNN is trained on images from the Plant Village dataset, allowing it to detect and classify grapevine leaf diseases accurately. The proposed model's efficiency in the automated diagnosis of grapevine diseases is demonstrated by its remarkable 99.7% accuracy rate. This high accuracy indicates that the PDDA may help with more effective and scalable plant disease monitoring, which will ultimately allow better agricultural practices. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： CNN Detection of leaf disease Extracting features Plant disease

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