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Comprehensive analysis of greenhouse gas emissions in Hungary

International Journal of Sustainable Development 2002年第1-2期5卷 195-203页

作者： Molnár, S. Molnár, M. Takács, T. Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Systemexpert Consulting Ltd. Matyashegyi u7/b H-1037 Budapest Hungary

This paper overviews the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in Hungary in the period 1985-95. The emissions have been determined and reported according to the IPCC methodologies. The emissions of greenhouse gases decreased until 1994, basically as a result of the economic recession. Hungary has chosen the yearly average emission level of 1985-87 as the base level. In 1994, greenhouse gas emissions were under this level by 30%. Considering this, and the ongoing governmental energy efficiency programmes, Hungary will be able to meet the undertaken emission levels of the UN Framework Convention of Climate Change. Copyright © 2002 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Greenhouse effect

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INPUT RECONSTRUCTION BY MEANS OF SYSTEM INVERSION: APPLICATION TO FAULT DETECTION AND ISOLATION

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2002年第1期35卷 13-18页

作者： F. Szigeti J. Bokor A. Edelmayer Department of Control Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Los Andes Mérida A.p. 11 La Hechicera Venezuela Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Kende u. 13–17 H-1111 Hungary

This paper attempts to look at the fundamental problem of fault detection and isolation (FDI) in nonlinear systems. Using the idea of input reconstruction by means of dynamic inversion the authors first discuss the properties of input (or fault) observability in linear systems. The extension of the results to nonlinear systems as well as the mathematical conditions of the calculation of the inverse system, which provides the inverse in finite algorithmic steps, are given. The applicability of the inversion process to fault reconstruction in nonlinear systems is demonstrated.

关键词： Fault detection and isolation Input observability Input reconstruction Inverse system Linear and non-linear systems

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MODEL-BASED NONLINEAR control OF A LOW-POWER GAS TURBINE

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2002年第1期35卷 375-380页

作者： P. Ailer G. Szederkényi K.M. Hangos Department of Aircraft and Ships Budapest University of Technology and Economics H-1111 Budapest Stoczek u. 6. Hungary Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute H-1518 Budapest P.O. Box 63 Hungary

A simple nonlinear controller for a low-power gas turbine based on direct passivation is proposed in this paper. It uses a nonlinear state space model of the gas turbine in input-affine form based on first engineering principles. It is found by standard nonlinear analysis that the developed model is reachable and observable in the whole application domain and stable in a small neighborhood of an operating point. Accordingly, the control aim is to guarantee the asymptotic stability of every operating points in the whole application domain and to provide suitable disturbance rejection. The proposed nonlinear controller is based on a prescribed quadratic Lyapunov-function and it is able to solve the protection of the gas turbine. The robustness of the closed-loop system with respect to the time-varying parameters is also investigated.

关键词： Nonlinear models Nonlinear control systems Transportation systems Vehicles Gas turbines

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Renewable energy and sustainable development in Hungary

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International Journal of Sustainable Development 2002年第1-2期5卷 204-223页

作者： Molnár, Sándor Tajthy, Tihamér Takács, Tibor Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Budapest University of Technology Budapest Hungary Systemexpert Consulting Ltd. Matyashegyi u7/b H-1037 Budapest Hungary

This paper presents an overview of the use of renewable energy in Hungary. It analyses the role of renewables in the sustainable development of the country and in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Although Hungary is rich in geothermal sources, the use of renewable energy sources is not economically viable in the country compared with traditional energy sources. In Hungary only biomass can currently be considered as a significant source of renewable energy. The potential for carbon dioxide and methane emissions reduction is estimated in the case of renewable energy penetration. Copyright © 2002 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Renewable energy resources

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Intelligent assumption retrieval from process models by model-based reasoning 1

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14th International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert systems, IEA/AIE 2001

作者： Lakner, R. Hangos, K.M. Dept. of Computer Science University of Veszprém Veszprém Hungary Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute HAS Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (数字)9783540455172

ISBN: (纸本)3540422196

Process models can be seen as structured knowledge base elements with syntax and semantics dictated by the underlying physical and chemical laws. The effect of model simplification assumptions is then determined by forward reasoning in order to take into account all of their implications. A bidirectional reasoning method for the retrieval of modelling assumptions from two related process models is proposed. An intelligent model editor is constructed to perform and test the model-based reasoning methods related to the assumption retrieval. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.

关键词： Semantics

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Active suspension design based on mixed uncertainty modelling 6

Active suspension design based on mixed uncertainty modellin...

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6th European control Conference, ECC 2001

作者： Gaspar, P. Szaszi, I. Balas, G.J. Bokor, J. Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Kende u. 13-17 Budapest Hungary Department of Control and Transport Automation Budapest University of Technology and Economics Muegyetem rkp. 3 Budapest Hungary Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics University of Minnesota 107 Akerman Hall 110 Union St. SE MN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417362

This paper proposes the mixed lì synthesis for active suspension problems. With this method, a robust compensator that achieves nominal performance and meets robust stability specifications can be designed. Moreover, both the real parametric and the complex uncertainties are treated together, which usually yields a less conservative compensator than the traditional robust methods. In this paper, the design strategy is applied for active suspension, which involves real parametric uncertainties. The results are compared with the traditional LQG, complex lì and mixed lì methods. © 2001 EUCA.

关键词： Robust control

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Model Based Fault Detection: The Optimal Past, The Robust Present and a Few Thoughts on the Future 1 2

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2000年第11期33卷 65-76页

作者： S. Rami Mangoubi M. András Edelmayer C. S. Draper Laboratory 555 Technology Square Cambridge MA 02139 USA Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Kende u. 13-17 H-1111 Hungary

This paper presents a formulation for a class of robust fault detection problems, and its corresponding solution approach. In order to provide insight into the robust algorithm, one needs to consider the past and understand its historical origins in optimal fault detection, where it is assumed that both plant and noise models are accurate. The deleterious effect of plant model uncertainties on the performance of the optimal tests is illustrated, thus motivating the idea of robust fault detection, which makes use of robust game theoretic ( H ∞ ) or risk sensitive estimators. These estimators provide test residuals or statistics that are insensitive to uncertainties, but still sensitive to failure modes. The paper concludes by motivating and suggesting new ideas for future research.

关键词： Detection filters Robust FDI H ∞ filtering Kalman filters Multiple hypothesis test Risk seeking estimation

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Grey box process modelling for fault detection and isolation

Grey box process modelling for fault detection and isolation

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1999 European control Conference, ECC 1999

作者： Hangos, K.M. Szederkenyi, G. Systems and Control Laboratory Computer and Automation Research Institute HAS PO Box 63 BudapestH-1518 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417355

The effect of the type and quality of process models applied for fault detection and isolation is investigated in this paper. It is shown that the level of details and the modelled processes within the applied grey box model determine the detectability of the faults as well as the sensitivity and detection delay of a particular fault detection method. The concepts and results are illustrated on the example of fault detection of heat exchange surface deterioration and leaking in a countercurrent heat exchanger. © 1999 EUCA.

关键词： Fault detection

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Definition of evaluation criteria for system development acquisition modeling and simulation

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第1期111卷 55-64页

作者： Leite, MJ Mensh, DR Michael J. Leite:is a Principal Engineer with PRC Inc. a division of Litton Industries. He supports combat system engineering for theater air and missile defense. His other tasks have included the command and control for the AEGIS shipbuilding program systems engineering for the 21st Century Surface Combatant combat system survivability and the development of NATO standardization agreements for naval ordnance. He was previously a Senior Engineer with San Diego Gas & Electric with responsibility for its energy application and lighting programs. Prior to joining SDG&E Mr. Leite was a commissioned officer in the U.S. Navy where he served in operations and engineering assignments. Following active duty he accepted a Naval Reserve commission and has retired with the rank of Captain. His assignments included command operational and engineering tours. Mr. Leite has also served as an expert witness in admiralty and engineering matters. He is a gradate of the University of California Berkeley with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Engineering and also holds a Masters Degree in Business Administration from National University in San Diego. Mr. Leite is a Registered Professional Engineer in the States of California and Minnesota. Mr. Leite is a member of ASNE ASCE MORS the Illuminating Engineering Society and the U.S. Naval institute. Dennis Roy Mensh:is a Senior Engineer with PRC Inc. a division of Litton Industries in Crystal City VA where he supports modeling and simulation tasking for combat systems. He received BS and MS degrees in applied Physics from Lopola College in Baltimore MD and the American University in Washington DC. He has also completed the course work towards a Ph.D. degree in computer science specializing in the fields of Operations Reseurch Anabsis Systems Analysis and Computer Modeling and Simulation. Previously he was employed at the White Oak Laboratory of the Naval Surface Warfare Carter in Silver Spring MD where he worked in the areas of naval sensor and weapon system analysis

This paper defines, develops and examines a set of generic analysis tools that can be applied to Models and Simulations at the systems Engineering level of fidelity. The tools examine the performance and effectiveness of Sensors;Weapons;and Battle Management, Command, control, Communications, computers, and Intelligence ((BMCI)-I-4) systems and equipment. The Measures of Performance (MOPs), Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs) and Measures of Force Effectiveness (MOFEs) were extracted from the Modular Command and control Structure Paradigm which was developed at the Naval Postgraduate School. The paradigm provides for the development of evaluation criteria (MOPs, MOEs, and MOFEs) in a framework that ensures the traceability of system performance and effectiveness to the system operational requirements as specified in the Operational Requirements Document (ORD). Also, the analysis tools provide insight and valid estimates of numerical measures of the defined system functionality threads, which represent the system's operational requirements as specified in the ORD. The tools are directly transferrable and applicable to test and evaluation exercise events which are conducted in support of the development and acquisition of systems and equipment. Once the levels of system performance have been defined, the Paradigm generates a quantitative database that becomes a useful tool in system tradeoffs and selection. Once the alternative system suites have been defined, the suites can be analyzed in terms of system functionality threads and their corresponding performance capabilities versus cost.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Simultaneous Fault Detection Of Heat Exchangers

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第10期31卷 365-370页

作者： Gcibor Szederkényi Erik Weyer Katalin M. Hangos Dept. of Computer Science University of Veszprem H-8201 Veszprem Egyetem u. 3. Hungary Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3052 Australia Systems and Control Research Laboratory Computer and Automation Institute HAS H-1518 Budapest PO Box 63 Hungary

A grey box model-based method for fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper. The method is based on a first principle model of the process unit: a heat exchanger, and on a grey box model of the faults: the deterioration of the heat transfer surface by aging and the leaking of the outer container. The deterioration of the heat transfer surface is due to material settling, and in old heat exchangers pieces of this material can break off and cause damage in the equipment. A recursive least squares estimator with forgetting factor is used to track both the heat transfer coefficients and the cold side volume. The heat transfer coefficients are estimated both from the hot and cold side equations. The settled material breakage fault is detected via detection of abrupt positive jumps in the estimated heat transfer coefficients using a detector based on a cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. The proposed method enables simultaneous detection of the two fault types considered. Fault localization along the equipment length is also possible when temperature measurements are available along the length.

关键词： Fault detection Fault isolation Fault location Process model Grey box modelling Identification

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