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21st International Symposium on Applied Reconfigurable Computing, ARC 2025

作者： Danilowicz, Michal Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031879944

Multi-object tracking (MOT) is one of the most important problems in computer vision and a key component of any vision-based perception system used in advanced autonomous mobile robotics. Therefore, its implementation on low-power and real-time embedded platforms is highly desirable. Modern MOT algorithms should be able to track objects of a given class (e.g. people or vehicles). In addition, the number of objects to be tracked is not known in advance, and they may appear and disappear at any time, as well as be obscured. For these reasons, the most popular and successful approaches have recently been based on the tracking paradigm. Therefore, the presence of a high quality object detector is essential, which in practice accounts for the vast majority of the computational and memory complexity of the whole MOT system. In this paper, we propose an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) implementation of an embedded MOT system based on a quantized YOLOv8 detector and the SORT (Simple Online Realtime Tracker) tracker. We use a modified version of the FINN framework to utilize external memory for model parameters and to support operations necessary required by YOLOv8. We discuss the evaluation of detection and tracking performance using the COCO and MOT15 datasets, where we achieve 0.21 mAP and 38.9 MOTA respectively. As the computational platform, we use an MPSoC system (Zynq UltraScale+ device from AMD/Xilinx) where the detector is deployed in reprogrammable logic and the tracking algorithm is implemented in the processor system. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： System-on-chip

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On convergence of covariance matrix of empirical Bayes hyper-parameter estimator

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control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 149-162页

作者： Yue Ju Biqiang Mu Tianshi Chen School of Data Science and Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenShenzhen518172GuangdongChina Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceKTH Royal Institute of Technology10044StockholmSweden Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems ScienceAcademy of Mathematics and System ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

Regularized system identification has become the research frontier of system identification in the past *** related core subject is to study the convergence properties of various hyper-parameter estimators as the sample size goes to *** this paper,we consider one commonly used hyper-parameter estimator,the empirical Bayes(EB).Its convergence in distribution has been studied,and the explicit expression of the covariance matrix of its limiting distribution has been ***,what we are truly interested in are factors contained in the covariance matrix of the EB hyper-parameter estimator,and then,the convergence of its covariance matrix to that of its limiting distribution is *** general,the convergence in distribution of a sequence of random variables does not necessarily guarantee the convergence of its covariance ***,the derivation of such convergence is a necessary complement to our theoretical analysis about factors that influence the convergence properties of the EB hyper-parameter *** this paper,we consider the regularized finite impulse response(FIR)model estimation with deterministic inputs,and show that the covariance matrix of the EB hyper-parameter estimator converges to that of its limiting ***,we run numerical simulations to demonstrate the efficacy of ourtheoretical results.

关键词： Regularized system identification Hyper-parameter estimator Empirical Bayes Convergence of covariance matrix

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Equalizer Zero-Determinant Strategy in Discounted Repeated Stackelberg Asymmetric Game

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Journal of systems Science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 184-203页

作者： CHENG Zhaoyang CHEN Guanpu HONG Yiguang Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology10044 StockholmSweden. Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 210201China

This paper focuses on the performance of equalizer zero-determinant(ZD)strategies in discounted repeated Stackelberg asymmetric *** the leader-follower adversarial scenario,the strong Stackelberg equilibrium(SSE)deriving from the opponents’best response(BR),is technically the optimal strategy for the ***,computing an SSE strategy may be difficult since it needs to solve a mixed-integer program and has exponential complexity in the number of *** this end,the authors propose an equalizer ZD strategy,which can unilaterally restrict the opponent’s expected *** authors first study the existence of an equalizer ZD strategy with one-to-one situations,and analyze an upper bound of its performance with the baseline SSE *** the authors turn to multi-player models,where there exists one player adopting an equalizer ZD *** authors give bounds of the weighted sum of opponents’s utilities,and compare it with the SSE ***,the authors give simulations on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and the moving target defense(MTD)to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Discounted repeated Stackelberg asymmetric game equalizer zero-determinant strategy strong Stackelberg equilibrium strategy

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Relay Selection and Power control for Mobile Underwater Acoustic Communication Networks: A Dual-Thread Reinforcement Learning Approach

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

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IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 2024年第2期9卷 1-1页

作者： Dai, Jun Li, Xinbin Han, Song Yu, Junzhi Liu, Zhixin Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province China Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing China

This paper deals with a cooperation communication problem (relay selection and power control) for mobile underwater acoustic communication networks. To achieve satisfactory transmission capacity, we propose a reinforcement-learning-based cooperation communication scheme to efficiently resist the highly dynamic communication links and strongly unknown time-varying channel states caused by the mobility of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). Firstly, a particular Markov decision process is developed to model the dynamic relay selection process of mobile AUV in the unknown scenario. In the developed model, an experimental statistical-based partition mechanism is proposed to cope with the greatly increasing dimension of the state space caused by the mobility of AUV, reducing the search optimization difficulty. Secondly, a dual-thread reinforcement learning structure with actual and virtual learning threads is proposed to efficiently track the superior relay action. In the actual learning thread, the proposed improved probability greedy policy enables the AUV to strengthen the exploration for the reward information of potential superior relays on the current state. Meanwhile, in the virtual learning thread, the proposed upper-confidence-bound-index-based uncertainty estimation method can estimate the action-reward level of historical states. Consequently, the combination of actual and virtual learning threads can efficiently obtain satisfactory Q value information, thereby making superior relay decision-making in a short time. Thirdly, a power control mechanism is proposed to reuse the current observed action-reward information and transform the multiple unknown parameter nonlinear joint power optimization problem into a convex optimization problem, thereby enhancing network transmission capacity. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. IEEE

关键词： Convex optimization

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Heterogeneous Image Knowledge Driven Visual Perception

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 255-257页

作者： Lan Yan Wenbo Zheng Fei-Yue Wang IEEE the College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China the School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with visual perception closely related to heterogeneous *** the huge challenge brought by different image modalities,we propose a visual perception framework based on heterogeneous image knowledge,i.e.,the domain knowledge associated with specific vision tasks,to better address the corresponding visual perception problems.

关键词： Visual visual knowledge

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CONTINUOUS-TIME IDENTIFICATION OF DYNAMIC STATE-SPACE MODELS BY DEEP SUBSPACE ENCODING 11

CONTINUOUS-TIME IDENTIFICATION OF DYNAMIC STATE-SPACE MODELS...

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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Beintema, Gerben I. Schoukens, Maarten Tóth, Roland Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

Continuous-time (CT) modeling has proven to provide improved sample efficiency and interpretability in learning the dynamical behavior of physical systems compared to discrete-time (DT) models. However, even with numerous recent developments, the CT nonlinear state-space (NL-SS) model identification problem remains to be solved in full, considering common experimental aspects such as the presence of external inputs, measurement noise, latent states, and general robustness. This paper presents a novel estimation method that addresses all these aspects and that can obtain state-of-the-art results on multiple benchmarks with compact fully connected neural networks capturing the CT dynamics. The proposed estimation method called the subspace encoder approach (SUBNET) ascertains these results by efficiently approximating the complete simulation loss by evaluating short simulations on subsections of the data, by using an encoder function to estimate the initial state for each subsection and a novel state-derivative normalization to ensure stability and good numerical conditioning of the training process. We prove that the use of subsections increases cost function smoothness together with the necessary requirements for the existence of the encoder function and we show that the proposed state-derivative normalization is essential for reliable estimation of CT NL-SS models. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

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Prescribed-Time Nash Equilibrium Seeking for Pursuit-Evasion Game

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1518-1520页

作者： Lei Xue Jianfeng Ye Yongbao Wu Jian Liu D.C.Wunsch Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of EducationNanjing 210096 School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409 USA IEEE

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with prescribed-time Nash equilibrium(PTNE)seeking problem in a pursuit-evasion game(PEG)involving agents with second-order *** order to achieve the prior-given and user-defined convergence time for the PEG,a PTNE seeking algorithm has been developed to facilitate collaboration among multiple pursuers for capturing the evader without the need for any global ***,it is theoretically proved that the prescribedtime convergence of the designed algorithm for achieving Nash equilibrium of ***,the effectiveness of the PTNE method was validated by numerical simulation results.A PEG consists of two groups of agents:evaders and *** pursuers aim to capture the evaders through cooperative efforts,while the evaders strive to evade *** is a classic noncooperative *** has attracted plenty of attention due to its wide application scenarios,such as smart grids[1],formation control[2],[3],and spacecraft rendezvous[4].It is noteworthy that most previous research on seeking the Nash equilibrium of the game,where no agent has an incentive to change its actions,has focused on asymptotic and exponential convergence[5]-[7].

关键词： seeking prescribed convergence

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Optimizing the Structural Parameters of the Mechanical Sensing Element of a Microoptoelectromechanical Micro-g Accelerometer 24

Optimizing the Structural Parameters of the Mechanical Sensi...

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24th IEEE International Conference of Young Professionals in Electron Devices and Materials, EDM 2023

作者： Barbin, Evgenij S. Nesterenko, Tamara G. Koleda, Aleksei N. Shesterikov, Evgeniy V. Kulinich, Ivan V. Kokolov, Andrey A. Institute of Optics and Atmosphere Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Radiophotonics The Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Laboratory of Intelligent Computer Systems Tomsk Russia The Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Laboratory of Radiophotonics Tomsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336870

The paper investigates a microoptoelectromechanical accelerometer that implements optical measuring transducer built on the optical tunneling effect. The article discusses the issues of micromechanical sensing element (MSE) optimization for an MOEM- accelerometer fabricated by silicon on insulator (SOI) technology. The results represent the requirements to the design to achieve a sensitivity of 1 μg m/s2at a calculated eigenvalue of the MSE. The main parameters of the mechanical part of a MOEM-accelerometer affecting its sensitivity are dimensions, mass, resonance frequency and corresponding stiffness of the spring suspension. Following the Brownian noise that characterizes the accelerometer's sensitivity, the relations between the parameters are determined. Two designs of the MSE are considered according to the fabrication process. One design contains only a device layer;the second one implements a SOI-wafer basic layer as a weighting additive. The latter design occupies less area. To prevent MSE deflection stipulated by its larger dimensions and to increase the number of sensors fabricated from a single SOI wafer, MSE with additional mass are more reasonable to use. The MSE mass at an eigenfrequency of 10, 20, 50 and 100 Hz should exceed 0.01.10-6 kg, while at a frequency of 200 Hz, the mass should exceed 0.023.10-6 kg to comply with the requirement of minimal measurable acceleration of 1 μg m/s2. Subsequent increase of the MSE mass at the same eigenfrequency decreases the thermal mechanical noise. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Accelerometers

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Drift-free localisation using prior cross-source map for indoor low-light environments

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IET Cyber-systems and Robotics 2023年第1期5卷 122-131页

作者： Junyi Tao Weichen Dai Da Kong Jiayan Wan Bin He Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina School of Computer Science Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province HangzhouChina

In this study,a localisation system without cumulative errors is ***,depth odometry is achieved only by using the depth information from the depth *** the point cloud cross-source map registration is realised by 3D particle filtering to obtain the pose of the point cloud relative to the ***,we fuse the odometry results with the point cloud to map registration results,so the system can operate effectively even if the map is *** effectiveness of the system for long-term localisation,localisation in the incomplete map,and localisation in low light through multiple experiments on the self-recorded dataset is *** with other methods,the results are better than theirs and achieve high indoor localisation accuracy.

关键词： indoor positioning robots

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Physics-Guided State-Space Model Augmentation Using Weighted Regularized Neural Networks ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第15期58卷 295-300页

作者： Yuhan Liu Roland Tóth Maarten Schoukens Control Systems Group Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven the Netherlands Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

Physics-guided neural networks (PGNN) is an effective tool that combines the benefits of data-driven modeling with the interpretability and generalization of underlying physical information. However, for a classical PGNN, the penalization of the physics-guided part is at the output level, which leads to a conservative result as systems with highly similar state-transition functions, i.e. only slight differences in parameters, can have significantly different time-series outputs. Furthermore, the classical PGNN cost function regularizes the model estimate over the entire state space with a constant trade-of hyperparameter. In this paper, we introduce a novel model augmentation strategy for nonlinear state-space model identification based on PGNN, using a weighted function regularization (W-PGNN). The proposed approach can efficiently augment the prior physics-based state-space models based on measurement data. A new weighted regularization term is added to the cost function to penalize the difference between the state and output function of the baseline physics-based and final identified model. This ensures the estimated model follows the baseline physics model functions in regions where the data has low information content, while placing greater trust in the data when a high informativity is present. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy over the current PGNN method is demonstrated on a benchmark example.

关键词： System Identification Physics-Guided Neural Networks State Space

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