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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Saberi, Amir Hossein Movasaghinia, Mohammad Hosein Najafi, Amir Motahari, Seyed Abolfazl Heidari, Alireza Khalaj, Babak H. Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Sharif Center for Information Systems and Data Science Iran Sharif Institute for Convergence Science & Technology Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

We propose a novel framework for incorporating unlabeled data into semi-supervised classification problems, where scenarios involving the minimization of either i) adversarially robust or ii) non-robust loss functions have been considered. Notably, we allow the unlabeled samples to deviate slightly (in total variation sense) from the in-domain distribution. The core idea behind our framework is to combine Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) with self-supervised training. As a result, we also leverage efficient polynomial-time algorithms for the training stage. From a theoretical standpoint, we apply our framework on the classification problem of a mixture of two Gaussians in Rd, where in addition to the m independent and labeled samples from the true distribution, a set of n (usually with n m) out of domain and unlabeled samples are given as well. Using only the labeled data, it is known that the generalization error can be bounded by ∝ (d/m)1/2. However, using our method on both isotropic and non-isotropic Gaussian mixture models, one can derive a new set of analytically explicit and non-asymptotic bounds which show substantial improvement on the generalization error compared to ERM. Our results underscore two significant insights: 1) out-of-domain samples, even when unlabeled, can be harnessed to narrow the generalization gap, provided that the true data distribution adheres to a form of the "cluster assumption", and 2) the semi-supervised learning paradigm can be regarded as a special case of our framework when there are no distributional shifts. We validate our claims through experiments conducted on a variety of synthetic and real-world datasets. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polynomial approximation

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A Novel Metaverse-as-a-Service Architecture from an Operator View

A Novel Metaverse-as-a-Service Architecture from an Operator...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Metaverse Computing, Networking and Applications, MetaCom 2023

作者： Ahsani, Vesal Rahimi, Ali Letafati, Mehdi Khalaj, Babak Hossein Sharif University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Sharif Center for Information Systems and Data Science Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333336

In this research paper, the authors present a comprehensive overview of three key elements of Metaverse-as-a-service (MaaS) platforms: privacy and security, edge computing, and blockchain technology. The study begins by examining security concerns for wireless access to the Metaverse. It then delves into privacy and security issues within the Metaverse from data-centric, learning-centric, and human-centric perspectives. The authors propose novel and less-explored methods to aid mobile network operators and Metaverse service providers in creating secure and private MaaS platforms across various layers of the Metaverse, from access to social interactions. The article also explores the potential of edge computing to enhance various aspects of the Metaverse and the challenges associated with its implementation. Furthermore, the study examines the 10 main challenges of MaaS platforms and how blockchain technology can address them. Finally, the authors present future visions and recommendations, such as content-centric security and zero-trust Metaverse, as well as unresolved challenges in blockchain technology to provide insights for network designers in the Metaverse era. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Edge computing

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Uncertainty propagation in the internet of things

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Discover Internet of Things 2024年第1期4卷 1-20页

作者： Pal, Shantanu Khalifa, Sara Miller, Dimity Dedeoglu, Volkan Dorri, Ali Ramachandran, Gowri Moghadam, Peyman Kusy, Brano Jurdak, Raja The School of Information Technology Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment Deakin University MelbourneVIC 3125 Australia The School of Information Systems Faculty of Science Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD4000 Australia The School of Electrical Engineering and Robotics Faculty of Engineering Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD4000 Australia The Distributed Sensing Systems Group Data61 CSIRO PullenvaleQLD 4069 Australia The School of Computer Science Faculty of Science Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD 4000 Australia The CSIRO Robotics Data61 CSIRO PullenvaleQLD 4069 Australia

The Internet of Things (IoT) detects context through sensors capturing data from dynamic physical environments, in order to inform automation decisions within cyber physical systems (CPS). Diverse types of uncertainty in the IoT pipeline can propagate within and across nodes, involving complex interactions with security, privacy, and trust that remain largely unexplored. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the types of uncertainties in IoT and how they propagate within IoT nodes and networks. We consider adversarial uncertainty in the context of distributed IoT networks to capture perturbations due to malicious actors in the network that can influence IoT security, privacy and trust. We examine the propagation of adversarial uncertainty and well-known uncertainty types, namely aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty, within the five distinct stages of sensing, communication, storage, processing and decision-making in an IoT pipeline, across network layer boundaries, and across nodes within an IoT network. Using this mapping, we analyse the interactions between the uncertainty types and their propagation, and security, privacy, and trust in IoT. Based on this analysis, we discuss guidelines and considerations for mitigating uncertainty in IoT through a smart grid use case study. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Outage Prediction and Improvement in 6G for UAV Swarm Relays Using Machine Learning

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 107卷 33-45页

作者： Khalil, Hisham Ali, Gauhar Rahman, Saeed Ur Asim, Muhammad Affendi, Mohammed El Department of Intelligent Systems Faculty of Information Technology University of Lahore Pakistan EIAS Data Science and Block chain Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an China

The issue of signal outages in sub-THz frequency communication for future 6G networks is addressed by this research. A machine learning method is proposed, employing Random Forest and K-Means algorithms to predict the optimal frequency band and outage probabilities for UAV relays. Both space and frequency diversity are explored to enhance signal strength, and metasurface-carrying UAVs are introduced with a 16 × 16 mm2 design. This design significantly reduces the predicted outage probability from 0.1% to 0.0178%. Finally, triangular and hexagonal UAV swarm formations with metasurfaces are investigated, demonstrating improved performance through heatmap results. © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Federated Learning for Weld Quality Prediction

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Journal of Dynamics, Monitoring and Diagnostics 2024年第4期3卷 237-245页

作者： Shubhranil Chakraborty Sayani Guha Debasish Mishra Surjya K.Pal Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Jalpaiguri Government Engineering CollegeIndia Data Science and Information Systems IFMR GSBKrea UniversityIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurIndia

This study introduces a monitoring system that can accurately predict the quality of friction stir *** study involved four different sets of welding experiments using varying materials and tool *** goal was to create a universal monitoring system capable of predicting weld quality across these diverse experimental ***-time welding data was collected using instruments such as load cells and a power *** processing methods were then used to analyze this data and extract essential information about welding ***,federated learning(FL)was used to develop the universal monitoring *** method involves collective learning and model training,leading to a global model trained on decentralized data from the different experimental *** approach proved to be effective in forecasting weld quality,achieving a mean absolute error(MAE)of 10.44 for all welding ***,it offered benefits such as reduced latency and enhanced user data protection,while maintaining the accuracy of the global *** artificial neural network model was also developed for comparison with FL,achieving a MAE of 13.85 for the welding ***,this study demonstrates the effectiveness of training global and more reliable models,with multiple devices sharing their knowledge bases to train the global model effectively.

关键词： deep learning federated learning friction stir welding Industry 4.0 manufacturing neural network quality

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A Novel Consensus Mechanism Based on Dynamic Sharding 20th

A Novel Consensus Mechanism Based on Dynamic Sharding

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20th IFIP WG 10.3 International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, NPC 2024

作者： Zhang, Jingyu Teng, Yilong Sun, Yongtao Zhu, Shi Yang, Fangliao Luo, Lailong School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory School of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Data Operations Center State Grid Hunan Electric Power Information and Communication Corporation Hunan Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628292

Blockchain, as an emerging technology, has been widely studied by the researchers from academia and industry. Alliance chain, as an important form of blockchain, is often applied to smart grids, smart city and the Internet of Things to ensure the authenticity and reliability of data. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm is a key technology to ensure data consistency in the alliance chains, and it plays a critical role in improving system performance, security and scalability. However, with the increase of the number of nodes and transactions, the ability of PBFT to process transactions is challenged. In particular, PBFT’s linear transaction processing also limits its ability to process transactions in parallel. In view of the problems existing in PBFT, this paper studies the consensus mechanism optimization, and puts forward a consensus mechanism with better performance. In this paper, in order to solve the problem of weak parallel transaction processing capability of PBFT, we propose a novel Consensus Mechanism based on Dynamic Sharding (CMDS). CMDS firstly constructs a dynamic fragmentation model based on consistent hash algorithm to segment nodes, and then constructs a voting consensus mechanism based on reputation weight to achieve global state consistency. The experimental results show that CMDS can significantly improve the ability of parallel transaction processing and the performance of blockchain system. © IFIP International Federation for information Processing 2025.

关键词： Blockchain

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An Anomaly Detection Algorithm for Estimating Interannual Variation in Crop Yields 5

An Anomaly Detection Algorithm for Estimating Interannual Va...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Computing, Power, and Communication Technologies, IC2PCT 2024

作者： Vinoth Kumar, R. Malathy Manjula, M. Veerandeswari, J. Indumathy, M. Raghul, B.S. Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering & Technology Information Technology Department Puduherry Kriumambakkam India Data Science and Business Systems Srm Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383522

Crop production is a vital aspect of human survival. Reducing global poverty heavily relies on increasing the robustness in crop yields. The quantity of crops harvested from a given agricultural land, also known as crop yields of that land is the important parameter that helps to increase the smartness in adopting novel agricultural plans. Measuring this parameter can be done through supervised machine learning techniques which helps with accurate predictions given the historical data of crop yield. This paper proposes an ideation, that uses Support Vector Machines (SVMs) because of its strength being accuracy, robust and flexible. SVM can predict reliable crop yield estimates that help to allocate resources and smart planning for agricultural activities. Also, SVMs are good enough to handle the imperfections in historical crop yield datasets, outliers, and inconsistencies. Furthermore, SVMs can bring out the relationships and any nonlinear patterns in the crop yields which are influenced by uncertain environmental factors over various seasons. This helps to identify the anomalies in the historical data. The anomalies could be exceptionally high yield or the failures which happen to be pinpointed as abnormal years. The identified outliers are excluded by the SVM, thus bringing out a prediction model that focusses on 'normal years'. By this, it is possible to represent more accurate inter-annual trends of crop yields avoiding the anomalies aiding the farmer to make better decisions for much more productivity in the crop yield. Based on the ideation, simulations are performed that showcase the success of the SVM in predicting good for the crop yields in inter-annual period. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection crop yield inter-annual variability SVM

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Facial Image-Based Autism Detection:A Comparative Study of Deep Neural Network Classifiers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 105-126页

作者： Tayyaba Farhat Sheeraz Akram Hatoon SAlSagri Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyThe Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant challenges in social interaction,communication,and repetitive *** and precise ASD detection is crucial,particularly in regions with limited diagnostic resources like *** study aims to conduct an extensive comparative analysis of various machine learning classifiers for ASD detection using facial images to identify an accurate and cost-effective solution tailored to the local *** research involves experimentation with VGG16 and MobileNet models,exploring different batch sizes,optimizers,and learning rate *** addition,the“Orange”machine learning tool is employed to evaluate classifier performance and automated image processing capabilities are utilized within the *** findings unequivocally establish VGG16 as the most effective classifier with a 5-fold cross-validation ***,VGG16,with a batch size of 2 and the Adam optimizer,trained for 100 epochs,achieves a remarkable validation accuracy of 99% and a testing accuracy of 87%.Furthermore,the model achieves an F1 score of 88%,precision of 85%,and recall of 90% on test *** validate the practical applicability of the VGG16 model with 5-fold cross-validation,the study conducts further testing on a dataset sourced fromautism centers in Pakistan,resulting in an accuracy rate of 85%.This reaffirms the model’s suitability for real-world ASD *** research offers valuable insights into classifier performance,emphasizing the potential of machine learning to deliver precise and accessible ASD diagnoses via facial image analysis.

关键词： Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) disease segmentation features optimization deep learning models facial images classification

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Artificial intelligence in physiological characteristics recognition for internet of things authentication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 740-755页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Huansheng Ning Fadi Farha Jianguo Ding Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Cyberspace Data Analysis and Applications Beijing100083China Faculty of Informatics Engineering Aleppo UniversityAleppoSyria Department of Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology37179KarlskronaSweden Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Effective user authentication is key to ensuring equipment security,data privacy,and personalized services in Internet of Things(IoT)***,conventional mode-based authentication methods(e.g.,passwords and smart cards)may be vulnerable to a broad range of attacks(e.g.,eavesdropping and side-channel attacks).Hence,there have been attempts to design biometric-based authentication solutions,which rely on physiological and behavioral *** characteristics need continuous monitoring and specific environmental settings,which can be challenging to implement in ***,we can also leverage Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the extraction and classification of physiological characteristics from IoT devices processing to facilitate ***,we review the literature on the use of AI in physiological characteristics recognition pub-lished after *** use the three-layer architecture of the IoT(i.e.,sensing layer,feature layer,and algorithm layer)to guide the discussion of existing approaches and their *** also identify a number of future research opportunities,which will hopefully guide the design of next generation solutions.

关键词： Physiological characteristics recognition Artificial intelligence Internet of things Biological-driven authentication

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Integrated Leaf Disease Recognition Across Diverse Crops through Transfer Learning 5

Integrated Leaf Disease Recognition Across Diverse Crops thr...

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5th International Conference on Innovative data Communication Technologies and Application, ICIDCA 2024

作者： Tambe, Utkarsh Yashwant Shanthini, A. Hsiung, Pao-Ann Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi621301 Taiwan

Global food security is seriously threatened by plant diseases and can cause severe economic losses to farmers. Automated detection of plant diseases using computer vision and machine learning techniques has become a popular research area due to its potential to provide faster and more accurate results than traditional methods. In this research, we propose a plant disease detection model based on transfer learning using the MobileNetV2. We evaluate the suggested method on a dataset consisting of 38 various kinds of diseases across 14 different plants. Our experimental findings indicate that the proposed method has a typical accuracy of 91.98% and outperforms additional cutting-edge CNN models for plant disease detection. The experimental findings support the suggested approach's validity and show that it effectively detects plant diseases. We also have put forth the evaluation metrics to investigate the model. The suggested method has potential applications in real-world scenarios and can help farmers detect diseases in their crops at an early stage, allowing them to take timely action to minimize crop losses. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Losses

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