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arXiv 2022年

作者： Angelopoulos, V. Zhang, X.-J. Artemyev, A.V. Mourenas, D. Tsai, E. Wilkins, C. Runov, A. Liu, J. Turner, D.L. Li, W. Khurana, K. Wirz, R.E. Sergeev, V.A. Meng, X. Wu, J. Hartinger, M.D. Raita, T. Shen, Y. An, X. Shi, X. Bashir, M.F. Shen, X. Gan, L. Qin, M. Capannolo, L. Ma, Q. Russell, C.L. Masongsong, E.V. Caron, R. He, I. Iglesias, L. Jha, S. King, J. Kumar, S. Le, K. Mao, J. McDermott, A. Nguyen, K. Norris, A. Palla, A. Roosnovo Tam, J. Xie, E. Yap, R.C. Ye, S. Young, C. Adair, L.A. Shaffer, C. Chung, M. Cruce, P. Lawson, M. Leneman, D. Allen, M. Anderson, M. Arreola-Zamora, M. Artinger, J. Asher, J. Branchevsky, D. Cliffe, M. Colton, K. Costello, C. Depe, D. Domae, B.W. Eldin, S. Fitzgibbon, L. Flemming, A. Frederick, D.M. Gilbert, A. Hesford, B. Krieger, R. Lian, K. McKinney, E. Miller, J.P. Pedersen, C. Qu, Z. Rozario, R. Rubly, M. Seaton, R. Subramanian, A. Sundin, S.R. Tan, A. Thomlinson, D. Turner, W. Wing, G. Wong, C. Zarifian, A. Earth Planetary and Space Sciences Department Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States CEA DAM DIF Arpajon France Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments University of California Los AngelesCA United States Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD United States Department of Astronomy Center for Space Physics Boston University BostonMA United States Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Henry Samueli School of Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States School of Mechanical Industrial Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331 United States University of St. Petersburg St. Petersburg Russia Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States Space Science Institute BoulderCO80301 United States Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory University of Oulu Sodankylä Finland Materials Science and Engineering Department Henry Samueli School of Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Deloitte Consulting New YorkNY10112 United States Computer Science Department Henry Samueli School of Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Microsoft RedmondWA98052 United States Physics and Astronomy Department University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Raybeam Inc. Mountain ViewCA94041 United States SpaceX HawthorneCA90250 United States Reliable Robotics Corporation Mountain ViewCA94043 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Mathematics Department University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Planet Labs PBC San FranciscoCA94107 United States KSAT Inc. De

We review comprehensive observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave-driven energetic electron precipitation using data from the energetic electron detector on the Electron Losses and Fields InvestigatioN (ELFIN) mission, two polar-orbiting low-altitude spinning CubeSats, measuring 50-5000 keV electrons with good pitch-angle and energy resolution. EMIC wave-driven precipitation exhibits a distinct signature in energy-spectrograms of the precipitating-to-trapped flux ratio: peaks at >0.5 MeV which are abrupt (bursty) (lasting ∼17s, or ∆L ∼ 0.56) with significant substructure (occasionally down to sub-second timescale). We attribute the bursty nature of the precipitation to the spatial extent and structuredness of the wave field at the equator. Multiple ELFIN passes over the same MLT sector allow us to study the spatial and temporal evolution of the EMIC wave - electron interaction region. Case studies employing conjugate ground-based or equatorial observations of the EMIC waves reveal that the energy of moderate and strong precipitation at ELFIN approximately agrees with theoretical expectations for cyclotron resonant interactions in a cold plasma. Using 2 years of ELFIN data uniformly distributed in local time, we assemble a statistical database of ∼50 events of strong EMIC wave-driven precipitation. Most reside at L ∼ 5 − 7 at dusk, while a smaller subset exists at L ∼ 8 − 12 at post-midnight. The energies of the peak-precipitation ratio and of the half-peak precipitation ratio (our proxy for the minimum resonance energy) exhibit an L-shell dependence in good agreement with theoretical estimates based on prior statistical observations of EMIC wave power spectra. The precipitation ratio’s spectral shape for the most intense events has an exponential falloff away from the peak (i.e., on either side of ∼ 1.45 MeV). It too agrees well with quasi-linear diffusion theory based on prior statistics of wave spectra. It should be noted though that this diffusive

关键词： Radiation belts

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Bio-Syncretic Light-gated Field-Effect Transistor: Fabrication and Characterization

Bio-Syncretic Light-gated Field-Effect Transistor: Fabricati...

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IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： Jia Yang Wenxue Wang Gongxin Li Guangyong Li Ning Xi Lianqing Liu State Key Laboratory of Robotics Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China State Key Laboratory of Robotics Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education) Jiangnan University Wuxi China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh United States Emerging Technologies Institute University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong

Biological visual system has many intrinsic functional superiorities, such as small size, high sensitivity and no heat-sink cooling, which are hard to be completely replicated by electromechanical systems. The bio-syncretic design of sensing device with living materials may provide some functional superiorities to those conventional sensing devices, and will have great potential benefits in both biomedical and engineering applications. In this study, we developed a novel bio-syncretic light-gated field-effect transistor (FET), in which optogenetically engineered cells were used as the gate substitute for conventional gate electrode, and the exposure of the cells to light irradiation results in the variation of the transistor's channel current. The bio-syncretic transistor was fabricated by virtue of graphene film and optogenetically engineered cells, and its basic photo-responsive performance was then tested and characterized. This reference-less bio-syncretic transistor has a wide range of potential applications in photodetection and biosensing with good biocompatibility and stability.

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Adaptive leader-follower formation control and obstacle avoidance via deep reinforcement learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhou, Yanlin Lu, Fan Pu, George Ma, Xiyao Sun, Runhan Chen, Hsi-Yuan Li, Xiaolin Wu, Dapeng National Science Foundation Center for Big Learning Large-scale Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States Amazon Robotics North Reading AI Institute Tongdun Technology

We propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methodology for the tracking, obstacle avoidance, and formation control of nonholonomic robots. By separating vision-based control into a perception module and a controller module, we can train a DRL agent without sophisticated physics or 3D modeling. In addition, the modular framework averts daunting retrains of an image-to-action end-to-end neural network, and provides flexibility in transferring the controller to different robots. First, we train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to accurately localize in an indoor setting with dynamic foreground/background. Then, we design a new DRL algorithm named Momentum Policy Gradient (MPG) for continuous control tasks and prove its convergence. We also show that MPG is robust at tracking varying leader movements and can naturally be extended to problems of formation control. Leveraging reward shaping, features such as collision and obstacle avoidance can be easily integrated into a DRL controller. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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How much information is needed in quantized nonlinear control?

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第9期61卷 205-217页

作者： Chuang ZHENG Lin LI Leyi WANG Chanying LI School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Quantization rate is a crucial measure of complexity in determining stabilizability of control systems subject to quantized state measurements. This paper investigates quantization complexity for a class of nonlinear systems which are subjected to disturbances of unknown statistics and unknown bounds. This class of systems includes linear stablizable systems as special cases. Two lower bounds on the quantization rates are derived which guarantee input-to-state stabilizability for continuous-time and sampled-data feedback strategies, respectively. Simulation examples are provided to validate the results.

关键词： nonlinear systems disturbances input-to-state stabilizability sampled systems quantization rate

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CrowdWatcher: an open-source platform to catch the eye of the crowd

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Quality and User Experience 2019年第1期4卷 1-17页

作者： Lebreton, Pierre Hupont, Isabelle Hirth, Matthias Mäki, Toni Skodras, Evangelos Schubert, Anton Raake, Alexander Group of Networked Sensing and Control (NeSC) Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Institute of Intelligent Systems and Robotics Sorbonne University Paris France User-Centric Analysis of Multimedia Data Group Technische Universität Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany Department of Computer Science Aalto University Espoo Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Patras Greece Audio Visual Technology Group Technische Universität Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany

This paper presents the open-source eye tracking platform CrowdWatcher. It enables researchers to measure gaze location and user engagement in a crowdsourcing context through traditional RGB webcams. The proposed platform particularly advances the field of Quality of Experience (QoE) research, as it allows the experimenter to collect remotely and with very limited effort novel information from crowds of participants, such as their commitment towards a task, attention and decision-making processes. Two different experiments are described that were conducted to demonstrate the platform’s potential. The first experiment addresses the measurement of participants’ behavior while performing a movie selection task. Results show that the platform provides complementary information to traditional self-reported data by taking gaze analysis into account. This is of particular relevance, since in a crowdsourcing context decision processes and attention are difficult to assess, and there is often limited control over the engagement of the test user with the task. A second experiment is conducted in the scenario of a multimedia QoE test. Prediction accuracy is compared to a professional infrared eye tracker. While CrowdWatcher performs less well than the professional eye tracker, it is still able to collect valuable gaze information in the far more challenging environment of crowdsourcing. As an outlook to further application domains, the usage of the platform to measure user engagement allows participants who do not pay attention to the task to be identified.

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Transforming heat transfer with thermal metamaterials and devices

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Ying Li, Wei Han, Tiancheng Zheng, Xu Li, Jiaxin Li, Baowen Fan, Shanhui Qiu, Cheng-Wei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical Engineering Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

| The demand for sophisticated tools and approaches in heat management and control has triggered fast development of emerging fields including conductive thermal metamaterials, nanophononics, far-field and near-field radiative thermal management, etc. In this review, we cast a unified perspective on the control of heat transfer, based on which the related studies can be considered as complementary paradigms toward manipulating physical parameters and realizing unprecedented phenomena in heat transfer using artificial structures, such as thermal conductivity in heat conduction, thermal emissivity in radiation, and properties related to multi-physical effects. The review is divided into three parts that focus on the three main categories of heat flow control, respectively. Thermal conduction and radiation are emphasized in the first and second parts at both macro- and micro-scale. The third part discusses the efforts to actively introduce heat sources or tune the material parameters with multi-physical effects in both conduction and radiation, including works using thermal convection. We conclude the review with challenges in this research topic and new possibilities about topological thermal effects, heat waves, and quantum thermal effects. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metamaterials

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Design and Implementation of RFID based Smart Shopping Booth

Design and Implementation of RFID based Smart Shopping Booth

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International Conference on Information Science and control engineering (ICISCE)

作者： Ehtisham Lodhi Fenghua Zhu Zeeshan Lodhi Qasim Saleem Gang Xiong FeiYue Wang The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China The Cloud Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Dongguan China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728157122

ISBN: (纸本)9781728157139

In this modern era, technology has advanced to such an extent to make our daily life more proficient and convenient. This paper presents the design and implementation of vending machine (VM) for students, which operates on radio frequency identification technology (RFID). Hence, it turns the VM into smart shopping booth (SSB). The SSB gives the access only through RFID card and vend different products according to the desire of student. The SSB is equipped with RFID reader and student identity card that holds the RFID tag. When the student identity card is scanned for verification and then after selecting the required products, will be dispensed off if a student has available balance in his/her identity card and SMS will be sent to students about remaining balance in their cards by GSM technology. The programming for controller is done by using proton IDE language. The SSB is the customized idea of vending machine and it attempts to resolve various issues that appeared in coin/note based VM. The student identity card RFID based technology is a breakthrough towards a paperless and cashless environment. Moreover, it is very beneficial in saving the precious time of students due to fast paced life and also user friendly. RFID based SSB also improved the communication and sensing capabilities of VM. Hence, our suggested approach outperforms in all aspects.

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Convergence of a Distributed Least Squares

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Xie, Siyu Zhang, Yaqi Guo, Lei The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University DetroitMI48202 United States Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Mathematical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

In this paper, we consider a least-squares (LS)-based distributed algorithm build on a sensor network to estimate an unknown parameter vector of a dynamical system, where each sensor in the network has partial information only but is allowed to communicate with its neighbors. Our main task is to generalize the well-known theoretical results on the traditional LS to the current distributed case by establishing both the upper bound of the accumulated regrets of the adaptive predictor and the convergence of the distributed LS estimator, with the following key features compared with the existing literature on distributed estimation: Firstly, our theory does not need the previously imposed independence, stationarity or Gaussian property on the system signals, and hence is applicable to stochastic systems with feedback. Secondly, the cooperative excitation condition introduced and used in this paper for the convergence of the distributed LS estimate is the weakest possible one, which shows that even if any individual sensor cannot estimate the unknown parameter by the traditional LS, the whole network can still fulfill the estimation task by the distributed *** Codes 93E24, 93E35, 93E10 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Exponential convergence for distributed smooth optimization under the restricted secant inequality condition

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Yi, Xinlei Zhang, Shengjun Yang, Tao Johansson, Karl H. Chai, Tianyou Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Sweden Department of Electrical Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China

This paper considers the distributed smooth optimization problem in which the objective is to minimize a global cost function formed by a sum of local smooth cost functions, by using local information exchange. The standard assumption for proving exponential/linear convergence of first-order methods is the strong convexity of the cost functions, which does not hold for many practical applications. In this paper, we first show that the continuous-time distributed primal-dual gradient algorithm converges to one global minimizer exponentially under the assumption that the global cost function satisfies the restricted secant inequality condition. This condition is weaker than the strong convexity condition since it does not require convexity and the global minimizers are not necessary to be unique. We then show that the discrete-time distributed primal-dual algorithm constructed by using the Euler's approximation method converges to one global minimizer linearly under the same condition. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Continuous time systems

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Guidance Vector Field Encoding based on Contraction Analysis 16

Guidance Vector Field Encoding based on Contraction Analysis

引用

16th European control Conference, ECC 2018

作者： Wu, Chengshuai Chen, Jian Jeltsema, DImitri Dai, And Chenxi State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Section Control Systems Engineering HAN University of Applied Science P.O. Box 2217 Arnhem6802 CE Netherlands Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State University Columbus43210 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783952426982

The guidance vector field encoding problem is revisited via exploiting the recently developed differential Lyapunov framework for contraction analysis. In control applications, a designed guidance vector field is utilized to guide a particle (such as a robot, or an end actuator) to converge to and circulate along a target curve, such as robot navigation, or motion planing. This paper proposes some new methods for guidance vector filed encoding. The methods analyze the guidance vector field encoding problem from a theoretical perspective providing insights into the problem, and it shows that the contraction analysis is a natural theoretical tool for guidance vector encoding. Furthermore, the differences and relations between the proposed result and the previous methods are discussed. Simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2018 European control Association (EUCA).

关键词： Robots

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