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International Conference on control and Automation (ICCA)

作者： P. Krishnamurthy F. Khorrami Control/Robotics Research Laboratory (CRRL) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Polytechnic Institute of New york University Brooklyn NY USA

In this paper, the design of a nonlinear robust adaptive dynamic output-feedback controller for voltage-fed dual-axis linear stepper (Sawyer) motors is addressed using a detailed motor model with electrical dynamics and significant uncertainties and disturbances. The proposed controller utilizes only position measurements in each axis, and achieves practical stabilization of position tracking errors. Velocity and current measurements are not required for feedback. Furthermore, the only electromechanical motor parameter that is required to be known is the time constant of the electrical subsystem. Adaptations are utilized to remove requirement of knowledge of any other electromechanical system parameters. The controller is robust to load torques, friction, cogging forces, and other disturbances satisfying certain bounds. The controller also corrects for the yaw rotation to achieve synchrony of motor and rotor teeth.

关键词： Permanent magnet motors Reluctance motors Observers Force Windings Robustness Current measurement

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New simplified model for an under-actuated quadruped robot in bounding motion

New simplified model for an under-actuated quadruped robot i...

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International Conference on control, Instrumentation, and Automation

作者： Hamed Kazemi Vahid Johari Majd Majid M. Moghaddam Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tarbiat Moalem University Tehran Iran Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Robotics and Mechatronics Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Department Tarbiat Moalem University Tehran Iran Mechanical Engineering Department Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran

In this paper, a quadruped robot is studied in bounding motion. A new simplified model of quadruped robot in bounding motion with four actuated and two unactuated joints is developed. The kinetic and potential energies of the under-actuated mechanical model of the quadruped robot are obtained and the dynamics of the robot model is derived using the Lagrangian method. It is shown that the dynamical equation of the proposed simplified model belongs to a class of second-order nonholonomic mechanical systems. The main motivation of this paper is to obtain quadruped model in bounding motion such that one can apply different control methods directly or after transformation in the obtained dynamic equations. Utilizing MATLAB, dynamics of the planar model has been simulated in backward and forward states. Physical parameters of the Little-Dog robot as an instance of the quadruped robot are considered in simulation The simulation is without control and therefore is unstable but it illustrates robot's manner in bounding motion before instability.

关键词： Mathematical model Legged locomotion Dynamics Equations Joints Robot kinematics

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Histogram based frontier exploration

Histogram based frontier exploration

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2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Amir Mobarhani Shaghayegh Nazari Amir H. Tamjidi Hamid D. Taghirad Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems Laboratory (ARAS) Electrical and Computer Engineering Department K. N. Toosi University of Technology Iran

This paper proposes a method for mobile robot exploration based on the idea of frontier exploration which suggests navigating the robot toward the boundaries between free and unknown areas in the map. A global occupancy grid map of the environment is constantly updated, based on which a global frontier map is calculated. Then, a histogram based approach is adopted to cluster frontier cells and score these clusters based on their distance from the robot as well as the number of frontier cells they contain. In each stage of the algorithm, a sub-goal is set for the robot to navigate. A combination of distance transform and A* search algorithms is utilized to generate a plausible path toward the sub-goal through the free space. This way keeping a reliable distance from obstacles is guaranteed while searching for the shortest path toward the sub-goal. When such a path is generated, a B-spline interpolated and smoothed trajectory is produced as the control reference for the mobile robot to follow. The whole process is iterated until no unexplored area remains in the map. The efficiency of the method is shown through simulated and real experiments.

关键词： Robots Image resolution Navigation Reliability Tracking

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Feature referenced tip localization enhanced by probability motion model for AFM based nanomanipulations

Feature referenced tip localization enhanced by probability ...

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2011 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2011

作者： Yuan, Shuai Liu, Lianqing Wang, Zhidong Xi, Ning Wang, Yuechao Dong, Zaili Wang, Zhiyu Wang, Zhibo State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang Liaoning Province 110016 China College of Information and Control Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang 110168 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100001 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48823 United States Department of Advanced Robotics Chiba Institute of Technology Chiba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781457721373

The spatial uncertainties of tip positioning due to the nonlinearity of the PZT scanner and thermal drift hinder the further application of the AFM based nanomanipulation. This paper brings forward feature referenced tip localization enhanced by probability motion model to reduce the spatial uncertainties. An improved motion model is probabilistically built by incorporating the PI model, the creep model and the thermal drift model. For calibrating the accurate model parameters, the statistical experiments are designed and performed. Then the tip position is optimally estimated by combining with a local scan based feature sensing method. The simulation and corresponding experiments are performed to illustrate the validity and feasibility of the calibrated parameters and the algorithm. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Micromanipulators

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On the Polyhedral Set-Invariance Conditions for Time-Delay systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2011年第1期44卷 308-313页

作者： Warody Lombardi Sorin Olaru Mircea Lazar Georges Bitsoris Silviu-Iulian Niculescu SUPELEC Systems Sciences (E3S) – Automatic Control Department France LSS – Laboratory of Signals and Systems SUPELEC-CNRS Gif-sur-Yvette France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering – University of Patras Patras Greece Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands

Abstract In this paper the concept of set invariance for time-delay systems is introduced with a specific attention to the linear discrete-time case. We are interested in the definition of a D(elay) -invariant set with respect to a bounded polyhedral subset of the state-space. D -invariance conditions are derived based on the Minkowski addition in a first stage, and subsequently translated in feasibility-based tests in order to obtain an efficient computation time

关键词： Set Invariance Constrained systems Time-Delay systems

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A Globally Asymptotically Stable Polynomial Vector Field with no Polynomial Lyapunov Function

A Globally Asymptotically Stable Polynomial Vector Field wit...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Amir Ali Ahmadi Miroslav Krstic Pablo A. Parrilo Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cymer Center for Control Systems and Dynamics Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California at San Diego

We give a simple, explicit example of a two-dimensional polynomial vector field that is globally asymptotically stable but does not admit a polynomial Lyapunov function.

ISBN: (纸本)9781612848006

We give a simple, explicit example of a two-dimensional polynomial vector field that is globally asymptotically stable but does not admit a polynomial Lyapunov function.

关键词： Liapunov function Vector field Polynomial asymptotic

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Low power and fast DCT architecture using multiplier-less method

Low power and fast DCT architecture using multiplier-less me...

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2011 Faible Tension Faible Consommation, FTFC 2011

作者： El Aakif, M. Belkouch, S. Chabini, N. Hassani, M.M. Embedded Systems and Digital Control Laboratory National School of Applied Sciences University of Cadi Ayyad Av. Abdelkarim Khattabi Guéliz Marrakech Morocco Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Royal Military College of Canada Kingston ON Canada Faculty of Sciences Semlalia University of Cadi Ayyad Marrakech Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9781612846477

In this paper, a low power and fast DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) using multiplier-less method is presented with a new modified FGA (Flow-Graph Algorithm), which is derived from our previously presented FGA of DCT based on Loeffler algorithm. The multiplier-less method is based on the replacement of multiplications with a minimum number of additions and shifts. The proposed FGA is performed and compared to a previous one. The results of FPGA implementations on Altera Cyclone II show the increase of the maximum frequency, the decrease of the resources usage and the reduction of the dynamic power by 7.2 % at 120 MHz of clock frequency with a new proposed FGA algorithm. Another comparison with recent published results has been done and proves the efficiency of the proposed FGA. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Dynamic vehicle routing for robotic systems

Dynamic vehicle routing for robotic systems

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作者： Bullo, Francesco Frazzoli, Emilio Pavone, Marco Savla, Ketan Smith, Stephen L. Center for Control Dynamical Systems and Computation Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California in Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 United States Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91109 United States Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

Recent years have witnessed great advancements in the science and technology of autonomy, robotics, and networking. This paper surveys recent concepts and algorithms for dynamic vehicle routing (DVR), that is, for the automatic planning of optimal multivehicle routes to perform tasks that are generated over time by an exogenous process. We consider a rich variety of scenarios relevant for robotic applications. We begin by reviewing the basic DVR problem: demands for service arrive at random locations at random times and a vehicle travels to provide on-site service while minimizing the expected wait time of the demands. Next, we treat different multivehicle scenarios based on different models for demands (e.g., demands with different priority levels and impatient demands), vehicles (e.g., motion constraints, communication, and sensing capabilities), and tasks. The performance criterion used in these scenarios is either the expected wait time of the demands or the fraction of demands serviced successfully. In each specific DVR scenario, we adopt a rigorous technical approach that relies upon methods from queueing theory, combinatorial optimization, and stochastic geometry. First, we establish fundamental limits on the achievable performance, including limits on stability and quality of service. Second, we design algorithms, and provide provable guarantees on their performance with respect to the fundamental limits. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive algorithms

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FPGA implementation of a pipelined 2D-DCT and simplified quantization for real-time applications

FPGA implementation of a pipelined 2D-DCT and simplified qua...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and systems (ICMCS)

作者： Hatim Anas Said Belkouch M. El Aakif Noureddine Chabini Embedded Systems and Digital Control Laboratory University of Cadi Ayyad Marrakech Morocco Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Royal Military College of Canada Kingston ON Canada

The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is one of the most widely used techniques for image compression. Several algorithms are proposed to implement the DCT-2D. The scaled SDCT algorithm is an optimization of the DCT-1D, which consists in gathering all the multiplications at the end. In this paper, in addition to the hardware implementation on an FPGA, an extended optimization has been performed by merging the multiplications in the quantization block without having an impact on the image quality. Tests using MATLAB environment have shown that our proposed approach produces images with quality comparable to the ones obtained using the JPEG standard. FPGA-based implementations of this proposed approach and the Loeffler's algorithm are proposed and compared in this paper using an Altera Startix FPGA family with the synthesis and implementation tool Quartus II. Results show that our approach outperforms the well known Loeffler's algorithm in terms of processing-speed and resources used.

关键词： Discrete cosine transforms Quantization PSNR Field programmable gate arrays Image coding Transform coding

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Reports of the AAAI 2010 fall symposia

Reports of the AAAI 2010 fall symposia

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作者： Azevedo, Roger Biswas, Gautam Bohus, Dan Carmichael, Ted Finlayson, Mark A. Hadzikadic, Mirsad Havasi, Catherine Horvitz, Eric Kanda, Takayuki Koyejo, Oluwasanmi Lawless, William F. Lenat, Doug Meneguzzi, Felipe Mutlu, Bilge Oh, Jean Pirrone, Roberto Raux, Antoine Sofge, Donald A. Sukthankar, Gita Van Durme, Benjamin Yorke-Smith, Neil Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology McGill University Canada Center for Intelligent Systems Vanderbilt University United States Microsoft Research Redmond United States Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Complex Systems Institute United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Media Lab. Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States ATR Intelligent Robotics and Communication Laboratories Kyoto Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin United States Department of Mathematics Paine College Augusta GA United States Cycorp Austin TX United States Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison United States University of Palermo Italy Honda Research Institute United States Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University United States American University of Beirut Lebanon SRI International's Artificial Intelligence Center United States

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) presented the 2010 Fall Symposium Series on November 11-13, 2010. The eight symposia included Cognitive and Metacognitive Educational systems, Commonsense Knowledge, Complex Adaptive systems: Resilience, Robustness, and Evolvability, Computational Models of Narrative, Dialog with Robots, Manifold Learning and Its Applications, Proactive Assistant Agents and Quantum Informatics for Cognitive, Social, and Semantic Processes. Cognitive and Metacognitive Educational systems aimed to provide a comprehensive definition of metacognitive educational systems that is inclusive of the theoretical, architectural, and educational aspects of this field. The AAAI Commonsense Knowledge Fall Symposium had the goal of bringing together the diverse elements of this community whose work benefits from or contributes to the representation of general knowledge about the world. One of the specific goals of Proactive symposium was to gather the researchers from various projects in assistant agents to share their wisdom in retrospect.

关键词： Semantics

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