To give autonomous mobile robots some kind of "social intelligence", they need to be able to recognize and interact with other agents in the world. This paper describes how a light signaling device can be us...
详细信息
To give autonomous mobile robots some kind of "social intelligence", they need to be able to recognize and interact with other agents in the world. This paper describes how a light signaling device can be used to identify another individual and to communicate simple information. By having the agents relatively close to each other, they share the same perceptual space, which allows them to sense or deduce implicit information concerning the context of their interaction. Using a vision- and sonar-based Pioneer I robot equipped with a colored-light signaling device, experimental results demonstrate how the robot. can interact with a human interlocutor in a ball-passing game.
To give an autonomous robot the ability to read symbols, we need to integrate character recognition techniques with methods to position the robot in front of the symbol, to capture the image that will be used in the i...
详细信息
To give an autonomous robot the ability to read symbols, we need to integrate character recognition techniques with methods to position the robot in front of the symbol, to capture the image that will be used in the identification process, and to validate the overall approach on a robot. Our goal is to address the different aspects required in making a mobile robotic platform recognize symbols placed in real world environment, using current hardware and software capabilities. Validated on a Pioneer 2 robot, the approach described in this paper uses colors to detect symbols, a PID controller to position the camera, simple heuristics to select image regions that could contain symbols, and finally a neural system for symbol identification. Results in different lighting conditions are presented.
In this paper PI and PID controllers augmented by a Smith predictor structure are compared to ordinary PI and PID controllers, for plants with medium and great time delays. The comparison is based an a systematic eval...
详细信息
In this paper PI and PID controllers augmented by a Smith predictor structure are compared to ordinary PI and PID controllers, for plants with medium and great time delays. The comparison is based an a systematic evaluation method, where both robustness and performance aspects in different frequency regions are taken into account. The results show that a Smith predictor increases performance somewhat for a PID controller when the time delay is moderate. For great time delays, however, the improvement is insignificant. An important remark is that it is necessary to include the predictor structure in the design to get acceptable robustness properties. For a PI controller the benefits from a predictor are mostly small or negligible independent of time delay. Most important is, however that a derivative part obviously will bring significantly greater improvement than a Smith predictor to a system with a PI controller. This result is somewhat surprising, since Smith predictors are normally used together with PI and not with PID controllers. Furthermore, it is sometimes argued that it is no use to include derivative action for plants with significant time delay.
A Simulink robotic toolkit (SRTK) for the Puma 560 robot manipulator is developed on the MATLAB/Simulink-based platform. Through the use of the real-time Linux target and the real-time Windows target, the SRTK can be ...
详细信息
A Simulink robotic toolkit (SRTK) for the Puma 560 robot manipulator is developed on the MATLAB/Simulink-based platform. Through the use of the real-time Linux target and the real-time Windows target, the SRTK can be executed on the Linux or Win32-based operating systems in real-time. Moreover, the graphical user-friendly nature of Simulink allows the SRTK to be a flexible tool that can easily be customized to fit the specific needs of the user, that is, based on the layered approach of the SRTK, the user can perform operations such as calibration, joint control, Cartesian control, Cartesian PD control, impedance control, some trajectory generation tasks, and real-time simulation of the Puma 560 through a user-friendly MATLAB-based graphical user interface without writing any code. The SRTK allows a researcher to use the Puma 560 without the burden of the external issues related to the control, interface, and software issues, while providing for the flexibility for easily modifying components for increased functionality.
We develop a new method for wheeled mobile robot (WMR) fault detection. Specifically, we develop kinematic and dynamic models of the WMR in the presence of faults such as a change in the wheel radius (e.g., deformatio...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0780367367
We develop a new method for wheeled mobile robot (WMR) fault detection. Specifically, we develop kinematic and dynamic models of the WMR in the presence of faults such as a change in the wheel radius (e.g., deformation, broken spoke, flat tire) or general kinematic disturbances that model slipping or skidding faults. Utilizing the WMR models, we employ a torque filtering technique to develop a prediction error based fault detection residual. The structure of the prediction error allows for fault detection despite parametric uncertainty in the WMR model.
The paper seeks to begin a discussion with regard to developing standardized computer aided control system design (CACSD) tools that are typically utilized in an undergraduate controls laboratory. The advocated CACSD ...
详细信息
The paper seeks to begin a discussion with regard to developing standardized computer aided control system design (CACSD) tools that are typically utilized in an undergraduate controls laboratory. The advocated CACSD design tools are based on the popular, commercially available MATLAB environment, the Simulink toolbox, and the Real-Time Workshop toolbox. The primary advantages of the proposed approach are as follows: 1) the required computer hardware is low cost, 2) commercially available plants from different manufacturers can be supported under the same CACSD environment with no hardware modifications, 3) both the Windows and Linux operating systems can be supported via the MATLAB based Real-Time Windows Target and the Quality Real Time systems (QRTS) based Real-Time Linux Target, and 4) the Simulink block diagram approach can be utilized to prototype control strategies; thereby, eliminating the need for low level programming skills. It is believed that the above advantages related to standardization of the CACSD design tools will facilitate: 1) the sharing of laboratory resources within each university (i.e., between departments) and 2) the development of Internet laboratory experiences for students (i.e., between universities).
This paper describes a behavior-based method of controlling an autonomous skid-steer robot operating in an unknown environment. We introduce a new modular, neural-fuzzy system called a threshold fuzzy system (TFS). Su...
详细信息
This paper describes a behavior-based method of controlling an autonomous skid-steer robot operating in an unknown environment. We introduce a new modular, neural-fuzzy system called a threshold fuzzy system (TFS). Supervised training, using error backpropagation, is used to find optimal parameters of the TFS. In this paper, a TFS controller is developed for a skid-steer autonomous vehicle system (AVS). Several hundred simulations are conducted and results for the AVS are compared (favorably) with a traditional neural network approach.
This paper weighs up the pros and cons of three different tracking controllers for a pneumatic muscle actuator: robust backstepping, adaptive backstepping and sliding-mode. Robustness is assured for three controllers ...
详细信息
This paper weighs up the pros and cons of three different tracking controllers for a pneumatic muscle actuator: robust backstepping, adaptive backstepping and sliding-mode. Robustness is assured for three controllers in the presence of model uncertainties and external perturbations. Ultimate boundedness is proved for the robust and adaptive backstepping tracking controller. Exponential stability is proved for the sliding-mode tracking controller. The tracking is well achieved by the sliding-mode and the adaptive controller. On the contrary, the robust backstepping shows a noticeable tracking error. The sliding-mode leads to a high-frequency switching control law.
A nonlinear fuzzy backstepping controller is presented for set-point regulation of a pneumatic muscle actuator. Inflation and deflation are the two possible modes of operation of this actuator. Three fuzzy sets, one f...
详细信息
A nonlinear fuzzy backstepping controller is presented for set-point regulation of a pneumatic muscle actuator. Inflation and deflation are the two possible modes of operation of this actuator. Three fuzzy sets, one for each of both modes and one for the transition region, are considered. Each fuzzy set is associated with a local backstepping controller. At the inflation and deflation regimes, the associated controllers are exact backstepping controllers, whereas a robust nonlinear backstepping controller is used at the transition regime and deals with regime uncertainty. The use of fuzzy membership functions provides a smooth controller. The closed-loop system is globally and ultimately bounded.
Recent developments in the Internet have significantly increased the human capability to reach and obtain information from remote locations. In parallel, the advent of micro sensors and actuators makes it possible for...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0780367367
Recent developments in the Internet have significantly increased the human capability to reach and obtain information from remote locations. In parallel, the advent of micro sensors and actuators makes it possible for humans to sense and act in a microenvironment. Combined, the Internet and MEMS will produce a new technology for humans to sense and act in remote microenvironments, allowing the potential development of micro teleoperation and micro automation technologies. These new technologies have potential impact on several fields, including remote micro automation and biomedical engineering. In this paper, we will present our ongoing development of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sensors that can be used for force-reflective control of micromechanical devices over the Internet. Internet based teleoperation between Hong Kong and Michigan State was demonstrated using an event-based control scheme, which ensured stability and synchronization. control was enhanced by multimedia feedback, which included, in addition to the traditional video, force feedback. The force fed back augmented the limited information supplied by visual feedback. We believe this project will eventually make a great impact to the globalization of MEMS foundries because it will allow global users to micro-assemble and micro-manipulate surface micromachined devices from their laboratories, and hence, reduce the time from design to production significantly.
暂无评论