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A Novel Contour Tracing Algorithm for Object Shape Reconstruction Using Parametric Curves

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 331-350页

作者： Nihat Arslan Kali Gurkahraman Defence Technology Programme Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58070Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivas58140Turkey

Parametric curves such as Bézier and B-splines, originally developedfor the design of automobile bodies, are now also used in image processing andcomputer vision. For example, reconstructing an object shape in an image,including different translations, scales, and orientations, can be performedusing these parametric curves. For this, Bézier and B-spline curves can be generatedusing a point set that belongs to the outer boundary of the object. Theresulting object shape can be used in computer vision fields, such as searchingand segmentation methods and training machine learning algorithms. Theprerequisite for reconstructing the shape with parametric curves is to obtainsequentially the points in the point set. In this study, a novel algorithm hasbeen developed that sequentially obtains the pixel locations constituting theouter boundary of the object. The proposed algorithm, unlike the methods inthe literature, is implemented using a filter containing weights and an outercircle surrounding the object. In a binary format image, the starting point ofthe tracing is determined using the outer circle, and the next tracing movementand the pixel to be labeled as the boundary point is found by the filter ***, control points that define the curve shape are selected by reducing thenumber of sequential points. Thus, the Bézier and B-spline curve equationsdescribing the shape are obtained using these points. In addition, differenttranslations, scales, and rotations of the object shape are easily provided bychanging the positions of the control points. It has also been shown that themissing part of the object can be completed thanks to the parametric curves.

关键词： Contour tracing algorithm bézier curve B-spline curve object shape reconstruction

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Silver Nanowire based Highly Flexible Lightweight Optically Transparent Thin Film for EMI Shielding Applications

Silver Nanowire based Highly Flexible Lightweight Optically ...

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2024 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2024

作者： Choudhary, Anshuman Akhtar, M. Jaleel Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India Department of Electrical Engineering & Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379693

A flexible, optically transparent and lightweight silver nanowires (AgNWs) based thin film is demonstrated for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. The process involves the synthesis of silver nanowires with a length of 60 µm and a diameter of 169 nm using the polyol process. These AgNWs are then deposited on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet via drop-casting to create a silver nanowire-polyethylene terephthalate (AgNWPET) layer. The resulting thin film forms AgNW networks with a sheet resistance (Rs) of 70.73 Ω/sq, which provides conductive paths for the EM waves in the specified frequency band thereby providing adequate shielding. This film is found to be quite effective as the EMI shielding layer, providing a total shielding effectiveness (SET) above 10 dB in the X-band (8.2-10.5 GHz), for a thickness of only 100.8 µm. The proposed AgNWPET film is also simulated using the CST Microwave Studio to optimize various parameters, and the measured SET agrees well with the simulated results. The high aspect ratio (355) of AgNWs allows optical frequencies to pass through, thereby making it optically transparent. The proposed thin sheet is lightweight, highly flexible, and optically transparent, making it ideal for EMI shielding applications in the aerospace and defense industry. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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Can LLMs Help Create Grammar?: Automating Grammar Creation for Endangered Languages with In-Context Learning 31

Can LLMs Help Create Grammar?: Automating Grammar Creation f...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Spencer, Piyapath T. Kongborrirak, Nanthipat Language and Information Technology Programme Faculty of Arts CU Thailand LMU Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

In the present-day documenting and preserving endangered languages, the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a promising approach. This paper explores how LLMs, particularly through in-context learning, can assist in generating grammatical information for low-resource languages with a limited amount of data. We take Moklen as a case study to evaluate the efficacy of LLMs in producing coherent grammatical rules and lexical entries using only bilingual dictionaries and parallel sentences of the unknown language without building the model from scratch. Our methodology involves organising the existing linguistic data and prompting to efficiently enable to generate formal XLE grammar. Our results demonstrate that LLMs can successfully capture key grammatical structures and lexical information, although challenges such as the potential for English grammatical biases remain. This study highlights the potential of LLMs to enhance language documentation efforts, providing a cost-effective solution to generate linguistic data and contributing to the preservation of endangered languages. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Context free languages

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Removal of 2,6-dichlorophenol by adsorption with activated polypropylene nanofiber

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Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences 2024年第8期36卷 677-683页

作者： Krishnaiah, Duduku Baskaran, Arswitaa Anisuzzaman, S.M. Reddy Prasad, D.M. Chemical Engineering Programme School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Sabah Kota Kinabalu88999 Malaysia Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Programme Area Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Tungku Highway GadongBE1410 Brunei

2,6-Dichlorophenol is an organochloride of phenol, and it is considered one of the emerging pollutants in wastewater due to its extreme corrosive nature and toxicity even at low concentrations. Melt-blown activated polypropylene (PP) nanofiber is a polymeric adsorbent and it is used to investigate the removal of 2,6-dichlorophenol. The high surface-to-volume ratio, high porosity, low surface energy, low density, and excellent mechanical characteristics of melt-blown PP nanofiber make it a suitable adsorbent. On the removal efficiency of 2,6-dichlorphenol, the influence of the initial concentration of 2,6-dichlorphenol, the weight of PP nanofiber utilized, temperature, and pH of the solution were examined. The Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 44.44 mg/g, was found to be the best match for the adsorption isotherm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy were used to examine melt-blown PP nanofiber before and after adsorption (FTIR). Through SEM images, it was proven that the average diameter of PP nanofiber after adsorption had increased up to 7.93 μm. Furthermore, the existence of phenolic chemicals on the surface of PP nanofiber is confirmed by FTIR analysis spectra. The pseudo-first-order model matched the kinetic data nicely. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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CHOOSING INFORMATION technology AS A MAJOR;ARE THERE GENDER DIFFERENCES? 52

CHOOSING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AS A MAJOR;ARE THERE GENDER ...

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52nd Annual Conference of the European Society for Engineering: Educating Responsible Engineers, SEFI 2024

作者： Virkki, O.T. Information Technology Degree Programme Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences Helsinki Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9782873520274

The popularity of studying computing disciplines has varied considerably over the last decades. The low share of female students, however, has remained constant. The issue extends beyond educational institutions to society as a whole, as the growing Information technology (IT) industry requires more IT professionals, and IT faculties fail to supply enough proficient graduates with diverse backgrounds. The aim of this study is to consider attraction to higher education IT studies from the perspective of IT majors. Students are regarded as experts by experience in the study. In developing pedagogical, administrative, and recruiting practices, their voices should be heard. The online survey utilised a novel dialectical three-phase question method (D3P) combining open and closed questions to elicit initial, informed, and prioritised opinions of the respondents. Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods provides diverse perspectives to the phenomenon under study. Students' opinions on factors attracting into IT studies underlined high employment rates, interest in IT, good salary, and versatile career options. The study revealed significant differences between genders. Women emphasised good salary and interest in problem solving while men were more interested in IT and technology in general. The dialectical three-phase question method proved to be informative: It combined the benefits and limited the issues of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. © 2024 SEFI 2024 - 52nd Annual Conference of the European Society for Engineering, Proceedings: Educating Responsible Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wages

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FSS Integrated Hybrid Nanocomposite Microwave Absorber Structure for Stealth Applications

FSS Integrated Hybrid Nanocomposite Microwave Absorber Struc...

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2023 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2023

作者： Choudhary, Anshuman Tahalyani, Jitendra Akhtar, M. Jaleel Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Materials Science Programme Kanpur India Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Department of Electrical Engineering Materials Science Programme Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328264

In this work, a hybrid microwave absorber (MA) comprising the frequency selective surfaces (FSS) and a thin lossy nanocomposite sheet, for stealth technology in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) is proposed. The first step here requires the synthesis of exfoliated graphite (EG) and the barium strontium titanate (BST) fillers using the microwave-assisted intercalation and sol-gel techniques, respectively. The EG (4 wt%) and BST (10 wt%) fillers are then embedded into the epoxy resin to obtain the EGBST lossy nanocomposite sheet. The reflection coefficient (S11) of up to 13.7 dB covering a 10-dB absorption bandwidth of 1.94 GHz from 7.92-9.86 GHz is attained for this nanocomposite sheet having 2.1 mm thickness. Afterwards, the EGBST nanocomposite sheet is integrated with an optimized FSS layer to realize a hybrid MA (HMA) structure to enhance the overall absorption bandwidth. The optimized HMA structure enhances the 10-dB absorption bandwidth of the resultant sample to 3.67 GHz (8.12-11.79 GHz) covering 90% of X-band for a thickness of just 2 mm (∼ λ / 15), attaining a minimum reflection coefficient of -28 dB. The proposed nanocomposite-based hybrid microwave absorber can potentially be used for the radar applications conforming to the stealth technology. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) dielectric property exfoliated graphite (EG) Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) hybrid microwave absorber (HMA) reflection coefficient (S11)

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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 based on artificial intelligence-assisted smartphone:A review

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 25-34页

作者： Yunxin Li Jinghui Zhang Jisen Chen Feng Zhu Zhiqiang Liu Peng Bao Wei Shen Sheng Tang School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore

In recent years,the application of smartphone in various fields has received great attention,and it has become a promising tool in virus detection,data processing and data *** the rapid spread of COVID-19 around the world,many traditional detection methods have been combined with smartphone to assist in the analysis and detection of the novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2),including electrochemistry,fluorescence and *** the gradual development of artificial intelligence(AI),the combination of AI and smartphone to analyze SARS-CoV-2 was also the focus of *** on the summary of the traditional methods combined with smartphone to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus,in addition to AI-based data processing,AI algorithms are also employed for SARS-CoV-2 detection *** review discussed both strategies and focused on the application of the *** combination of AI algorithm and smartphone to detect SARS-CoV-2 has high accuracy,which is more conducive to meeting the needs of portable *** addition,the classification of SARS-CoV-2 virus samples in biological fluids such as blood and saliva was also ***,this paper briefly discussed the limitations of using smartphone analysis to detect SARS-CoV-2,as well as the prospect and future development of virus *** conclusion,the detection methods based on smartphone and AI algorithms show great potential in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and can be a valuable complement to traditional analysis methods.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 virus Detection method Smartphone analysis Artificial intelligence

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Characterization of Pineapple Leaves Reinforced Cement Based Composites

Characterization of Pineapple Leaves Reinforced Cement Based...

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Green Materials and Electronic Packaging Interconnect technology Symposium, EPITS 2024

作者： Ramli, Rosmamuhamadani Nor Azlan, Alif Akhyar Osman, Syaiful Zakaria, Mohd Nazarudin M. Yahaya, Sabrina Material Science Technology Programme Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Eco-Technology Programme Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknnologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Applied Chemistry Programme Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknnologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628704

The cement-based composite material known as concrete is a brittle material. After the formation of a fracture, the material is unable to absorb force and breaks immediately. Cracks can be caused by microcracks or shear stress in the interfacial transition zone between the aggregates, which is the weakest region in the matrix. The strength of concrete is determined by the link between the particles in the concrete matrix. Cracks can also arise as a result of shear stress. As a result of the widespread usage of concrete in construction, this may present a potential risk to safety. In the event that the concrete is not strong enough to absorb tension, it may result in potentially hazardous circumstances, such as accidents that occur close to the building. The use of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) into the concrete recipe will result in an improvement in its workability. In the course of this investigation, a variety of PLAF concentrations-0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% were combined with water, cement, and sand. The purpose of the characterisation was to ascertain the water absorptivity of PALF cement-based composites as well as their mechanical parameters, which included compressive and flexural strength. In order to examine the microstructures of the cement composites, the machines that were utilized were the Universal Testing Strength (UTS) and the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The composite material that was based on cement was produced by combining water, cement, sand, and PALF. The fiber content of the composite material was composed of 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.%. According to the findings that were obtained, the incorporation of natural fibers resulted in an increase in the flexural toughness of the composite material, which was 0.611 MPa, and the rate of water absorption by the material was 29.9%. Nevertheless, the compressive stress was reduced to 0.977 MPa as a result of the improper distribution of the fiber and the large length of the fiber. Through the utilization o

关键词： Shear stress

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From Construction to Societal Value: A Meta-Evaluation of Seven Public Building Projects 16

From Construction to Societal Value: A Meta-Evaluation of Se...

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16th International Conference on ENTERprise Information Systems, CENTERIS 2024 - 12th International Conference on Project MANagement, ProjMAN 2024 - 14th International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies, HCist 2024

作者： Engebø, Atle Welde, Morten Volden, Gro Holst Concept Research Programme Norwegian University of Science and Technology Høgskoleringen 7a Trondheim7034 Norway

Public buildings play an important role in societies, offering value that exceeds their physical attributes. Given this significance, it is crucial to examine public investment projects, the underlying criteria and rationale for these investments, and the effectiveness of their implementation. Evaluations are essential tools for assessing public projects and extracting valuable insights. This paper presents the findings from a meta-evaluation by synthesising the results of seven evaluations of public building projects. These projects encompass a diverse range of functions, including opera houses, border control facilities, university and research buildings, and a prison. Although the projects were generally successful, the meta-evaluation identified areas for improvement and extracted lessons that can inform future initiatives. Defining goals remains a challenge;a building should serve broader societal objectives, making the goal-setting process more than a mere formality. This ensures that the design and purpose of the building align with wider societal aims. Also, while all projects were relevant and aligned with societal priorities, the evaluations suggested that less costly and potentially more effective alternatives might have been overlooked. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Ex-post Evaluation Governance Project Evaluation Project management

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Engineering human immune organoids for translational immunology

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Bioactive Materials 2025年第2期44卷 164-183页

作者： Intan Rosalina Suhito Christina Sunil Andy Tay Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583Singapore Institute of Health Innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599Singapore Tissue Engineering Programme National University of Singapore117510Singapore

Animal models have been extensively used as a gold standard in various biological research,including immu-nological *** high availability and ease of handling procedure,they inadequately represent complex interactions and unique cellular properties in humans due to inter-species genetic and microenvironmental differences which have resulted in clinical-stage *** technology has gained enormous attention as they provide sophisticated insights about tissue architecture and functionality in miniaturized *** this review,we describe the use of organoid system to overcome limitations in animal-based investigations,such as physiological mismatch with humans,costly,time-consuming,and low throughput *** organoids are one of the specific advancements in organogenesis ex vivo,which can reflect human adaptive immunity with more physiologically relevant *** discuss how immune organoids are established from patient-derived lymphoid tissues,as well as their characteristics and functional features to understand immune mechanisms and ***,some bioengineering perspectives are considered for any potential progress of immuno-engineered organoids.

关键词： Lymphoid organ Organoids Human adaptive immune system In vitro immune model

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