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Record High Temperatures in the Ocean in 2024

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第6期 1092-1109页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin E.TRENBERTH James REAGAN Huai-Min ZHANG Andrea STORTO Karina VON SCHUCKMANN Yuying PAN Yujing ZHU Michael E.MANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Fujiang YU Ricardo LOCARNINI John FASULLO Boyin HUANG Garrett GRAHAM Xungang YIN Viktor GOURETSKI Fei ZHENG Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Dakui WANG Licheng FENG Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Gengxin CHEN Rongwang ZHANG Alexey MISHONOV Zhetao TAN Wangxu WEI Huifeng YUAN Guancheng LI Qiuping REN Lijuan CAO Yayang LU Juan DU Kewei LYU Albertus SULAIMAN Michael MAYER Huizan WANG Zhanhong MA Senliang BAO Henqian YAN Zenghong LIU Chunxue YANG Xu LIU Zeke HAUSFATHER Tanguy SZEKELY Flora GUES National Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of St. Thomas School of Engineering NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research University of Auckland National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental Information National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) Mercator Ocean International Department of Earth and Environmental Science University of Pennsylvania Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of China North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies (NCICS) North Carolina State University Oceanographic Data Center Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Oceanography Hohai University National Marine Data and Information Service Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica eVulcanologia Sede di Bologna South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences ESSIC/CISESS-MD University of Maryland Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration Ministry of Ecology and Environment National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Xiamen University Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Research Department European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Department of Meteorology and Geophysics University of Vienna College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense Technology State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources Stripe Inc. South San Francisco Ocean Scope CELAD

Heating in the ocean has continued in 2024 in response to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere,despite the transition from an El Ni?o to neutral conditions. In 2024, both global sea surface temperature(SST) and upper2000 m ocean heat content(OHC) reached unprecedented highs in the historical record. The 0–2000 m OHC in 2024exceeded that of 2023 by 16 ± 8 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules = 1021 Joules, with a 95% confidence interval)(IAP/CAS data), which is confirmed by two other data products: 18 ± 7 ZJ(CIGAR-RT reanalysis data) and 40 ± 31 ZJ(Copernicus Marine data,updated to November 2024). The Indian Ocean, tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Southern Ocean also experienced record-high OHC values in 2024. The global SST continued its record-high values from2023 into the first half of 2024, and declined slightly in the second half of 2024, resulting in an annual mean of 0.61°C ±0.02°C(IAP/CAS data) above the 1981–2010 baseline, slightly higher than the 2023 annual-mean value(by 0.07°C ±0.02°C for IAP/CAS, 0.05°C ± 0.02°C for NOAA/NCEI, and 0.06°C ± 0.11°C for Copernicus Marine). The record-high values of 2024 SST and OHC continue to indicate unabated trends of global heating.

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Semantic QoS Ontology and Semantic Service Ranking Approach for IoT services

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Journal of Harbin Institute of technology(New Series) 2014年第6期21卷 102-112页

作者： Nwe Nwe Htay Win Jian-Min Bao Gang Cui Purevsuren Dalaijargal School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technolog Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Telecommunications and Network TechnologyMinistry of Education

Due to a rapid increase in the number of functionally equivalent web services at open and dynamic Io T service environment,Qo S has become a major discrimination factor to reflect the user's expectation and experience of using a *** are different languages and models for expressing Qo S advertisements and requirements among service providers and ***,it leads to the issues of semantic interoperability of Qo S information and semantic similarity match between a semantic description of the service being requested by the service consumer,and a formal description of the service being offered by the service *** this paper,we propose a hierarchical two-layer semantic Qo S ontology to promote the description and declaration of Qo S-based service information in detail for any domain and ***,we develop a semantic matchmaking algorithm to compare the web services according to their Qo S information and adopt analytical hierarchy process( AHP) to make decision for the ranked services depending on the Qo S *** comparison study and experimental result show that our proposed system is superior to other service ranking approaches.

关键词： IoT service environment semantic QoS ontology semantic matchmaking algorithm QoS-based service information analytical hierarchy process

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Twisted bilayer meta-device for on-demand terahertz polarization filtering

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Photonics Research 2025年第05期 1116-1129页

作者： HUI LI CHENHUI ZHAO WENHUI XU JIE LI CHENGLONG ZHENG QI TAN CHUNYU SONG HANG XU YUN SHEN JIANQUAN YAO Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University) Ministry of Education School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering Tianjin University Department of Physics School of Physics and Materials Science Nanchang University Sichuan Meteorological Optoelectronic Sensor Technology and Application Engineering Research Center Chengdu University of Information Technology Key Laboratory of Material Physics Ministry of Education School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University Key Laboratory of Photonic-Electronic Integration and Communication-Sensing Convergence (Southwest Jiaotong University) Ministry of Education Southwest Jiaotong University

Moiré meta-devices facilitate continuous and precise modulation of optical properties through the alteration of the relative alignment, such as twisting, sliding, or rotating of the metasurfaces. This capability renders them particularly suitable for dynamic applications, including zoom optics and adaptive imaging ***, such designs often sacrifice more complex functionalities, such as polarization manipulation, in favor of simplicity and tunability. Here, we propose and experimentally validate a design strategy for a twisted bilayer metasurface that exhibits both varifocal capabilities and polarization filtering properties. By selecting silicon pillars with polarization-maintaining properties for Layer Ⅰ and polarization-converting properties for Layer Ⅱ, the designed Moiré metasurface can become sensitive to specific polarization states. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed design can generate on-demand terahertz (THz) focused beams, achieving an average focusing efficiency exceeding 35% under x-linearly polarized (x-LP) illumination. This is accomplished by systematically varying the twisting angles p and q of Layer Ⅰ in relation to Layer Ⅱ in increments of 30°.Additionally, we provide numerical evidence that the focal length of the transmitted vortex beam can be adjusted using the same approach. The Moiré meta-device platform, which is engineered to modulate optical properties via mechanical twisting, obviates the necessity for external power sources or active materials. This generalized design strategy has the potential to significantly expedite the commercialization of multifunctional metasurfaces, which can produce high-precision optics across various practical applications.

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Research on temperature channel calibration of data-acquisition unit of automatic weather station

Research on temperature channel calibration of data-acquisit...

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IEEE 2011 10th International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, ICEMI 2011

作者： Wu, Xiangjuan Lv, Wenhua Xing, Hongyan Zou, Yingquan Jiangsu Technology and Engineering Center of Meteorological Sensor Network Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Meteorological Observation Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424481590

A method of utilizing active resistance network to calibrate the temperature channel of data-acquisition unit is proposed in this paper. This method changes gate-source voltage by micro-controller so as to simulate the resistance. Compares resistance value measured by data-acquisition unit with the simulated resistances to calibrate the performance of the data-acquisition unit. Take DT50 data-acquisition unit in CAWS600 AWS for an example. By software commands, output current and A/D sample duration time of the data-acquisition unit temperature channel are changed to resolve the problem of parameters mismatch, then this data-acquisition unit is calibrated effectively. The experiment result shows this approach provide a reliable means to calibrate AWS data-acquisition unit. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Calibration

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Load Feedback-Based Resource Scheduling and Dynamic Migration-Based Data Locality for Virtual Hadoop Clusters in OpenStack-Based Clouds

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Tsinghua Science and technology 2017年第2期22卷 149-159页

作者： Dan Tao Zhaowen Lin Bingxu Wang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks Nanjing 210003China Network and Information Center Institute of Network TechnologyScience and Technology on Information Transmission and Dissemination in Communication Networks LaboratoryNational Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network SecurityBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

With cloud computing technology becoming more mature, it is essential to combine the big data processing tool Hadoop with the Infrastructure as a Service（Iaa S） cloud platform. In this study, we first propose a new Dynamic Hadoop Cluster on Iaa S（DHCI） architecture, which includes four key modules： monitoring,scheduling, Virtual Machine（VM） management, and VM migration modules. The load of both physical hosts and VMs is collected by the monitoring module and can be used to design resource scheduling and data locality solutions. Second, we present a simple load feedback-based resource scheduling scheme. The resource allocation can be avoided on overburdened physical hosts or the strong scalability of virtual cluster can be achieved by fluctuating the number of VMs. To improve the flexibility, we adopt the separated deployment of the computation and storage VMs in the DHCI architecture, which negatively impacts the data locality. Third, we reuse the method of VM migration and propose a dynamic migration-based data locality scheme using parallel computing entropy. We migrate the computation nodes to different host（s） or rack（s） where the corresponding storage nodes are deployed to satisfy the requirement of data locality. We evaluate our solutions in a realistic scenario based on Open *** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our solutions that contribute to balance the workload and performance improvement, even under heavy-loaded cloud system conditions.

关键词： Hadoop resource scheduling data locality Infrastructure as a Service（Iaas） OpenStack

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A new wideband LNA using a g_m-boosting technique

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第1期35卷 84-90页

作者：陈亮李智群曹佳吴晨健张萌 Institute of RF- & OE- ICs Southeast University RFIC and System Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of China Southeast University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Network Technology

A new broadband low-noise amplifier （LNA） is proposed. The conventional common gate （CG） LNA exhibits a relatively high noise figure, so active gin-boosting technology is utilized to restrain the noise generated by the input transistors and reduce the noise figure. Theory, simulation and measurement are shown. An implemented prototype using 0.13 μm CMOS technology is evaluated using on-wafer probing. S11 and S22 are below -10 dB across 0.1-5 GHz. Measurements also show a gain of 18.3 dB with a 3 dB bandwidth from 100 MHz to 2.1 GHz and an ⅡP3 of-7 dBm at 2 GHz. The measured noise figure is better than 2.5 dB below 2.1 GHz, is better than 4.5 dB below 5 GHz, and at 500 MHz, it gets its minimum value 1.8 dB. The LNA consumes 9 mA from 1.5 V supply and occupies an area of 0.04 mm^2.

关键词： broadband LNA gm-boosting CMOS

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Wavelet weighted multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm based on fractional lower order statistics

Wavelet weighted multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm ...

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作者： Xu, Fang Guo, Yecai Guo, Jun Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Jiangsu 210044 China Jiangsu Technology and Engineering Center of Meteorological Sensor Network Nanjing Jiangsu 210044 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing Nanjing Jiangsu 210044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642259883

When environmental noise keeps to fractional lower order α-stable distribution, the convergence performance of the traditional blind equalization algorithm is unstable. To overcome the deficiency, on the basis of combining weighted multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm (WMMA) with fractional lower order statistics (FLOS), a wavelet weighted multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm based on FLOS is proposed. This proposed algorithm uses FLOS to suppress the α-stable noise, utilizes WMMA to adjust the modulus in the cost function, and uses normalized orthogonal wavelet transform to reduce the autocorrelation of the input signals. The computer simulation indicates that the proposed algorithm is suitable for the equalization of higher order QAM signals. Compared with constant modulus algorithm based on FLOS and WMMA based on FLOS, the convergence performance of this proposed algorithm is superior. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011.

关键词： Blind equalization

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Spin-dependent amplitude and phase modulation with multifold interferences via single-layer diatomic all-silicon metasurfaces

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Opto-Electronic Science 2025年第3期4卷 2-15页

作者： Hui Li Chenhui Zhao Jie Li Hang Xu Wenhui Xu Qi Tan Chunyu Song Yun Shen Jianquan Yao Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology(Tianjin University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Physics School of Physics and Materials ScienceNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Sichuan Meteorological Optoelectronic Sensor Technology and Application Engineering Research Center Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China

Diatomic metasurfaces designed for interferometric mechanisms possess significant potential for the multidimensional manipulation of electromagnetic waves,including control over amplitude,phase,frequency,and *** phase profiles with spin-selective properties are commonly associated with wavefront modulation,allowing the implementation of conjugate strategies within orthogonal circularly polarized *** control of these characteristics in a single-layered diatomic metasurface will be an apparent technological ***,spin-selective modulation of terahertz(THz)beams is realized by assembling a pair of meta-atoms with birefringent *** distinct modulation functions arise from geometric phase profiles characterized by multiple rotational properties,which introduce independent parametric factors that elucidate their physical *** arranging the key parameters,the proposed design strategy can be employed to realize independent amplitude and phase manipulation.A series of THz metasurface samples with specific modulation functions are characterized,experimentally demonstrating the accuracy of on-demand *** research paves the way for all-silicon meta-optics that may have great potential in imaging,sensing and detection.

关键词： diatomic metasurface geometric phase complex amplitude modulation spin-selective

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A 0.5 V divider-by-2 design with optimization methods for wireless sensor networks

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第5期34卷 115-120页

作者：王利丹李智群 Institute of RF- & OE-ICs Southeast University Engineering Research Center of RF-ICs & RF-Systems Ministry of EducationSoutheast University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Network Technology

A 0.5 V static master-slave D flip-flop （DFF） divider-by-2 is implemented with a 0.13 μm 1P8M RF- mixed signal CMOS process. Low-threshold transistors in a deep-N well with forward-body bias technology are used in the circuit. Each of the D-latch with source coupled logic consists of sensing and latching circuits. To increase the maximum operating frequency and decrease power consumption, the latching current is one half of the sensing current. The circuit optimization methods are described in this paper. The measured maximum operating frequency is 6.5 GHz and the minimum input singled-signal amplitude is 0.15 V.

关键词： low-threshold transistors deep-N well forward-body bias low voltage

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Design of ultralow power receiver front-ends for 2.4 GHz wireless sensor network applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第1期35卷 104-111页

作者：张萌李智群王曾祺吴晨健陈亮 Institute of RF- & OE-ICs Southeast University Engineering Research Center of RF-ICs & RF-Systems Ministry of Education Southeast University Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Network Technology

This paper presents the design of an ultralow power receiver front-end designed for a wireless sensor network （WSN） in a 0.18 μm CMOS process. The author designs two front-ends working in the saturation region and the subthreshold region respectively. The front-ends contain a two-stage cross-coupling cascaded common-gate （CG） LNA and a quadrature Gilbert IQ mixer. The measured conversion gain is variable with high gain at 24 dB and low gain at 7 dB for the saturation one, and high gain at 22 dB and low gain at 5 dB for the subthreshold one. The noise figure （NF） at high gain mode is 5.1 dB and 6.3 dB for each. The input 1 dB compression point （IPldB） at low gain mode is about -6 dBm and -3 dBm for each. The front-ends consume about 2.1 mA current from 1.8 V power supply for the saturation one and 1.3 mA current for the subthreshold one. The measured results show that, comparing with the power consumption saving, it is worth making sacrifices on the performance for using the subthreshold technology.

关键词： receiver front-end wireless sensor network （WSN） VG-LNA IQ-mixer low power subthresholdbiased

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