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2024 IAF Space Power Symposium at the 75th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2024

作者： Hoying, Madelyn Tretiakova, Anna Chen, Vanessa Ma, Clara Patel, Palak Mckinney, Lanie MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIT-Harvard Medical School Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts General Hospital Wellnum Center for Photomedicine United States Boston University Mechanical Engineering United States University of Waterloo Biomedical Engineering Canada MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Technology and Policy Planning United States MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering United States MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331312213

Human exploration of the lunar surface has large power requirements for both the lunar base and for rover exploration. NASA's recent contract awards indicate a reliance on fission surface power. While nuclear options provide reliable power to lunar base locations, they have a limited reach that restricts exploration capacity. The Space Explo¬ration Vehicle's 125-mile range only allows coverage of 0.34% of the lunar surface. A constellation of space-based solar power (SBSP) satellites paired with pressurized rovers allows 24-hour, full-surface coverage on excursions from the lunar base. Instead of narrowing exploration and science capabilities to the area around the base, preliminary anal¬ysis indicates the ability to extend a surface campaign's capabilities to full-surface coverage with 30 satellites in a 3 plane Walker-Delta Constellation with 54.7° inclination. This also provides dissimilar redundancy in the lunar surface power supply to add robustness to the overall mission architecture by providing an alternative method of powering the life support and critical power needs of the habitat in an emergency. A case study of constellation design, cost, lifetime, and power provided is conducted. In this study, we evaluate the impact of the additional exploration capacity on the MARTEMIS mission concept, which was named Best in Theme in the 2024 NASA RASC-AL design competition. MARTEMIS includes a campaign of 13 manned surface missions intended to evaluate architectural decisions and crit¬ical technologies for future Mars missions. Throughout the campaign, 148 astronauts will visit the lunar surface and conduct 332 EVAs. This campaign has the potential to significantly advance NASA's lunar science objectives while demonstrating Moon to Mars operations and technologies. A 125-mile EVA radius from a South Pole base reaches up to 8 of the 48 lunar geologic units;lunar science objectives target widespread sampling across all geologic units. The proposed SBSP constellation

关键词： NASA

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Entropy-modulated and interlayer-doped transition metal layered oxides enable high-energy-density sodium-ion capacitors

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8785-8793页

作者： Tiansheng Wang Yadong Li Zhengyuan Chen Qingshan Liu Jian Lang Langyuan Wu Wendi Dong Zhengyu Ju Hongsen Li Xiaogang Zhang Guihua Yu College of Physics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Storage College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustin 78712USA

In recent years,sodium-ion capacitors have attracted attention due to their cost-effectiveness,high power density and similar manufacturing process to lithium-ion ***,the utilization of oxide electrodes in traditional sodium-ion capacitors restricts their further advancement due to the inherent low operating voltage and electrolyte consumption based on their energy storage *** address these challenges,we incorporated Zn,Cu,Ti,and other elements into Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2) to synthesize P2-type Na_(0.7)Ni_(0.28)Mn_(0.6)Zn_(0.05)Cu_(0.02)Ti_(0.05)O_(2) with a modulated entropy and pillaring *** the synergistic interplay between the interlayer pillar and the entropy modulation within the layers,the material exhibits exceptional toughness,effectively shielding it from detrimental phase transitions at elevated voltage *** a result,the material showcases outstanding kinetic properties and long-term cycling stability across the voltage *** integrating these materials with hierarchical porous carbon nanospheres to form a"rocking chair"sodium-ion capacitor,the hybrid full device delivers a high energy density(171 Wh·kg^(-1))and high power density(5245 W·kg^(-1)),as well as outstanding cycling stability(77% capacity retention after 3000 cycles).This work provides an effective material development route to realize simultaneously high energy and power for next-generation sodium-ion capacitors.

关键词： sodium-ion capacitors entropy modulation high power density long-term cycling layered oxide

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The Environment-Vulnerability-Decision-technology Framework: A Process for Developing Multi-Disciplinary Decision Support Systems for Sustainable Development Applications 73

The Environment-Vulnerability-Decision-Technology Framework:...

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73rd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022

作者： Reid, Jack B. Lombardo, Seamus Ovienmahda, Ufuoma Jaffe, Caroline Wood, Danielle R. Program in Media Arts and Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIT United States Program in Medias Arts and Sciences Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIT United States

The Environment-Vulnerability-Decision-technology (EVDT) Framework is a process for developing multi-disciplinary, interactive decision support systems (DSS) for a variety of sustainable development applications. This framework seeks to support the use of Earth Observation and socioeconomic data in a format usable by non-experts, while harnessing cloud computing, machine learning, economic analysis, complex systems modeling, and systems engineering. It is characterized by five basic elements: (1) the use of systems architecture & stakeholder analysis to identify needs and understand the context;(2) collaborative development of the DSS that continues stakeholder engagement past the initial systems architecting;(3) a concept of the sustainable development application as a complex socio-enviro-technical system, typically involving the Environment, Human Vulnerability and Societal Impact, Human Behavior and Decision-Making, and technology Design;(4) an interactive decision-support system;and (5) A consideration towards modularity and re-use of DSS components in future applications. In particular, the EVDT Framework draws from the fields of systems architecture (and other systems engineering techniques), GIS, collaborative planning, and remote observation, each of which have complementary aspects that can be brought to bear on development challenges, particularly those of relatively small spatial scales (municipalities to metropolitan regions) that tend to be underserved by major international development programs. Over the past few years, the EVDT Framework has been used to develop DSSs for mangrove conservation in Brazil, flood resilience in Indonesia, invasive plant species management in Benin, cranberry bog renovation and wetland restoration in Massachusetts, and COVID-19 response in six major metropolitan areas around the world. These projects involved both space and non-space stakeholders including the Instituto Pereira Passos (IPP) (Rio de Janeiro's municipal data

关键词： Sustainable development

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Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrodes Produced by the Carbonation and Activation of Glucose with Potassium Nitrate

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ACS Applied Energy Materials 2024年第16期7卷 6873-6886页

作者： Wu, Chih-Yung Chang, Chia-Yu Tsai, Shu-Wei Lin, Shang-Chih Hsu, Tien-Chiu Hsieh, Tzu-Hsien Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701401 Taiwan International Degree Program on Energy in Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701401 Taiwan Institute of Space Systems Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701401 Taiwan Green Technology Research Institute CPC Corporation Kaohsiung Taiwan811251 Taiwan

The preparation of activated carbon has long been a subject of interest for researchers aiming to develop a straightforward and environmentally friendly method. This study introduces an approach for carbonizing glucose using potassium nitrate to ignite and carbonize glucose, resulting in the production of fluffy carbon. Activated carbon suitable for supercapacitor production can be obtained through postprocessing involving calcination and pickling. An important feature of this method is that it does not require the use of a strong alkali, such as potassium hydroxide, for the activation reaction following carbonization. Based on experimental results, optimal activated carbon is produced when the proportion of potassium nitrate in the feedstock is 50%. Furthermore, activated carbon with superior physical characteristics can be utilized in the assembly of organic electrolyte supercapacitors, and their electrical properties can be analyzed. The results indicate that the supercapacitor assembled by using activated carbon with 50% potassium nitrate in the raw material demonstrates the best performance. Its cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve approximates a rectangle and exhibits an almost vertical curve at low frequencies in the Nyquist plot. Additionally, for the analysis of the galvanostatic charge-discharge behavior of the supercapacitor, the curve maintains an equilateral triangle pattern even at a current density of 5A/g. The results also show that the best supercapacitor achieves 38.41 and 153.66 F/g for capacitor-specific capacitance and electrode-specific capacitance, respectively. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Potassium hydroxide

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Deep Learning-Based Automated Segmentation of Fiber Breaks in Advanced Composites 38

Deep Learning-Based Automated Segmentation of Fiber Breaks i...

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38th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, ASC 2023

作者： Jain, Sudhir Li, Carina Xiaochen Vuong, Daniel McGllick, Matthew Saifaee, Saeed Furtado, Carolina Kopp, Reed Joseph, Joshua Adjodah, Dhaval Rosini, Sebastian Sinclair, Ian Spearing, S. Mark Wardle, Brian L. Integrated Design and Management Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States MIT Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Departments of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956916

The heterogeneity of the microstructure and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) are associated with complex damage mechanisms that make failure prediction highly challenging. Typical damage mechanisms for CFRP include: (i) interlaminar cracking (delamination), (ii) matrix cracking, and (iii) fiber breakage. X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been utilized recently to identify the complex damage in progressive failure of CFRP in 3D and 4D (3D spatial and 1D temporal). However, these scans contain a large amount of data (≈10 GB/mm3), which makes it challenging to extract mechanistic insights in a reasonable time frame. In previous work, we presented the first deep learning (DL) convolutional neural network (CNN) segmentation of multiclass microscale matrix damage in CFRP. The trained CNN segments complex and sparse composite matrix damage mechanism to ≈ 99.99% agreement, with nearly 100% of human time eliminated, providing higher accuracy compared to human segmentation. In this work, we developed CNN-based method for the automated segmentation of fiber breaks using synchrotron radiation-based CT (SRCT) scans that have been human-labeled. The model employed a U-Net full CNN as the high-level encoder (feature extraction)-decoder (feature localization) structure, and VGG16 as the deep CNN backbone via the publicly available Segmentation Models GitHub repository. An unbiased evaluation was performed comparing the machine vs. the human-labeled ground truth. Finally, active learning was presented for the machine-assisted relabeling of datasets containing fiber breaks. The deep learning-based automated segmentation method demonstrated accurate identification (> 90%) of fiber breakage for CFRP. © 2023 by DEStech Publications, Inc. and American Society for Composites. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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An integrated MCDM approach to evaluating global and regional airline performance

Transport Economics and Management

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Transport Economics and Management 2025年 3卷 222-235页

作者： Kasım Kiracı Delft University of Technology Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Transport & Logistics Section Jaffalaan 5 Delft 2628 BX Netherlands Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics Department of Aviation Management Central Campus Iskenderun Hatay 31200 Turkiye

Airlines are the fundamental components of air transportation, which plays a critical role in global transportation. The study evaluates airlines' performance using the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. The implementation is conducted through an MCDM model. We analyse the financial, risk, and sustainability performance of 30 airlines for the period 2018–2022. The criteria weights were determined using 23 criteria grouped under seven dimensions with the LOPCOW method, and the alternatives were ranked using the TOPSIS method. This study enables a multi-dimensional assessment of airline performance by integrating two dimensions and four criteria related to sustainability and risk into the evaluation framework. Therefore, this study is the first attempt in the literature to simultaneously consider risk factors and multiple environmental criteria. In addition, the performance rankings of the airlines were compared based on their respective regions. The findings reveal that airline performance rankings follows distinct patterns. These patterns were classified into two categories: V-shaped and ∧-shaped . Furthermore, the findings highlighted significant differences in airline performance rankings at the regional level.

关键词： Airline Performance Sustainability Decarbonization Covid-19 TOPSIS VIKOR

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Adaptive multi-altitude search and sampling of sparsely distributed natural phenomena

Adaptive multi-altitude search and sampling of sparsely dist...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Jessica E. Todd Seth McCammon Yogesh Girdhar Nicholas Roy Dana Yoerger Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USA Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

In this paper, we propose a novel method for autonomously seeking out sparsely distributed targets in an unknown underwater environment. Our Sparse Adaptive Search and Sample (SASS) algorithm mixes low-altitude observations of discrete targets with high-altitude observations of the surrounding substrates. By using prior information about the distribution of targets across substrate types in combination with belief modelling over these substrates in the environment, high-altitude observations provide information that allows SASS to quickly guide the robot to areas with high target densities. A maximally informative path is autonomously constructed online using Monte Carlo Tree Search with a novel acquisition function to guide the search to maximise observations of unique targets. We demonstrate our approach in a set of simulated trials using a novel generative species model. SASS consistently outperforms the canonical boustrophedon planner by up to 36% in seeking out unique targets in the first 75-90% of time it takes for a boustrophedon survey. Additionally, we verify the performance of SASS on two real world coral reef datasets.

关键词： Surveys Adaptation models Monte Carlo methods Adaptive systems Marine vegetation Substrates Intelligent robots

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A review of noncatalytic and catalytic pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis products from lignocellulosic and algal biomass using Py-GC/MS

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Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2024年 134卷 51-64页

作者： Chen, Wei-Hsin Ho, Kuan-Yu Aniza, Ria Sharma, Amit Kumar Saravanakumar, Ayyadurai Hoang, Anh Tuan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan International Doctoral Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Uttarakhand Dehradun248007 India Directorate of Research SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur - 603203 Chengalpattu District Tamil Nadu India Faculty of Automotive Engineering Dong A University Danang Viet Nam

Biomass pyrolysis has garnered significant attention as a sustainable energy production method utilizing various biomass feedstocks. Pyrolysate is any product generated from the pyrolysis process, including solid, liquid, and gas types. This review focuses on the application of analytical pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) in the context of four pyrolysis modes: single feedstock pyrolysis, co-pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, and catalytic co-pyrolysis to gain insights into the characteristics of the pyrolysates. A comprehensive understanding of each pyrolysis mode's unique products, benefits, and limitations is achieved by analyzing the pyrolysates of different feedstocks, including lignocellulosic and algal biomass. Moreover, this study discusses the integration of Py-GC/MS with techniques such as density function theory (DFT), which focuses on estimating the reactions’ activation energies or kinetic studies concentrating on the reaction rate and mechanism to gain further insight into pyrolysis mechanisms. Lastly, design of experiment (DoE) techniques are proposed for pyrolysis optimization to obtain a more comprehensive assessment of the parameter's influence on pyrolysis factors and levels. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Pyrolysis

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Discovering Biological Hotspots with a Passively Listening AUV

Discovering Biological Hotspots with a Passively Listening A...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Seth McCammon Stewart Jamieson T. Aran Mooney Yogesh Girdhar Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Woods Hole MA Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

We present a novel system which blends multiple distinct sensing modalities in audio-visual surveys to assist marine biologists in collecting datasets for understanding the ecological relationship of fish and other organisms with their habitats on and around coral reefs. Our system, designed for the CUREE AUV, uses four hydrophones to determine the bearing to biological sound sources through beamforming. These observations are merged in a Bayesian Occupancy Grid to produce a 2D map of the acoustic activity of a coral reef. Simultaneously, the AUV uses unsupervised topic modeling to identify different benthic habitats. Combining these maps allows us to determine the level of acoustic activity within each habitat. We demonstrated the system in field trials on reefs in the U.S. Virgin Islands, where it was able to autonomously discover the favored habitats of snapping shrimp (genus Alpheus).

关键词： Surveys Temperature measurement Visualization Array signal processing Habitats Marine vegetation Fish

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Erratum to “Investigation of the effect of colorless distributed combustion method on the flame of methane/hydrogen fuel mixture using image processing method” [Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 116 4 (2025) 312-322]

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 128卷 359-366页

作者： Bugrahan Alabas Osman Kumuk Ahmet Ozcan Department of Aeronautical Engineering Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics Erciyes University Kayseri Turkiye Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology and Operatorship Program Iskenderun Vocational School of Higher Education Iskenderun Technical University Hatay Turkiye Deparment of Software Development School of Applied Sciences Cappadocia University Nevsehir Turkiye

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