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Soil Water Content Estimation over Plantation Area Using FMCW Radar

Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2023年 101卷 155-173页

作者： Ridhia, Fildha Pramudita, Aloysius Adya Suratman, Fiky Y. Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering Department Telkom University Indonesia Telecommunication Engineering Department Telkom University Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Telkom University Indonesia

In plantation areas, soil conditions affect the crop's quality. One of the crucial elements in the soil for plant survival is soil water content (SWC). Radar system has advantages that can be implemented for measuring SWC in plantation areas. A radar system operates by utilizing electromagnetic waves to obtain the dielectric characteristics of the soil. However, the presence of tea plants has become an obstacle to the radar wave propagation toward the soil layer. Re ected signal, which is in uenced by the presence of vegetation, makes the estimation of SWC inaccurate. Consequently, the estimation of SWC needs to consider the vegetation's effect. This study uses an FMCW radar system, which operates at a frequency of 24 GHz. A layer medium propagation model is proposed in this study to prove the relationship between the re ected signal and the SWC. The re ection coefficient extracted from the radar signal is used to estimate the SWC. The vegetation propagation constant was obtained from the average field measurement results. The gravimetric method is used to validate the SWC estimation in vegetation's presence using the radar system. The results of the field experiments showed that the proposed method succeeded in estimating the SWC by considering the presence of vegetation with an average error of 3.57%. The proposed method has the potential to be applied to plantation areas. © 2023, Progress In Electromagnetics Research B. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Vegetation

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Exciton-polaritons in a 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity with the presence of optical Stark effect

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 551-555页

作者： Kenneth Coker 郑楚媛 Joseph Roger Arhin Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Agyekum 张伟利 School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ho Technical UniversityHo 00233Ghana Telecommunication Engineering Department Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi 00233Ghana

This study investigates the properties of exciton-polaritons in a two-dimensional(2D)hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity in the presence of optical Stark *** both steady and dynamic state analyses,strong coupling between excitons of perovskite and cavity photons is revealed,indicating the formation of polaritons in the perovskite ***,it is found that an external optical Stark pulse can induce energy shifts of excitons proportional to the pulse intensity,which modifies the dispersion characteristics of the polaritons.

关键词： exciton-polaritons perovskite microcavity optical Stark effect

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An Adaptive Secondary Control Based on Recursive Neural Networks for Isolated Microgrids

Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal

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Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 2024年第4期22卷 137-142页

作者： Rodríguez, L. Pantoja, A. Revelo, J. Barco-Jiménez, J. Department of Electronics University of Nariño Colombia Program of Electronic Engineering University CESMAG Colombia Postgraduate Programs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering-PPIEE University of Valle Colombia Electrical Engineering Department University of Malaga Spain

This work proposes a model reference adaptive control based on recursive neural networks. This secondary-level controller corrects the deviations on the voltage and frequency setpoints of a simple primary control in an isolated microgrid (MG) with multiple distributed generators (DGs). The controller has two nonlinear autoregressive with external input neural networks to emulate the microgrid and guide the whole system according to an appropriate reference model. The networks are trained with synthetic data from a simulation MG and the order of the networks are obtained with a deterministic method. The method is tested with a three-units MG in a Matlab simulation under different working conditions. Results show the proper performance of the proposed controllers in comparison to a PI strategy. © 2024, European Association for the Development of Renewable Energy, Environment and Power Quality (EA4EPQ). All rights reserved.

关键词： Microgrids

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Optimal Placement of Aerial Base Station Utilizing Topographic Features

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 19882-19900页

作者： Cho, Yeonwoo Won, Jonghyeon Kim, Do-Yup Lee, Jang-Won Yonsei University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Seoul03722 Korea Republic of Incheon National University Department of Information and Telecommunication Engineering Incheon22012 Korea Republic of

In aerial base station (ABS) placement studies, leveraging information on topographic features for air-to-ground (A2G) channel analysis has been considered a promising approach. Recently, this approach has been studied in several works. However, these studies have predominantly focused on simplistic three-dimensional cuboid representations of topographic features, which do not adequately capture the complexity of real-world environments, thereby impeding accurate A2G channel analysis. In this paper, we propose a more advanced strategy by generalizing the shapes and arrangements of topographic features to enable their realistic and accurate representations. Utilizing these generalized topographic models, we study the problem of finding the ABS location for coverage maximization. To solve this problem, we identify so-called line-of-sight (LoS) and non-LoS (NLoS) zones formed by these generalized topographic features through geometric analysis and obtain straightforward derivations of the coverage area for any given ABS location. Building upon this foundation, we develop a new ABS placement strategy, termed the polygonal feature-aware ABS placement algorithm (FA-poly). Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FA-poly significantly outperforms existing baseline methods in terms of the coverage area, as it accurately identifies channel conditions by leveraging information on generalized topographic features and obtains the coverage area based on them. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Privacy and security of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) data and network: a comprehensive review

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Journal of engineering and Applied Science 2024年第1期71卷 1-30页

作者： Ajiboye, Priscilla Oyeladun Agyekum, Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Frimpong, Emmanuel Asuming Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Telecommunication Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The traditional electrical grid has to be digitally improved as digitalization and effective integration of renewable energy bring better efficiency, intelligence, and safety into the grid;hence, the transition from the traditional grid to a smart grid. A smart grid is a modernized and digitalized standard electrical infrastructure that has a key component known as the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). AMI, also known as smart metering, is a key technological enabler of the smart grid that allows automatic collection and reporting of power-consumed data via two-way communication networks. However, the collected power consumption data is confidential;hence, its privacy must be maintained. Similarly, for the benefit of the smart grid to be consistently maximized, the AMI data and network security must always be intact despite the evolving threats and attacks targeted at it. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the existing vulnerabilities/attacks, security and privacy challenges associated with the smart metering data and network system, its open issues, and future direction. The major contributions of this review paper lie in the AMI vulnerabilities, AMI state-of-the-art security schemes with their pros and cons, its communication protocols analysis, and its emerging security measures. This gave enumerated recommendations for the efficiency improvement of AMI security in terms of its latency reduction while implementing efficient security measures in its future work. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Network security

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Design and Analysis of an Optical Fiber Network for Vehicles Sensing System

Design and Analysis of an Optical Fiber Network for Vehicles...

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2024 International Conference on electrical and Information Technology, IEIT 2024

作者： Adriansyah, Muhammad Athallah Natali, Yus Apriono, Catur Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Depok Indonesia Telkom University Telecommunication Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516888

The increasing number of accidents on toll roads, predominantly caused by human error, underscores the critical need for enhanced vehicular safety systems. This research introduces a novel optical fiber network design that utilizes polymer optical fiber (POF) as both a sensor and communication medium to significantly improve the reliability and response time of vehicle safety mechanisms. The system was carefully developed and simulated using OptiSystem software, incorporating key components such as a continuous-wave laser operating at 1310 nm, NRZ encoding, and a Mach-Zehnder modulator, all chosen for their ability to optimize data transmission and minimize signal degradation. Comprehensive simulations were conducted to evaluate the system's performance, focusing on parameters like bit error rate (BER), signal integrity, and response time. The results demonstrate that the proposed design achieves a Q factor of 5.2628, an output power of -14.049 dBm, and a rise time of 0.07 ns. Additionally, the system's power margin of 13.951 dB confirms its robustness and suitability for real-world implementation with the potential to be a viable solution for advancing vehicular safety technologies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Continuous wave lasers

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Advanced Rice Leaf Disease Detection Using AgriRover: Enhancing Agricultural Monitoring and Crop Health Management 2

Advanced Rice Leaf Disease Detection Using AgriRover: Enhanc...

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2nd International Conference on Power, electrical, electronics and Industrial Applications, PEEIACON 2024

作者： Jyoti, Oishi Salam, Abdus Rifath, Ziharul Islam Hasan, Sazid Siddique, Md. Abu Ismail Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi Bangladesh Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering Rajshahi Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517984

Agriculture is pivotal for the economy of Bangladesh, providing livelihoods for the majority of its population and contributing significantly to its GDP. Rice stands out as the most significant crop among various agricultural products, yielding the highest volume of production in this country. A variety of diseases affecting rice crops can lead to reduced production, thereby impacting both the economy and demand. For this, early detection of these diseases can mitigate their detrimental effects on healthy crops and facilitate prompt pesticide application. This research involves the creation of a machine learning algorithm trained for identifying and categorizing healthy and diseased rice crops. Subsequently, the system is integrated into a rover that makes the system capable of traversing rugged land to assess the crops. A convolutional neural network known as DenseNet, comprising 201 layers, is introduced and leveraged as a pre-trained model for the classification of six categories of rice diseases. To ensure practicality and dependability in real-world scenarios, a rover is specifically engineered, enabling the deployment of the model. The rover is equipped to capture images of rice leaves and autonomously determine whether they are diseased or healthy, hence improving the overall detection and classification system of crops. The suggested approach represents a significant advancement in the holistic management of agricultural monitoring and crop health. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Study on Amplified Single Channel Millimeter-Wave Radio Over Fiber for 5G Fronthaul 4

Study on Amplified Single Channel Millimeter-Wave Radio Over...

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4th International Conference on electronic and electrical engineering and Intelligent System, ICE3IS 2024

作者： Shabira, Hanna Putri Natali, Yus Apriono, Catur Universitas Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Depok Indonesia Telkom University Telecommunication Engineering Program Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378368

This research study uses a radio over fiber at 28 GHz for a 5G fronthaul design that uses a single channel without and with amplification. For a 20 km distance, the downstream Q factor has not yet met the standard at 3.37, while upstream, it has increased to 10.76. The results show that the power received increases when an amplifier is used, but the Q factor and BER are not significantly improved. It shows that in this scheme, the dispersion factor is more dominant in influencing data transmission than the power level. From the current results, some issues can be further researched, such as dispersion compensation to improve the data transmission quality and suppress unwanted harmonic frequencies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Radio-over-fiber

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Single Channel Passive Optical Network with High Data Rate for Increasing Broadband Access Capacity

Single Channel Passive Optical Network with High Data Rate f...

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2024 International Conference on Information Technology Research and Innovation, ICITRI 2024

作者： Rayhan, Berlian Erlangga Natali, Yus Apriono, Catur Universitas Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Depok Indonesia Telecommunication Engineering Program Telkom University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376210

Digital transformation requires significant high data rate transmission for broadband access, including optical fiber networks. Increasing the data rate is a technique to provide more capacity linearly;however, its major challenge is dispersion, which limits its capacity in shorter distances. This research proposed an optical network design with a bitrate observation of 16 Gbps and 12.5 Gbps, respectively, for downstream and upstream in a single-channel passive optical network by applying the dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) to compensate for the dispersion of a 1: 64 splitting ratio. The results show that the compensating component improves the Q factor, which means that the dispersion can be suppressed. Without using DCF, the maximum downstream distance to meet the target is 30 km with a Q-Factor of 6.07. With DCF, a downstream distance of 40 km is still feasible, as the Q-Factor at 40 km is 7.06. Meanwhile, the upstream system shows unreachable performance in the transmission. Different considerations on data rate, input power, and other factors may contribute to the upstream results. More investigations are necessary to provide an upstream performance that achieves the expected condition. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Q factor measurement

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Study on Amplified Single-Channel Millimeter-Wave Radio Over Fiber for Improving Fronthaul Data Transfer Performance 12

Study on Amplified Single-Channel Millimeter-Wave Radio Over...

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12th electrical Power, electronics, Communications, Controls and Informatics Seminar, EECCIS 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379914

The advancement toward fifth-generation (5G) networks heralds a transformative era in the mobile sector, poised to revolutionize various intelligent automation applications and the Internet of Things (IoT), With its rapid connectivity and minimal latency, 5G is a crucial driver for innovations in IoT, AI, autonomous vehicles, virtual reality, and beyond. Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology is emerging as a key enabler for 5G, offering high-capacity, high-mobility, and long-range communication capabilities. Among the potential of 5G, Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology emerges as a solution to address the demands of 5G by seamlessly integrating wireless communication with optical fiber transmission systems, offering bandwidth, transmission capacity, and economic benefits. Evaluating critical parameters such as the Q factor, bit error rate (BER), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over optical spans up to 20 km, the study highlights the importance of semiconductor optical amplifier integration (SOA). The incorporation of SOA as a post-amplifier enhances signal robustness, improving Q factor and BER while managing SNR, ultimately meeting ITU standards, and ensuring signal integrity in 5G environments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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