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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2023

作者： Zhu, Zijian Zhang, Yichi Chen, Hai Dong, Yinpeng Zhao, Shu Ding, Wenbo Zhong, Jiachen Zheng, Shibao Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Institute for Ai Tsinghua University BNRist Center Thbi Lab Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Tech. China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province China Saic Motor Ai Lab Zhongguancun Laboratory China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

3D object detection is an essential perception task in autonomous driving to understand the environments. The Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) representations have significantly improved the performance of 3D detectors with camera inputs on popular benchmarks. However, there still lacks a systematic understanding of the robustness of these vision-dependent BEV models, which is closely related to the safety of autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we evaluate the natural and adversarial robustness of various representative models under extensive settings, to fully understand their behaviors influenced by explicit BEV features compared with those without BEV. In addition to the classic settings, we propose a 3D consistent patch attack by applying adversarial patches in the 3D space to guarantee the spatiotemporal consistency, which is more realistic for the scenario of autonomous driving. With substantial experiments, we draw several findings: 1) BEV models tend to be more stable than previous methods under different natural conditions and common corruptions due to the expressive spatial representations;2) BEV models are more vulnerable to adversarial noises, mainly caused by the redundant BEV features;3) Camera-LiDARfusion models have superior performance under different settings with multi-modal inputs, but BEV fusion model is still vulnerable to adversarial noises of both point cloud and image. These findings alert the safety issue in the applications of BEV detectors and could facilitate the development of more robust models. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous driving

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SpreadFGL: Edge-Client Collaborative Federated Graph Learning with Adaptive Neighbor Generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhong, Luying Pi, Yueyang Chen, Zheyi Yu, Zhengxin Miao, Wang Chen, Xing Min, Geyong College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of Education China School of Computing and Communications University of Lancaster United Kingdom School of Engineering Computing and Mathematics University of Plymouth United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Exeter United Kingdom

Federated Graph Learning (FGL) has garnered widespread attention by enabling collaborative training on multiple clients for semi-supervised classification tasks. However, most existing FGL studies do not well consider the missing inter-client topology information in real-world scenarios, causing insufficient feature aggregation of multi-hop neighbor clients during model training. Moreover, the classic FGL commonly adopts the FedAvg but neglects the high training costs when the number of clients expands, resulting in the overload of a single edge server. To address these important challenges, we propose a novel FGL framework, named SpreadFGL, to promote the information flow in edge-client collaboration and extract more generalized potential relationships between clients. In SpreadFGL, an adaptive graph imputation generator incorporated with a versatile assessor is first designed to exploit the potential links between subgraphs, without sharing raw data. Next, a new negative sampling mechanism is developed to make SpreadFGL concentrate on more refined information in downstream tasks. To facilitate load balancing at the edge layer, SpreadFGL follows a distributed training manner that enables fast model convergence. Using real-world testbed and benchmark graph datasets, extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SpreadFGL. The results show that SpreadFGL achieves higher accuracy and faster convergence against state-of-the-art algorithms. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph algorithms

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A Universal Unbiased Method for Classification from Aggregate Observations

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wei, Zixi Feng, Lei Han, Bo Liu, Tongliang Niu, Gang Zhu, Xiaofeng Shen, Heng Tao College of Computer Science Chongqing University China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project Japan Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University China Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence United Arab Emirates Sydney AI Centre School of Computer Science The University of Sydney Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China

In conventional supervised classification, true labels are required for individual instances. However, it could be prohibitive to collect the true labels for individual instances, due to privacy concerns or unaffordable annotation costs. This motivates the study on classification from aggregate observations (CFAO), where the supervision is provided to groups of instances, instead of individual instances. CFAO is a generalized learning framework that contains various learning problems, such as multiple-instance learning and learning from label proportions. The goal of this paper is to present a novel universal method of CFAO, which holds an unbiased estimator of the classification risk for arbitrary losses—previous research failed to achieve this goal. Practically, our method works by weighing the importance of each label for each instance in the group, which provides purified supervision for the classifier to learn. Theoretically, our proposed method not only guarantees the risk consistency due to the unbiased risk estimator but also can be compatible with arbitrary losses. Extensive experiments on various problems of CFAO demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aggregates

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D2TV: Dual Knowledge Distillation and Target-oriented Vision Modeling for Many-to-Many Multimodal Summarization

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liang, Yunlong Meng, Fandong Wang, Jiaan Xu, Jinan Chen, Yufeng Zhou, Jie Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Pattern Recognition Center WeChat AI Tencent Inc China School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China

Many-to-many multimodal summarization (M3S) task aims to generate summaries in any language with document inputs in any language and the corresponding image sequence, which essentially comprises multimodal monolingual summarization (MMS) and multimodal cross-lingual summarization (MXLS) tasks. Although much work has been devoted to either MMS or MXLS and has obtained increasing attention in recent years, little research pays attention to the M3S task. Besides, existing studies mainly focus on 1) utilizing MMS to enhance MXLS via knowledge distillation without considering the performance of MMS or 2) improving MMS models by filtering summary-unrelated visual features with implicit learning or explicitly complex training objectives. In this paper, we first introduce a general and practical task, i.e., M3S. Further, we propose a dual knowledge distillation and target-oriented vision modeling framework for the M3S task. Specifically, the dual knowledge distillation method guarantees that the knowledge of MMS and MXLS can be transferred to each other and thus mutually prompt both of them. To offer target-oriented visual features, a simple yet effective target-oriented contrastive objective is designed and responsible for discarding needless visual information. Extensive experiments on the many-to-many setting show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Additionally, we will contribute a many-to-many multimodal summarization (M3Sum) dataset. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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On the Effectiveness of Function-Level Vulnerability Detectors for Inter-Procedural Vulnerabilities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Zhen Wang, Ning Zou, Deqing Li, Yating Zhang, Ruqian Xu, Shouhuai Zhang, Chao Jin, Hai School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado SpringsCO United States Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China JinYinHu Laboratory Wuhan China

Software vulnerabilities are a major cyber threat and it is important to detect them. One important approach to detecting vulnerabilities is to use deep learning while treating a program function as a whole, known as function-level vulnerability detectors. However, the limitation of this approach is not understood. In this paper, we investigate its limitation in detecting one class of vulnerabilities known as inter-procedural vulnerabilities, where the to-be-patched statements and the vulnerability-triggering statements belong to different functions. For this purpose, we create the first Inter-Procedural Vulnerability dataset (InterPVD) based on C/C++ open-source software, and we propose a tool dubbed VulTrigger for identifying vulnerability-triggering statements across functions. Experimental results show that VulTrigger can effectively identify vulnerability-triggering statements and inter-procedural vulnerabilities. Our findings include: (i) inter-procedural vulnerabilities are prevalent with an average of 2.8 inter-procedural layers;and (ii) function-level vulnerability detectors are much less effective in detecting to-be-patched functions of inter-procedural vulnerabilities than detecting their counterparts of intra-procedural vulnerabilities. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open source software

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Equivariant diffusion for crystal structure prediction 24

Equivariant diffusion for crystal structure prediction

引用

Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Peijia Lin Pin Chen Rui Jiao Qing Mo Jianhuan Cen Wenbing Huang Yang Liu Dan Huang Yutong Lu School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China and National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou China Dept. of Comp. Sci. Tech. Institute for AI Tsinghua University Beijing China and Institute for AIR Tsinghua University Beijing China National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou China Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China Beijing China and Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods Beijing China

In addressing the challenge of Crystal Structure Prediction (CSP), symmetry-aware deep learning models, particularly diffusion models, have been extensively studied, which treat CSP as a conditional generation task. However, ensuring permutation, rotation, and periodic translation equivariance during diffusion process remains incompletely addressed. In this work, we propose EquiCSP, a novel equivariant diffusion-based generative model. We not only address the overlooked issue of lattice permutation equivariance in existing models, but also develop a unique noising algorithm that rigorously maintains periodic translation equivariance throughout both training and inference processes. Our experiments indicate that EquiCSP significantly surpasses existing models in terms of generating accurate structures and demonstrates faster convergence during the training process. Code is available at https://***/EmperorJia/EquiCSP.

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An efficient multi-attribute combinatorial auction for 4PL transportation service procurement

An efficient multi-attribute combinatorial auction for 4PL t...

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Chinese Control and Decision Conference, CCDC

作者： Na Yuan Haiming Liang Min Huang Yanfeng Zhang College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China Center for Network Big Data and Decision-Making Business School Sichuan University Chengdu China College of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China

In this paper, we study the mechanism design problem of combinatorial reverse auction for 4PL transportation service procurement (TSP) considering price and multiple non-price attributes. In order to achieve efficient winner determination and transportation request allocation, we develop a 0-1 programing model to minimize social cost, where social cost includes real transportation cost of 3PLs and the costs incurred by non-price attributes. A multi-attribute VCG (MA-VCG) reverse auction mechanism is proposed, which satisfies efficiency, incentive compatibility, individual rationality, and budget balance. Then, a numerical example is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed mechanism. Finally, sensitivity analysis is implemented to illustrate the influences of attribute preference, cost coefficient and other parameters on auction results.

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On the Effectiveness of Function-Level Vulnerability Detectors for Inter-Procedural Vulnerabilities

On the Effectiveness of Function-Level Vulnerability Detecto...

引用

International Conference on Software engineering (ICSE)

作者： Zhen Li Ning Wang Deqing Zou Yating Li Ruqian Zhang Shouhuai Xu Chao Zhang Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Jin YinHu Laboratory Wuhan China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado Springs Colorado USA Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9798400702174

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382143

Software vulnerabilities are a major cyber threat and it is important to detect them. One important approach to detecting vulnerabilities is to use deep learning while treating a program function as a whole, known as function-level vulnerability detectors. However, the limitation of this approach is not understood. In this paper, we investigate its limitation in detecting one class of vulnerabilities known as inter-procedural vulnerabilities, where the to-be-patched statements and the vulnerability-triggering statements belong to different functions. For this purpose, we create the first Inter -Procedural Vulnerability dataset (InterPVD) based on C/C++ open-source software, and we propose a tool dubbed VulTrigger for identifying vulnerability-triggering statements across functions. Experimental results show that VulTrigger can effectively identify vulnerability-triggering statements and inter-procedural vulnerabilities. Our findings include: (i) inter-procedural vulnerabilities are prevalent with an average of 2.8 inter-procedural layers; and (ii) function-level vulner-ability detectors are much less effective in detecting to-be-patched functions of inter-procedural vulnerabilities than detecting their counterparts of intra-procedural vulnerabilities.

关键词： Deep learning Detectors Open source software Software engineering

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Robot and its living space:A roadmap for robot development based on the view of living space

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第4期7卷 505-517页

作者： Xiaofeng Cai Huansheng Ning Sahraoui Dhelim Rongjuan Zhou Tao Zhang Yang Xu Yueliang Wan School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Cyberspace Data Analysis and Applications Beijing 100083China School of Foreign Studies University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083China Key Lab of Information Network Security Ministry of Public SecurityChina Run Technologies Co. LidBeijing China

Robot’s living space Human-robot relationship Robot humanization Hybrid intelligence Human-robot integrated society Robots,as the creation of humans,became an irreplaceable component in human *** the advancement of technologies,robots have become more and more intelligent and have been widely used in many fields,such as disease diagnosis,customer services,healthcare for the older people,and so *** robots made our lives much more convenient than ever before,they also brought many potential risks and challenges in technology,security,and *** better understand the development of robots,we proposed a concept of a robot’s living space and analyzed the role of robots in our *** this paper,we focus on setting a theoretical framework of the robot’s living space to further understand the human-robot *** research in this paper contains three central ***,we interpret the concept of the robot’s living space and the functions of each ***,we analyze and summarize the relative technologies which support robots living well in each ***,we provide advice and improvement measures based on a discussion of potential problems caused by the developments of *** the trend of robots humanization and human-robot society integration,we should seriously consider how to collaborate with intelligent robots to achieve hybrid *** build a harmonious human-robot integrated society,studying the robot’s living space and its relationship with humans is the prerequisite and roadmap.

关键词： Robot's living space Human-robot relationship Robot humanization Hybrid intelligence Human-robot integrated society

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Topological Correction of Subject-Level Intrinsic Connectivity Networks

Topological Correction of Subject-Level Intrinsic Connectivi...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Noah Lewis Armin Iraji Robyn Miller Vince D. Calhoun School of Computational Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging Data Science (TReNDS) Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia State University Emory University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Over the last several decades, researchers have sought to capture the underlying functional activity of the human brain from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). One well-studied and promising avenue of research is independent component analysis (ICA) to capture the maximally independent set of elements known as functional networks. These functional networks are represented as spatial maps or 3D images in which each voxel has a value associated with the given network. The current state-of-the-art methods use group-level spatial maps as a reference to provide estimates of subject-level maps, which are vulnerable to the low contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratio of fMRI signals. However, such approaches do not account for all group-level spatial information. As such, their subject-level estimate is still quite noisy. This work presents a novel method that leverages the topological properties of the group maps to improve subject-level estimations. We show that adding topological similarity constraints also improves subject-specific information.

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