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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gao, Chenyu Xu, Kaiwen Kim, Michael E. Zuo, Lianrui Li, Zhiyuan Archer, Derek B. Hohman, Timothy J. Moore, Ann Zenobia Ferrucci, Luigi Beason-Held, Lori L. Resnick, Susan M. Davatzikos, Christos Prince, Jerry L. Landman, Bennett A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Translational Gerontology Branch National Institute on Aging National Institutes of Health BaltimoreMD United States Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging National Institutes of Health BaltimoreMD United States AI2D Center for AI and Data Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States

Defacing is often applied to head magnetic resonance image (MRI) datasets prior to public release to address privacy concerns. The alteration of facial and nearby voxels has provoked discussions about the true capability of these techniques to ensure privacy as well as their impact on downstream tasks. With advancements in deep generative models, the extent to which defacing can protect privacy is uncertain. Additionally, while the altered voxels are known to contain valuable anatomical information, their potential to support research beyond the anatomical regions directly affected by defacing remains uncertain. To evaluate these considerations, we develop a refacing pipeline that recovers faces in defaced head MRIs using cascaded diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs). The DPMs are trained on images from 180 subjects and tested on images from 484 unseen subjects, 469 of whom are from a different dataset. To assess whether the altered voxels in defacing contain universally useful information, we also predict computed tomography (CT)-derived skeletal muscle radiodensity from facial voxels in both defaced and original MRIs. The results show that DPMs can generate high-fidelity faces that resemble the original faces from defaced images, with surface distances to the original faces significantly smaller than those of a population average face (p -4). For shin muscle, the correlation is statistically significant (p 0.05) when any defacing method is applied, suggesting that defacing might not only fail to protect privacy but also eliminate valuable information. We advocate two solutions for data sharing that comply with privacy: 1) share skull-stripped images along with measurements of facial and cranial features extracted before skull-stripping for public access, while acknowledging that this approach inherently compromises many research potentials;or 2) share the unaltered images with privacy enforced through policy restrictions. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Transforming Business with Generative ai Models Applications Trends

Transforming Business with Generative AI Models Applications...

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2024 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Computation-Based Sensor Applications, ICaiQSA 2024

作者： Alijoyo, Franciskus Antonius Reddy, L. Chandra Sekhar Selvi, V. Murugan, Rekha Kakad, Shital Balakumar, A. School of Business and Information Technology STMIK LIKMI Center for Risk Management and Sustainability Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Hyderabad India Mother Teresa Women's University Department of Computer Science Kodaikanal India Jain Deemed to Be University Chris Canadian Degree College Department of Commerce and Management Bangalore India Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Department of AI & DS Maharashtra Pune India K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering Department of ECE Trichy India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517953

Generative artificial intelligence (ai) has unexpectedly emerged as a transformative generation, with the functionality to revolutionize numerous business sectors by way of developing new and realistic content material from present records. Unlike traditional ai fashions that cognizance in the main on class and reputation obligations, generative ai excels at producing pics, text, tune, and films, which drives innovation and operational performance across a couple of industries. This examine explores the impact of generative ai, evaluating its packages, overall performance metrics, and emerging traits using a complete dataset from Kaggle that includes numerous statistics kinds such as pics, textual content, track, and video. The research technique includes a radical manner of information collection, rigorous preprocessing, and distinct function extraction and engineering. data preprocessing is important, related to the removal of replica records, addressing missing values through imputation techniques, and standardizing records codecs to make certain consistency and reliability. Feature extraction focuses on figuring out key attributes associated with generative ai applications and their effect on commercial enterprise performance. Feature engineering extends this through growing and selecting new metrics to seize the nuanced elements of ai improvements. Classification is completed the usage of both supervised and unsupervised learning techniques to successfully categorize and examine the effect of generative ai on exclusive commercial enterprise procedures. The proposed method achieves an outstanding accuracy of 98%, demonstrating its effectiveness and reliability. Implemented in Python, this approach indicates tremendous ability for boosting innovation and operational efficiency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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SimulFlow: Simultaneously Extracting Feature and Identifying Target for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hong, Lingyi Zhang, Wei Gao, Shuyong Lu, Hong Zhang, WenQiang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Engineering Research Center of AI & Robotics Ministry of Education Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University Shanghai China

Unsupervised video object segmentation (UVOS) aims at detecting the primary objects in a given video sequence without any human interposing. Most existing methods rely on two-stream architectures that separately encode the appearance and motion information before fusing them to identify the target and generate object masks. However, this pipeline is computationally expensive and can lead to suboptimal performance due to the difficulty of fusing the two modalities properly. In this paper, we propose a novel UVOS model called SimulFlow that simultaneously performs feature extraction and target identification, enabling efficient and effective unsupervised video object segmentation. Concretely, we design a novel SimulFlow Attention mechanism to bridege the image and motion by utilizing the flexibility of attention operation, where coarse masks predicted from fused feature at each stage are used to constrain the attention operation within the mask area and exclude the impact of noise. Because of the bidirectional information flow between visual and optical flow features in SimulFlow Attention, no extra hand-designed fusing module is required and we only adopt a light decoder to obtain the final prediction. We evaluate our method on several benchmark datasets and achieve state-of-the-art results. Our proposed approach not only outperforms existing methods but also addresses the computational complexity and fusion difficulties caused by two-stream architectures. Our models achieve 87.4% J &F on DAVIS-16 with the highest speed (63.7 FPS on a 3090) and the lowest parameters (13.7 M). Our SimulFlow also obtains competitive results on video salient object detection datasets. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical flows

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EDSep: An Effective Diffusion-Based Method for Speech Source Separation

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Dong, Jinwei Wang, Xinsheng Mao, Qirong School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications China Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China Audio Speech and Language Processing Group School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China

Generative models have attracted considerable attention for speech separation tasks, and among these, diffusion-based methods are being explored. Despite the notable success of diffusion techniques in generation tasks, their adaptation to speech separation has encountered challenges, notably slow convergence and suboptimal separation outcomes. To address these issues and enhance the efficacy of diffusion-based speech separation, we introduce EDSep, a novel single-channel method grounded in score matching via stochastic differential equation (SDE). This method enhances generative modeling for speech source separation by optimizing training and sampling efficiency. Specifically, a novel denoiser function is proposed to approximate data distributions, which obtains ideal denoiser outputs. Additionally, a stochastic sampler is carefully designed to resolve the reverse SDE during the sampling process, gradually separating speech from mixtures. Extensive experiments on databases such as WSJ0-2mix, LRS2-2mix, and VoxCeleb2-2mix demonstrate our proposed method’s superior performance over existing diffusion and discriminative models, validating its efficacy. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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The Future of Multimedia: Micro Facial Recognition in Advanced Systems 9

The Future of Multimedia: Micro Facial Recognition in Advanc...

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9th IEEE International Conference for Convergence in Technology, I2CT 2024

作者： Preethi, Thakkalapally Choudalla, Saila Ram Govathoti, Sudeepthi Rajasri, K. Mohsen, Karrar Shareef Prakash, Dudi Bhanu Sai Kumar, K. And Ai&ds India Andhra Pradesh Surampalem India Gitam Deemed-to-be-University Dept of Cse Gitam School of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India Mlr Institute of Technology Department of Electrical And Electronics Engineering Telangana Hyderabad India Al-Ayen University Information And Communication Technology Research Group Scientific Research Center Thi-Qar Iraq Cvr College of Engineering Department of Ece Hyderabad India Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Computer Science Green Fields Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram522302 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394474

Paper attendance systems are still widely used at many universities, consuming significant amounts of valuable classroom time. Furthermore, the system is likely to fail due to the possibility of human mistake and the rising chance of records being misplaced or lost altogether. The authors overcame this issue by automatically posting attendance information using a facial recognition software. This strategy also helps the school take a look at the student's financial situation. Attendance records and a list of slackers might be generated by the system. They can notify students and guardians via email of attendance and financial obligations. Using KNN deep learning methodology, photos taken by a CC camera or cell phone mounted at the door are used to identify students as they enter the classroom. This study incorporates ResNet and KNN-based Deep-learning technologies to extract useful information from low-quality photos. They might also use a video taken using a cell phone to keep track of attendance. The suggested method improves upon the state-of-the-art to the extent that it achieves an accuracy of 97.34 percent, sensitivity of 98.34 percent, recall of 97.23 percent, and an F1 score of 98.23 percent. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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Logging Multi-Component Supply Chain Production in Blockchain 2021

Logging Multi-Component Supply Chain Production in Blockchai...

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4th International Conference on computers in Management and Business, ICCMB 2021

作者： Madhwal, Yash Chistiakov, Ivan Yanovich, Yury Faculty of Computer Science National Research University Higher School of Economics Russia Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Russia Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering Skolkovo Inst. of Sci. and Technol. and Lab. of Data Mining and Predictive Modelling Inst. for Info. Transmiss. Prob. Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450388610

The supply chain is a thriving industry where numerous parties have different interests. Subsequently, the immense volume of data produced is difficult to audit. Some information can be lost or intentionally distorted in the process. Blockchain as an open, public, borderless, neutral, and censorship-resistant architecture can significantly complement supply chains. A new supply chain architecture is proposed in this work, where the tokenized directed acyclic hypergraph (DAG) represents real-world production processes. An anti-aerosol respirator manufacturing is used as an illustration example. By tokenizing all parts of multi-component products, supply chain data is automatically timestamped and secured. Moreover, the DAG design allows one to trace-back all the elements of the final product to their origin. Blockchain can formally audit the entire supply chain without the need to go from place to place. A single incorruptible operations log creates an enabling environment for an unbiased reputation system to emerge. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Smart contract

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Job-SDF: A Multi-Granularity dataset for Job Skill Demand Forecasting and Benchmarking

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Xi Qin, Chuan Fang, Chuyu Wang, Chao Zhu, Chen Zhuang, Fuzhen Zhu, Hengshu Xiong, Hui University of Science and Technology of China China Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences China Baidu Inc China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University China SKLSDE School of Computer Science Beihang University China AI Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The HongKong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

In a rapidly evolving job market, skill demand forecasting is crucial as it enables policymakers and businesses to anticipate and adapt to changes, ensuring that workforce skills align with market needs, thereby enhancing productivity and competitiveness. Additionally, by identifying emerging skill requirements, it directs individuals towards relevant training and education opportunities, promoting continuous self-learning and development. However, the absence of comprehensive datasets presents a significant challenge, impeding research and the advancement of this field. To bridge this gap, we present Job-SDF, a dataset designed to train and benchmark job-skill demand forecasting models. Based on millions of public job advertisements collected from online recruitment platforms, this dataset encompasses monthly recruitment demand. Our dataset uniquely enables evaluating skill demand forecasting models at various granularities, including occupation, company, and regional levels. We benchmark a range of models on this dataset, evaluating their performance in standard scenarios, in predictions focused on lower value ranges, and in the presence of structural breaks, providing new insights for further research. Our code and dataset are publicly accessible via the https://***/Job-SDF/benchmark. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Prediction models

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Constraint Boundary Wandering Framework: Enhancing Constrained Optimization with Deep Neural Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Wu, Shuang Chen, Shixiang Shen, Li Zhang, Lefei Tao, Dacheng Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Mathematical Foundations and Applications of Digital Technology School of Mathematical Sciences China Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University School of Cyber Science and Technology Shenzhen518107 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore

Constrained optimization problems are pervasive in various fields, and while conventional techniques offer solutions, they often struggle with scalability. Leveraging the power of deep neural networks (DNNs) in optimization, we present a novel learning-based approach, the Constraint Boundary Wandering Framework (CBWF), to address these challenges. Our contributions include introducing a boundary wandering strategy inspired by the active-set method, enhancing equality constraint feasibility, and treating the Lipschitz constant as a learnable parameter. Additionally, we evaluate the regularization term, illustrating that the nonsmooth L2 norm yields superior results. Extensive testing on synthetic datasets and the ACOPT dataset demonstrates CBWF's superiority, outperforming existing deep learning-based solvers in terms of both objective and constraint loss. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Global Enhanced Frame Prompt Tuning for Sound Event Detection

Global Enhanced Frame Prompt Tuning for Sound Event Detectio...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Shiyu Yu Lijian Gao Qirong Mao School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Sound Event Detection (SED) often employs pre-trained models to address data scarcity issues. However, existing systems usually treat the pretrained models as frozen feature extractors, resulting in suboptimal efficiency, or fully fine-tune the pretrained models, which requires substantial computational resources. To fully leverage the knowledge from pretrained models, we propose a novel Global Enhanced Frame Prompt Tuning (GE-FPT) framework, providing global and local insights tailored for SED tasks. Additionally, Frame Prompt Tuning (FPT) is proposed in our GE-FPT to effectively explore local temporal information, i.e., temporal details and context, which is essential for SED tasks, and in particular, for precise event boundary detection. Extensive experiments claim that our approach significantly outperforms full fine-tuning methods while substantially reducing computational costs. Our system achieves new state-of-the-art results, with PSDS1/PSDS2 scores of 0.628/0.845 on the DCASE2023 Challenge Task4 dataset. The source code is publicly available 1 .

关键词： Event detection Computational modeling Source coding Signal processing Feature extraction data models Acoustics Computational efficiency Speech processing Tuning

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Key Clues Guided Video Character Social Relationship Recognition Enhanced by LLM

Key Clues Guided Video Character Social Relationship Recogni...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wenlong Dong Qing Zhu Qirong Mao School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications China Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Video Character Social Relationship Recognition (VCSRR) requires a comprehensive consideration about spatio-temporal and multi-modal clues in videos. Most existing methods mainly focus on integrating multi-modal clues and modeling interactions among characters. However, they fail to discover key clues in the complex video data or fully understand the clues related to social relationships. In this article, we propose a novel Large Language Model Enhanced Key Clues Selection (LE-KCS) framework to address the aforementioned issues. The core of LE-KCS is to mine multi-scale key clues from the perspectives of time, space and multi-modality, then transfer the knowledge about social relationships of the Large Language Model to VCSRR for understanding the selected clues. We evaluated LE-KCS on the MovieGraphs dataset and the experimental results indicate that our proposed LE-KCS achieves state-of-the-art performance.

关键词： Accuracy Large language models Speech recognition Signal processing Acoustics Character recognition Speech processing

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