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Artificial neural network-based method for discriminating Compton scattering events in high-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 64-84页

作者： Chun-Di Fan Guo-Qiang Zeng Hao-Wen Deng Lei Yan Jian Yang Chuan-Hao Hu Song Qing Yang Hou College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

To detect radioactive substances with low activity levels,an anticoincidence detector and a high-purity germanium(HPGe)detector are typically used simultaneously to suppress Compton scattering background,thereby resulting in an extremely low detection limit and improving the measurement ***,the complex and expensive hardware required does not facilitate the application or promotion of this ***,a method is proposed in this study to discriminate the digital waveform of pulse signals output using an HPGe detector,whereby Compton scattering background is suppressed and a low minimum detectable activity(MDA)is achieved without using an expensive and complex anticoincidence detector and *** electric-field-strength and energy-deposition distributions of the detector are simulated to determine the relationship between pulse shape and energy-deposition location,as well as the characteristics of energy-deposition distributions for fulland partial-energy deposition *** relationship is used to develop a pulse-shape-discrimination algorithm based on an artificial neural network for pulse-feature *** accurately determine the relationship between the deposited energy of gamma(γ)rays in the detector and the deposition location,we extract four shape parameters from the pulse signals output by the *** learning is used to input the four shape parameters into the ***,the pulse signals are identified and classified to discriminate between partial-and full-energy deposition *** partial-energy deposition events are removed to suppress Compton *** proposed method effectively decreases the MDA of an HPGeγ-energy dispersive *** results show that the Compton suppression factors for energy spectra obtained from measurements on ^(152)Eu,^(137)Cs,and ^(60)Co radioactive sources are 1.13(344 keV),1.11(662 keV),and 1.08(1332 keV),respectively,and that the corresponding MDAs are 1.4%,5.

关键词： High-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer Pulse-shape discrimination Compton scattering Artificial neural network Minimum detectable activity

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Method for rapid warning and activity concentration estimates in online waterγ-spectrometry systems

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 1-12页

作者： Meng Wang Yi Gu Mao-Lin Xiong Liang-Quan Ge Qing-Xian Zhang Guo-Qiang Zeng Heng Lu Sheng-Liang Guo College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)Chengdu 610059China Chengdu New Ray Technology Co.Ltd Chengdu 610052China

Onlineγ-spectrometry systems for inland waters,most of which extract samples in situ and in real time,are able to produce reliable activity concentration measurements for waterborne radionuclides only when they are distributed relatively uniformly and enter into a steady-state diffusion regime in the measurement *** protect residents’health and ensure the safety of the living environment,better timeliness is required for this measurement *** address this issue,this study established a mathematical model of the online waterγ-spectrometry system so that rapid warning and activity estimates can be obtained for water under non-steady-state(NSS)*** addition,the detection efficiency of the detector for radionuclides during the NSS diffusion process was determined by applying the computational fluid dynamics technique in conjunction with Monte Carlo *** this basis,a method was developed that allowed the online waterγ-spectrometry system to provide rapid warning and activity concentration estimates for radionuclides in *** analysis of the NSS-mode measurements of^(40)K radioactive solutions with different activity concentrations determined the optimum warning threshold and measurement time for producing accurate activity concentration estimates for *** experimental results show that the proposed NSS measurement method is able to give warning and yield accurate activity concentration estimates for radionuclides 55.42 and 69.42 min after the entry of a 10 Bq/L^(40)K radioactive solution into the measurement chamber,*** times are much shorter than the 90 min required by the conventional measurement ***,the NSS measurement method allows the measurement system to give rapid(within approximately 15 min)warning when the activity concentrations of some radionuclides reach their respective limits stipulated in the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality of the WHO,suggesting that this method con

关键词： Water radioactivity monitoring Dynamic detection efficiency Rapid warning Activity estimation

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Research on accurate virtual trajectory length model for TGS transmission measurement

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 178-188页

作者： Rong-Rong Su San-Gang Li Chu-Xiang Zhao Li Yang Ming-Zhe Liu Shan Liao Zhi Zhou Qing-Shan Tan Zhi-Xing Gu Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Chengdu University of Technology)1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China

To accurately reconstruct the tomographic gamma scanning(TGS)transmission measurement image,this study optimized the transmission reconstruction equation based on the actual situation of TGS transmission *** the transmission reconstruction equation and the Monte Carlo program Geant4,an innovative virtual trajectory length model was *** model integrated the solving process for the trajectory length and detection efficiency within the same *** mitigate the influence of the angular distribution ofγ-rays emitted by the transmitted source at the detector,the transport processes of numerous particles traversing a virtual nuclear waste barrel with a density of zero were ***,a certain amount of information was captured at each step of particle ***,the model addressed the nonuniform detection efficiency of the detector end face by considering whether the energy deposition of particles in the detector equaled their initial *** models were established to validate the accuracy and reliability of the virtual trajectory length *** 1 was a simplified nuclear waste barrel,whereas Model 2 closely resembled the actual structure of a nuclear waste *** results indicated that the proposed virtual trajectory length model significantly enhanced the precision of the trajectory length determination,substantially increasing the quality of the reconstructed *** example,the reconstructed images of Model 2 using the“point-to-point”and average trajectory models revealed a signalto-noise ratio increase of 375.0%and 112.7%,***,the virtual trajectory length model proposed in this study holds paramount significance for the precise reconstruction of transmission ***,it can provide support for the accurate detection of radioactive activity in nuclear waste barrels.

关键词： Tomographic gamma scanning Transmission measurement reconstruction Geant4 Trajectory length model Nonuniform detection efficiency

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Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 46-56页

作者： Chu-Xiang Zhao San-Gang Li Rong-Rong Su Li Yang Ming-Zhe Liu Qing-Yue Xue Shan Liao Zhi Zhou Qing-Shan Tan Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China

A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization *** system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement *** conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision ***,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement *** were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this *** feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature *** research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents.

关键词： Weak current measurement system Neutron ionization chamber Kalman filter algorithm Temperature correction model

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FPGA implementation of 500-MHz high-count-rate high-time-resolution real-time digital neutron-gamma discrimination for fast liquid detectors

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 101-113页

作者： Hui‑Yin Shen Jing‑Long Zhang Jie Zhang Jian‑Hang Zhou College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Southwestern Institute of Physics P.O.Box 432Chengdu 610041China

Fast neutron flux measurements with high count rates and high time resolution have important applications in equipment such as *** this study,real-time neutron and gamma discrimination was implemented on a self-developed 500-Msps,12-bit digitizer,and the neutron and gamma spectra were calculated directly on an FPGA.A fast neutron flux measurement system with BC-501A and EJ-309 liquid scintillator detectors was developed and a fast neutron measurement experiment was successfully performed on the HL-2 M tokamak at the Southwestern Institute of Physics,*** experimental results demonstrated that the system obtained the neutron and gamma spectra with a time accuracy of 1 *** count rates of up to 1 Mcps,the figure of merit was greater than 1.05 for energies between 50 keV and 2.8 MeV.

关键词： Neutron-gamma discrimination Liquid scintillation detector Real-time spectrum analyzer

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Research on control and optimization of heavy-duty electromagnetic bearing of large-capacity energy storage flywheel 10

Research on control and optimization of heavy-duty electroma...

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10th IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, IPEMC 2024 ECCE Asia

作者： Zhao, Wenhao Liu, Wei Qu, Guangyu Jing, Hailian Huang, Jiancheng Chengdu University of Technology College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351330

The rotor of a large-capacity flywheel energy storage system will cause energy loss due to air and mechanical resistance during high-speed operation, and the traditional PID control cannot take into account the system robustness under the large-sized and heavy-loaded rotor of the electromagnetic bearing system. This paper takes the heavy-duty electromagnetic bearing system as the research object, builds a fractional-order PID controller suitable for this system, and compares and analyses the operating characteristics of the electromagnetic bearing with that of the electromagnetic bearing under traditional PID control. The study shows that for the large-capacity energy storage flywheel heavy-duty electromagnetic bearing system, the use of fractional-order PID control technology can provide better control performance and anti-jamming ability, and thus ensure the stability and safety of the energy storage flywheel system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Energy dissipation

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A nuclide identification method ofγspectrum and model building based on the transformer

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 80-93页

作者： Fei Li Chu-Yang Luo Ying-Zi Wen Sheng Lv Feng Cheng Guo-Qiang Zeng Jian-Feng Jiang Bing-Hai Li College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610000China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610000China Department of Physics Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08028Spain Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry Shijiazhuang 050000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Airborne Detection and Remote Sensing Technology Shijiazhuang 050000China

In current neural network algorithms for nuclide identification in high-background,poor-resolution detectors,traditional network paradigms including back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,recurrent neural networks,etc.,have been limited in research on γ spectrum analysis because of their inherent mathematical *** is difficult to make progress in terms of training data requirements and prediction *** contrast to traditional network paradigms,network models based on the transformer structure have the characteristics of parallel computing,position encoding,and deep stacking,which have enabled good performance in natural language processing tasks in recent ***,in this paper,a transformer-based neural network (TBNN) model is proposed to achieve nuclide identification for the first ***,the Geant4 program was used to generate the basic single-nuclide energy spectrum through Monte Carlo simulations.A multi-nuclide energy spectrum database was established for neural network training using random matrices of γ-ray energy,activity,and *** on the encoder–decoder structure,a network topology based on the transformer was built,transforming the 1024-channel energy spectrum data into a 32×32 energy spectrum sequence as the model *** experiments and adjustments of model parameters,including the learning rate of the TBNN model,number of attention heads,and number of network stacking layers,the overall recognition rate reached 98.7%.Additionally,this database was used for training AI models such as back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,residual networks,and long shortterm memory neural networks,with overall recognition rates of 92.8%,95.3%,96.3%,and 96.6%,*** indicates that the TBNN model exhibited better nuclide identification among these AI models,providing an important reference and theoretical basis for the practical application of transformers in the qualitative and quantitativ

关键词： Nuclide identification Neural network Transformer

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Power Allocation Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on AOA-VMD 11th

Power Allocation Optimization of Hybrid Energy Storage Syste...

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11th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical engineering, FAFEE 2024

作者： Liu, Wei Zhao, Wenhao Feng, Chengwu Jing, Hailian Fang, Xiao Liu, Yingcan Han, Yuecheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610059 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787791

With the construction and grid integration of large-scale photovoltaic power generation systems, utilizing energy storage technology to reduce grid-connected power fluctuations and enhance grid stability has become a research hotspot. This paper, based on a hybrid energy storage system composed of flywheels and lithium-ion batteries, analyzes the measured photovoltaic output power, establishes a hybrid energy storage system model to smooth the fluctuation rate of photovoltaic power generation. Addressing the power allocation issue of the hybrid energy storage system, an optimization algorithm (Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm, AOA) combined with Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) is employed to solve the model. The simulation results demonstrate that the AOA-VMD algorithm reduces the rated power of both lithium batteries and flywheels. This validates its superiority in smoothing photovoltaic output fluctuations and addressing the mode mixing problem of non-stationary signals, as well as its effectiveness in optimizing power allocation in hybrid energy storage systems. It enhances the efficiency and operational reliability of hybrid energy storage systems, thus advancing the large-scale application of renewable energy sources. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Hybrid power

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Analysis of the Characteristics of 110 Kv Cable Partial Discharge High-Frequency Current Signal 14

Analysis of the Characteristics of 110 Kv Cable Partial Disc...

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14th International Conference on Power and Energy Systems, ICPES 2024

作者： Cai, Lehui Chen, Tianxiang Jiang, Zhuofeng Gu, Hong College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391329

As an important part of power transmission, the safe operation of high-voltage cables is crucial. Partial discharge of 110 kV cable during operation is one of the main causes of cable failure, and it is of far-reaching theoretical significance and practical application value to monitor and analyze the signal generated by partial discharge. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between partial discharge and highfrequency current signal of 110 kV cable, and to identify whether partial discharge occurs by analyzing the characteristics of highfrequency current signal. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Signal analysis

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Development of Thick Film Integrated Circuit for nuclear Radiation Measurement

Development of Thick Film Integrated Circuit for Nuclear Rad...

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2024 Academic Conference of China Instrument and Control Society, ACCIS 2024

作者： Ren, Xi Hu, Chuanhao Zeng, Guoqiang Zhao, Honglin Li, Haotian Yue, Tao The college of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350326

Most existing nuclear radiation measurement circuits are implemented based on PCB board-level technology, which has low integration, significant signal loss, and is susceptible to environmental interference, thus preventing the achievement of high-precision measurements in complex radiation fields. Consequently, this paper presents research on thick-film integrated circuits for nuclear radiation measurement. Resistors, capacitors, wires, and the interconnections of devices, are fabricated on an Al2O3 ceramic substrate through a combination of film-forming and surfacemount technologies. A thick-film integrated circuit has been developed for the pre-amplification, filtering, and peak holding of nuclear radiation detectors. This circuit offers advantages such as high integration, minimal parasitic effects, radiation resistance, and robust anti-interference capabilities. An energy spectrum measurement system has been constructed, utilizing the dedicated thick-film integrated circuit developed in this paper, achieving an energy resolution of 6.2% at 662 keV for the 3-inch NaI(Tl) detector, and 3.0% at 662 keV for the 3-inch LaBr3(Ce) detector, and 4.5% at 59.5 keV for the 5mm×5mm quasi-hemispherical CZT detector. The energy spectrum measurement results indicate that the thick-film integrated circuit exhibits exceptional performance and possesses significant application potential within the domain of nuclear radiation detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Thick films

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