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An improved SSD for small target detection 2021

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An improved SSD for small target detection

6th International Conference on Multimedia and Image Processing, ICMIP 2021

作者： Li, Xiang Luo, Haibo Key Laboratory of Opt-Electronic Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110169 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Key Laboratory of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Shenyang Liaoning110016 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389167

SSD is one of heuristic one-stage target detection approaches. Although it has got impressive results in general target detection, it still struggles in small-size object detection and precise location. In this paper, we proposed an improved SSD which forces on the small-size target detection. We include a shallow and high resolution feature into the hierarchical detection feature which are used for prediction. Then, we fuse the detection features (including the shallow and high resolution one) as a feature pyramid through some convolution layers and unsample operations to pass information from deep features to the shallow ones, aiming to enrich the semantic information of the shallow features. To make the network easier to converge, we add a L2 normalization to the bottom detection feature of the feature pyramid to make a norm balance between each pyramid feature. The experimental results on the VEDAI dataset show that the proposed method has obtained impressive progress than the original SSD for the small targets detection. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Object detection

Robotic workcell for sole grasping in footwear manufacturing

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Robotic workcell for sole grasping in footwear manufacturing

International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Guillermo Oliver Pablo Gil Fernando Torres Automatics Robotics and Artificial Vision Lab (AUROVA). Computer Science Research Institute University of Alicante Spain

ISBN: (数字)9781728189567

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189574

The goal of this paper is to present a robotic workcell to automate several tasks of the cementing process in footwear manufacturing. Our cell's main applications are sole digitization of a wide variety of footwear, glue dispensing and sole grasping from conveyor belts. This cell is made up of a manipulator arm endowed with a gripper, a conveyor belt and a 3D scanner. We have integrated all the elements into a ROS simulation environment facilitating control and communication among them, also providing flexibility to support future extensions. We propose a novel method to grasp soles of different shape, size and material, exploiting the particular characteristics of these objects. Our method relies on object contour extraction using concave hulls. We evaluate it on point clouds of 16 digitized real soles in three different scenarios: concave hull, k-NNs extension and PCA correction. While we have tested this workcell in a simulated environment, the presented system's performance is scheduled to be tested on a real setup at INESCOP facilities in the upcoming months.

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FRT-PAD: Effective Presentation Attack Detection Driven by Face Related Task

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhang, Wentian Liu, Haozhe Liu, Feng Ramachandra, Raghavendra Busch, Christoph Computer Vision Institute Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Norwegian University of Science and Technology Gjøvik 2818 Norway

The robustness and generalization ability of Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) methods is critical to ensure the security of Face Recognition Systems (FRSs). However, in a real scenario, Presentation Attacks (PAs) are various and it is hard to predict the Presentation Attack Instrument (PAI) species that will be used by the attacker. Existing PAD methods are highly dependent on the limited training set and cannot generalize well to unknown PAI species. Unlike this specific PAD task, other face related tasks trained by huge amount of real faces (e.g. face recognition and attribute editing) can be effectively adopted into different application scenarios. Inspired by this, we propose to trade position of PAD and face related work in a face system and apply the free acquired prior knowledge from face related tasks to solve face PAD, so as to improve the generalization ability in detecting PAs. The proposed method, first introduces task specific features from other face related task, then, we design a Cross-Modal Adapter using a Graph Attention Network (GAT) to re-map such features to adapt to PAD task. Finally, face PAD is achieved by using the hierarchical features from a CNN-based PA detector and the re-mapped features. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve significant improvements in the complicated and hybrid datasets, when compared with the state-of-the-art methods. In particular, when training on the datasets OULU-NPU, CASIA-FASD, and Idiap Replay-Attack, we obtain HTER (Half Total Error Rate) of 5.48% for the testing dataset MSU-MFSD, outperforming the baseline by 7.39%. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Face recognition

Model-based Guidance, Navigation and Control architecture for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

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Model-based Guidance, Navigation and Control architecture fo...

OCEANS

作者： Jose Villa Guillem Vallicrosa Jussi Aaltonen Pere Ridao Kari T. Koskinen Tampere University Tampere Finland Computer Vision and Robotics Institute Universitat de Girona Girona Spain

ISBN: (数字)9781728154466

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184098

This article studies the design, modeling, and implementation of a model-based Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) architecture for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). First, effective simulation modeling is developed using a theoretical six-degree-of-freedom (6DoF) dynamic model. Then, this study considers two GNC algorithms (simple and advanced). The simple GNC algorithm considers three different kinds of PID controllers (velocity, velocity-position, and position), and the advanced GNC algorithm enables path-following and data acquisition and processing from an underwater sensor. The path following is based on the position control using a unique PID controller and obtains its waypoints from a wall detection algorithm. This wall detection algorithm uses a mechanical imaging sonar as the main perception sensor. Finally, an implementation challenge in two control scenarios is addressed to validate the designed GNC architecture and to carry out model-verification of the position PID controller.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicles Heuristic algorithms Sonar Sonar navigation Detection algorithms Vehicle dynamics Sonar detection

A graph neural network to model disruption in human-aware robot navigation

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Bachiller, Pilar Rodriguez-Criado, Daniel Jorvekar, Ronit R. Bustos, Pablo Faria, Diego R. Manso, Luis J. Robotics and Artificial Vision Laboratory University of Extremadura Extremadura Spain College of Engineering and Physical Sciences Aston University BirminghamB4 7ET United Kingdom Department of Computer Engineering Pune Institute of Computer Technology India

Autonomous navigation is a key skill for assistive and service robots. To be successful, robots have to minimise the disruption caused to humans while moving. This implies predicting how people will move and complying with social conventions. Avoiding disrupting personal spaces, people's paths and interactions are examples of these social conventions. This paper leverages Graph Neural Networks to model robot disruption considering the movement of the humans and the robot so that the model built can be used by path planning algorithms. Along with the model, this paper presents an evolution of the dataset SocNav1 [25] which considers the movement of the robot and the humans, and an updated scenario-to-graph transformation which is tested using different Graph Neural Network blocks. The model trained achieves close-to-human performance in the dataset. In addition to its accuracy, the main advantage of the approach is its scalability in terms of the number of social factors that can be considered in comparison with handcrafted models. The dataset and the model are available in a public repository. © 2021, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Graph neural networks

Semantic segmentation of underwater imagery: Dataset and benchmark

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Islam, Md Jahidul Edge, Chelsey Xiao, Yuyang Luo, Peigen Mehtaz, Muntaqim Morse, Christopher Enan, Sadman Sakib Sattar, Junaed Interactive Robotics and Vision Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Minnesota Robotics Institute University of Minnesota Twin CitiesMN United States

In this paper, we present the first large-scale dataset for semantic Segmentation of Underwater IMagery (SUIM). It contains over 1500 images with pixel annotations for eight object categories: fish (vertebrates), reefs (invertebrates), aquatic plants, wrecks/ruins, human divers, robots, and sea-floor. The images are rigorously collected during oceanic explorations and human-robot collaborative experiments, and annotated by human participants. We also present a comprehensive benchmark evaluation of several state-of-the-art semantic segmentation approaches based on standard performance metrics. Additionally, we present SUIM-Net, a fully-convolutional deep residual model that balances the tradeoff between performance and computational efficiency. It offers competitive performance while ensuring fast end-to-end inference, which is essential for its use in the autonomy pipeline by visually-guided underwater robots. In particular, we demonstrate its usability benefits for visual servoing, saliency prediction, and detailed scene understanding. With a variety of use cases, the proposed model and benchmark dataset open up promising opportunities for future research on underwater robot vision. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

Simultaneous enhancement and super-resolution of underwater imagery for improved visual perception

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Islam, Md Jahidul Luo, Peigen Sattar, Junaed Interactive Robotics and Vision Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Minnesota Robotics Institute University of Minnesota Twin CitiesMN United States

In this paper, we introduce and tackle the simultaneous enhancement and super-resolution (SESR) problem for underwater robot vision and provide an efficient solution for near real-time applications. We present Deep SESR, a residual-in-residual network-based generative model that can learn to restore perceptual image qualities at 2×, 3×, or 4× higher spatial resolution. We supervise its training by formulating a multi-modal objective function that addresses the chrominance-specific underwater color degradation, lack of image sharpness, and loss in high-level feature representation. It is also supervised to learn salient foreground regions in the image, which in turn guides the network to learn global contrast enhancement. We design an end-to-end training pipeline to jointly learn the saliency prediction and SESR on a shared hierarchical feature space for fast inference. Moreover, we present UFO-120, the first dataset to facilitate large-scale SESR learning;it contains over 1500 training samples and a benchmark test set of 120 samples. By thorough experimental evaluation on the UFO-120 and other standard datasets, we demonstrate that Deep SESR outperforms the existing solutions for underwater image enhancement and super-resolution. We also validate its generalization performance on several test cases that include underwater images with diverse spectral and spatial degradation levels, and also terrestrial images with unseen natural objects. Lastly, we analyze its computational feasibility for single-board deployments and demonstrate its operational benefits for visuallyguided underwater robots. The model and dataset information will be available at: Https://***/ xahidbuffon/Deep-SESR. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical resolving power

Multiscale Convolutional Transformer with Diverse-aware Feature Learning for Motor Imagery EEG Decoding

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 2025年

作者： Hang, Wenlong Wang, Junliang Liang, Shuang Lei, Baiying Wang, Qiong Li, Guanglin Chen, Badong Qin, Jing Nanjing Tech University College of Computer Nanjing211816 China Nanjing Tech University Information Engineering Nanjing211816 China Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Internet of Things Nanjing210023 China Shenzhen University School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Vision Shenzhen518055 China Virtual Reality Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an710049 China Hong Kong Polytechnic University School of Nursing Hung Hom Hong Kong

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based motor imagery (MI) brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have significant potential in improving motor function for neurorehabilitation. Despite recent advancements, learning diversified EEG features across different frequency ranges remains a significant challenge, as the homogenization of feature representations often limits the generalization capabilities of EEG decoding models for BCIs. In this paper, we propose a novel multiscale convolutional transformer framework for EEG decoding that integrates multiscale convolution, transformer, and diverse-aware feature learning scheme (MCTD) to tackle the above challenge. Specifically, we first capture multiple frequency features using dynamic one-dimensional temporal convolution with different kernel lengths. Subsequently, we incorporate convolutional layers and transformers with a contrastive learning scheme to extract discriminative local and global EEG features within a single frequency range. To mitigate the homogenization of features extracted from different frequency ranges, we propose a novel decorrelation regularization. It enables multiscale convolutional transformers produce less correlated features with each other, thereby enhancing the overall expressiveness of EEG decoding model. The performance of MCTD is evaluated on four public MI-based EEG datasets, including the BCI competition III 3a and IV 2a, the BNCI 2015- 001, and the OpenBMI. For the average Kappa/Accuracy scores, MCTD obtains improvements of 3.58%/2.68%, 3.09%/2.20%, 2.33%/1.54%, and 4.44%/2.22%, over the state-of-the-art method on four EEG datasets, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that our method exhibits superior performance. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Brain computer interface

Interactive Multi-dimension Modulation with Dynamic Controllable Residual Learning for Image Restoration 1

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16th European Conference on computer vision, ECCV 2020

作者： He, Jingwen Dong, Chao Qiao, Yu ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition SIAT-SenseTime Joint Lab Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China SIAT Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9783030585655

ISBN: (纸本)9783030585648

Interactive image restoration aims to generate restored images by adjusting a controlling coefficient which determines the restoration level. Previous works are restricted in modulating image with a single coefficient. However, real images always contain multiple types of degradation, which cannot be well determined by one coefficient. To make a step forward, this paper presents a new problem setup, called multi-dimension (MD) modulation, which aims at modulating output effects across multiple degradation types and levels. Compared with the previous single-dimension (SD) modulation, the MD is setup to handle multiple degradations adaptively and relief unbalanced learning problem in different degradations. We also propose a deep architecture - CResMD with newly introduced controllable residual connections for multi-dimension modulation. Specifically, we add a controlling variable on the conventional residual connection to allow a weighted summation of input and residual. The values of these weights are generated by another condition network. We further propose a new data sampling strategy based on beta distribution to balance different degradation types and levels. With corrupted image and degradation information as inputs, the network can output the corresponding restored image. By tweaking the condition vector, users can control the output effects in MD space at test time. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed CResMD achieve excellent performance on both SD and MD modulation tasks. Code is available at https://***/hejingwenhejingwen/CResMD. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Modulation