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SoftVis '05 - ACM Symposium on Software Visualization

作者： DeLine, Robert Khella, Amir Czerwinski, Mary Robertson, George Microsoft Research One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052 United States Computer Science Department Human Computer Interaction Lab. University of Maryland College park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595930736

Large software projects often require a programmer to make changes to unfamiliar source code. This paper presents the results of a formative observational study of seven professional programmers who use a conventional development environment to update an unfamiliar implementation of a commonly known video game. We describe several usability problems they experience, including keeping oriented in the program's source text, maintaining the number and layout of open text documents and relying heavily on textual search for navigation. To reduce the cost of transferring knowledge about the program among developers, we propose the idea of wear-based filtering, a combination of computational wear and social filtering. The development environment collects interaction information, as with computational wear, and uses that information to direct the attention of subsequent users, as with social filtering. We present sketches of new visualizations that use wear-based filtering and demonstrate the feasibility of our approach with data drawn from our study. Copyright © 2005 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.

关键词： computer software

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PapierCraft: A command system for interactive paper

PapierCraft: A command system for interactive paper

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UIST 2005: 18th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

作者： Liao, Chunyuan Guimbretière, François Hinckley, Ken Human-Computer Interaction Lab. Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Microsoft Research One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052-6399 United States

ISBN: (纸本)159593023X

Knowledge workers use paper extensively for document reviewing and note-taking due to its versatility and simplicity of use. As users annotate printed documents and gather notes, they create a rich web of annotations and cross references. Unfortunately, as paper is a static media, this web often gets trapped in the physical world. While several digital solutions such as XLibris [15] and Digital Desk [18] have been proposed, they suffer from a small display size or onerous hardware requirements. To address, these limitations, we propose PapierCraft, a gesture-based interface that allows users to manipulate digital documents directly using their printouts as proxies. Using a digital pen, users can annotate a printout or draw command gestures to indicate operations such as copying a document area, pasting an area previously copied, or creating a link. Upon pen synchronization, our infrastructure executes these commands and presents the result in a customized viewer. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of the PapierCraft command system, and report on early user feedback. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Interactive computer systems

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AppLens and launchTile: Two designs for one-handed thumb use on small devices

AppLens and launchTile: Two designs for one-handed thumb use...

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CHI 2005: Technology, Safety, Community - Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Karlson, Amy K. Bederson, Benjamin B. SanGiovanni, John Human-Computer Interaction Lab. Computer Science Department Univ. of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Microsoft Research One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581139985

We present two interfaces to support one-handed thumb use for PDAs and cell phones. Both use Scalable User Interface (ScUI) techniques to support multiple devices with different resolutions and aspect ratios. The designs use variations of zooming interface techniques to provide multiple views of application data: AppLens uses tabular fisheye to access nine applications, while LaunchTile uses pure zoom to access thirty-six applications. We introduce two sets of thumb gestures, each representing different philosophies for one-handed interaction. We conducted two studies to evaluate our designs. In the first study, we explored whether users could learn and execute the AppLens gesture set with minimal training. Participants performed more accurately and efficiently using gestures for directional navigation than using gestures for object interaction. In the second study, we gathered user reactions to each interface, as well as comparative preferences. With minimal exposure to each design, most users favored AppLens's tabular fisheye interface. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： User interfaces

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Flipper: A new method of digital ocument navigation

Flipper: A new method of digital ocument navigation

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2005

作者： Sun, Liyang Guimbretière, François GVU Center Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Human-Computer Interaction Lab University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595930027

Page flipping is an important part of paper-based documentnavigation. However this affordance of paper document has not been fully transferred to digital documents. In this paper we present Flipper, a new digital document navigation technique inspired by paper document flipping. Flipper combines speed-dependent automatic zooming (SDAZ) [6] and rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) [3], to let users navigate through documents at a wide range of speeds. It is particularly well adapted to rapid visual search. User studies show Flipper is faster than both conventionalscrolling and SDAZ and is well received by users.

关键词： Flipping RSVP Scrolling SDAZ Visual search

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Adaptive microphone array system with two-stage adaptation mode controller

Adaptive microphone array system with two-stage adaptation m...

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作者： Jung, Yang-Won Kang, Hong-Goo Lee, Chungyong Youn, Dae-Hee Choi, Changkyu Kim, Jaywoo MCSP Lab. Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng. Yonsei University Seoul Korea Republic of Human and Computer Interaction Lab. Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Kyonggi-Do Korea Republic of

In this paper, an adaptive microphone array system with a two-stage adaptation mode controller (AMC) is proposed for high-quality speech acquisition in real environments. The proposed system includes an adaptive array algorithm, a time-delay estimator and a newly proposed AMC. To ensure proper adaptation of the adaptive array algorithm, the proposed AMC uses not only temporal information, but also spatial information. The proposed AMC is constructed with two processing stages: an initialization stage and a running stage. In the initialization stage, a sound source localization technique is adopted, and a signal correlation characteristic is used in the running stage. For the adaptive array algorithm, a generalized sidelobe canceller with an adaptive blocking matrix is used. The proposed algorithm is implemented as a real-time man-machine interface module of a home-agent robot. Simulation results show 13 dB SINR improvement with the speaker sitting 2 m distance from the home-agent robot. The speech recognition rate is also enhanced by 32% when compared to the single channel acquisition system. Copyright © 2005 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： Adaptive control systems

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Icon abacus: Positional display of document attributes

Icon abacus: Positional display of document attributes

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5th ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries - Digital Libraries: Cyberinfrastructure for Research and Education

作者： Bier, Eric A. Perer, Adam Palo Alto Research Center Inc. 3333 Coyote Hill Road Palo Alto CA 94304 Human-Computer Interaction Lab. University of Maryland College Park MD 20742

This paper presents icon abacus, a space-efficient technique for displaying document attributes by automatic positioning of document icons. It displays the value of an attribute by using position on a single axis, allowing the other axis to display different metadata simultaneously The layout is stable enough to support navigation using spatial memory. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Digital libraries

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Circle & identify: Interactivity-augmented object recognition for handheld devices

Circle & identify: Interactivity-augmented object recognitio...

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UIST 2005: 18th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

作者： Sohn, Byungkon Lee, Geehyuk Digital Media Lab. Information and Communications University 517-10 Dogok-dong Gangnam-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Human Computer Interaction Lab. Information and Communications University 119 Munjiro Yuseong-gu Daejeon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)159593023X

The first requirement of a "spatial mouse" is he ability to identify the objcet that it is aiming at. Among many possible technologies that can be employed for this purpose, possibly the best solution would be object recognition by machine vision. The problem, however, is that object recognition algorithms are not yet reliable enough or light enough for hand-held devices. This paper demonstrates that a simple object recognition algorithm can become a practical solution when augmented by interactivity. The user draw a circle around a target using a spatial mouse, and the mouse captures a series of camera frames. The frames can be easily stitched together to give a target image separated from the background, with which we need only additional steps of feature extraction and object classification. We present here results from two experiments with a few household objects. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Hand held computers

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Spatial Tools for Managing Personal Information Collections

Spatial Tools for Managing Personal Information Collections

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： D. Bauer P. Fastrez J. Hollan Distributed Cognition and Human Computer Interaction Lab Department of Cognitive Science University of California San Diego USA

Dynapad is a development environment designed to support research prototyping of multiscale workspaces. In this paper we describe applications designed to facilitate visual access to and spatial organization of digital photo collections and personal libraries of PDF documents. The research objective is to explore a generalization of the notion of a "pile" as a foundation for a versatile suite of tools to provide unobtrusive assistance for organizing collections and other sensemaking activities. We detail the architecture underlying the applications, explain how it supports diverse functionality and interaction styles, and abstract a set of principles for designing spatial tools.

关键词： Information management Lenses Organizing Cognition human computer interaction Cognitive science Prototypes Application software Software libraries Electronic mail

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The influence of the avatar on online perceptions of anthropomorphism, androgyny, credibility, homophily, and attraction

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Journal of computer-Mediated Communication 2005年第1期11卷 153-178页

作者： Nowak, Kristine L. Rauh, Christian Department of Communication Science University of Connecticut United States Department of Communication Science United States Human Computer Interaction Lab. University of Connecticut United States Department of Communication Sciences University of Connecticut 850 Bolton Road U-1085 Storrs CT 06269 United States Department of Communication Sciences University of Connecticut Storrs United States

It has become increasingly common for websites and computer media to provide computer generated visual images, called avatars, to represent users and bots during online interactions. In this study, participants (N=255) evaluated a series of avatars in a static context in terms of their androgyny, anthropomorphism, credibility, homophily, attraction, and the likelihood they would choose them during an interaction. The responses to the images were consistent with what would be predicted by uncertainty reduction theory. The results show that the masculinity or femininity (lack of androgyny) of an avatar, as well as anthropomorphism, significantly influence perceptions of avatars. Further, more anthropomorphic avatars were perceived to be more attractive and credible, and people were more likely to choose to be represented by them. Participants reported masculine avatars as less attractive than feminine avatars, and most people reported a preference for human avatars that matched their gender. Practical and theoretical implications of these results for users, designers, and researchers of avatars are discussed. © 2005 Journal of computer-Mediated Communication.

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Students as Teachers and Teachers as Facilitators

Students as Teachers and Teachers as Facilitators

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： Lu Xiao C.B. Merkel H. Nash C. Ganoe M.B. Rosson J.M. Carroll E. Shon R. Lee U. Farooq Computer Supported Collaboration and Learning Lab Center for Human Computer Interaction School of Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

Teaching students computer technologies sometimes requires untraditional teaching methods in schools, as it is not uncommon that students possess more advanced computer skills than teachers in today’s classrooms. In this paper, we present our study of a course website design project in a public high school to investigate new teaching strategies in technology education. We observed how students and teachers shifted roles during the project, i.e., students became technology consultants and trainers while teachers, although still acting as facilitators of the process, also became learners. This role-shifting resulted in augmented learning outcomes for the student. For the teacher, the challenge of adopting the unconventional role of teacher-as-student required a new teaching paradigm, bringing to light the inherent tensions brought about by such role changes and skill differentials. Lessons we learned from this study are discussed as well as suggestions for teachers and schools that are interested in adopting this approach.

关键词： Educational institutions Information technology computer science education Collaboration human computer interaction Web page design Educational technology Educational programs computer interfaces Libraries

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