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arXiv 2025年

作者： Singh, Aryan Van de Ven, Pepijn Eising, Ciarán Denny, Patrick Data-Driven Computer Engineering Group Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Ireland

This study explores the potential of graph neural networks (GNNs) to enhance semantic segmentation across diverse image modalities. We evaluate the effectiveness of a novel GNN-based U-Net architecture on three distinct datasets: PascalVOC, a standard benchmark for natural image segmentation, WoodScape, a challenging dataset of fisheye images commonly used in autonomous driving, introducing significant geometric distortions;and ISIC2016, a dataset of dermoscopic images for skin lesion segmentation. We compare our proposed UNet-GNN model against established convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based segmentation models, including U-Net and U-Net++, as well as the transformer-based SwinUNet. Unlike these methods, which primarily rely on local convolutional operations or global self-attention, GNNs explicitly model relationships between image regions by constructing and operating on a graph representation of the image features. This approach allows the model to capture long-range dependencies and complex spatial relationships, which we hypothesize will be particularly beneficial for handling geometric distortions present in fisheye imagery and capturing intricate boundaries in medical images. Our analysis demonstrates the versatility of GNNs in addressing diverse segmentation challenges and highlights their potential to improve segmentation accuracy in various applications, including autonomous driving and medical image analysis. Code Available at GitHub. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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An Efficient Graphics data Retrieval Method Based on data Conversion Schemes

An Efficient Graphics Data Retrieval Method Based on Data Co...

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2025 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication, ICEIC 2025

作者： Baek, Nakhoon School of Computer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Graduate School of Data Science Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Data-Driven Intelligent Mobility ICT Research Center Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510756

Modern computer graphics systems usually manage a set of internal data to store control parameters and all kind of graphics data. The behind problem on these graphics system data is that they are frequently updated and retrieved with variety of data types, even they are initially stored as specific data types. To support these updates and retrievals with various data types, modern graphics systems typically use data type conversion features, and even in the worst cases, they should provide all combinations of internally stored data types and newly provided or retrieved data types. In this paper, we show how to efficiently provide all the required combinations of data type conversions, with motivations, analysis, and overall designs. We also show typical type conversion scenarios, with specific API function examples. Our design shows that it can improve the internal architecture and the internal efficiency of modern computer graphics systems. In its implementation, we use C++std:: map container for fast lookup of the best-suitable conversion function. This overall scheme was integrated in our existing systems, and shows its feasibility and correctness. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： data assimilation

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PraK Tool V3: Enhancing Video Item Search Using Localized Text and Texture Queries 31st

PraK Tool V3: Enhancing Video Item Search Using Localized Te...

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31st International Conference on Multimedia Modeling, MMM 2025

作者： Stroh, Michael Kloda, Vojtěch Verner, Benjamin Vopálková, Zuzana Buchmüller, Raphael Jäckl, Bastian Hajko, Jakub Lokoč, Jakub Visual Computing Department of Computer Science Faculty of Natural Sciences Konstanz University Konstanz Germany SIRET Research Group Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Czech Republic Data Analysis and Visualization Department of Computer Science Faculty of Natural Sciences Konstanz University Konstanz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789819620739

We present a third version of the PraK system designed around an effective text-image and image-image search model. The system integrates sub-image search options for localized context search for CLIP and image color/texture and interfaces tailored to specific task types. A user study shows the benefits of sub-image search in homogeneous video collections. We further enhance the user experience of the PraK framework by re-designing the frontend and introducing task-specific views. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Video analysis

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A Comparative Performance Analysis of Classification and Segmentation Models on Bangladeshi Pothole dataset

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Parsa, Antara Firoz Abdullah, S.M. Talukder, Anika Hasan Kabbya, Md Asif Shahidullah Hasan, Shakib Al Islam, Md Farhadul Noor, Jannatun Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Data and Sciences BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh Research Group Department of Computer Science and Engineering United International University Dhaka Bangladesh

The study involves a comprehensive performance analysis of popular classification and segmentation models, applied over a Bangladeshi pothole dataset, being developed by the authors of this research. This custom dataset of 824 samples, collected from the streets of Dhaka and Bogura performs competitively against the existing industrial and custom datasets utilized in the present literature. The dataset was further augmented four-fold for segmentation and ten-fold for classification evaluation. We tested nine classification models (CCT, CNN, INN, Swin Transformer, ConvMixer, VGG16, ResNet50, DenseNet201, and Xception) and four segmentation models (U-Net, ResU-Net, U-Net++, and Attention-Unet) over both the datasets. Among the classification models, lightweight models namely CCT, CNN, INN, Swin Transformer, and ConvMixer were emphasized due to their low computational requirements and faster prediction times. The lightweight models performed respectfully, oftentimes equating to the performance of heavyweight models. In addition, augmentation was found to enhance the performance of all the tested models. The experimental results exhibit that, our dataset performs on par or outperforms the similar classification models utilized in the existing literature, reaching accuracy and f1-scores over 99%. The dataset also performed on par with the existing datasets for segmentation, achieving model Dice Similarity Coefficient up to 67.54% and IoU scores up to 59.39%. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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HaWANet: Road Scene Understanding with Multi-modal Sensor data Using Height-Width-driven Attention Network 23rd

HaWANet: Road Scene Understanding with Multi-modal Sensor D...

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23rd International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence, AIxIA 2024

作者： Chatterjee, Soumick Xu, Jiahua Kuzhipathalil, Adarsh Nürnberger, Andreas Faculty of Computer Science Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Genomics Research Centre Human Technopole Milan Italy Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research Tuebingen Germany XenomatiX NV Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806063

In recent years, the field of autonomous vehicles and driverless technology has seen remarkable advancements, driven by contributions from mainstream automotive manufacturers and open-source projects. This research aims to develop a pipeline for road scene understanding through semantic segmentation. The proposed pipeline utilises a multi-modal segmentation model, incorporating greyscale images and point cloud data from Xenolidar, specifically designed to capture the structural priors of highway road scenes. The fusion of input modalities and the design of an encoder-decoder architecture with a novel attention scheme called HaWANet is introduced, which focuses on the height and width contextual information to improve the accuracy of road segmentation, are the primary aspects explored for the proposed model. The output of the encoder is a two-dimensional point cloud, which effectively represents the road’s planar nature, and is crucial for improving the accuracy of road segmentation, particularly in edge cases, addressing current challenges in autonomous driving research. This research, aimed at addressing the segmentation problem for multimodal sensor data, has presented significant performance improvement over single-modal approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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An Efficient Graphics data Retrieval Method Based on data Conversion Schemes

An Efficient Graphics Data Retrieval Method Based on Data Co...

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International Conference on Electronics, Information and Communications (ICEIC)

作者： Nakhoon Baek School of Computer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea Graduate School of Data Science Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea Data-Driven Intelligent Mobility ICT Research Center Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331510756

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510763

关键词： data conversion Pipelines Switches computer graphics C++ languages computer architecture Containers data retrieval

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Towards Expressive Spectral-Temporal Graph Neural Networks for Time Series Forecasting

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第6期47卷 4926-4939页

作者： Jin, Ming Shi, Guangsi Li, Yuan-Fang Xiong, Bo Zhou, Tian Salim, Flora D. Zhao, Liang Wu, Lingfei Wen, Qingsong Pan, Shirui Griffith University School of Information and Communication Technology Gold Coast Australia Monash University Department of Data Science and AI Melbourne Australia University of Stuttgart International Max Plank Research School for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart Germany Alibaba Group Hangzhou China University of New South Wales School of Computer Science and Engineering Sydney Australia Emory University Department of Computer Science Atlanta United States Anytime.AI New York United States Squirrel Ai Learning Bellevue United States

Time series forecasting has remained a focal point due to its vital applications in sectors such as energy management and transportation planning. Spectral-temporal graph neural network is a promising abstraction underlying most time series forecasting models that are based on graph neural networks (GNNs). However, more is needed to know about the underpinnings of this branch of methods. In this paper, we establish a theoretical framework that unravels the expressive power of spectral-temporal GNNs. Our results show that linear spectral-temporal GNNs are universal under mild assumptions, and their expressive power is bounded by our extended first-order Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm on discrete-time dynamic graphs. To make our findings useful in practice on valid instantiations, we discuss related constraints in detail and outline a theoretical blueprint for designing spatial and temporal modules in spectral domains. Building on these insights and to demonstrate how powerful spectral-temporal GNNs are based on our framework, we propose a simple instantiation named Temporal Graph Gegenbauer Convolution (TGGC), which significantly outperforms most existing models with only linear components and shows better model efficiency. Our findings pave the way for devising a broader array of provably expressive GNN-based models for time series, and the code is at https://***/r/TGGC. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Speech Separation for Low-Resource Languages

Speech Separation for Low-Resource Languages

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Borsdorf, Marvin Pan, Zexu Himmelmann, Pascal Li, Haizhou Schultz, Tanja Machine Listening Lab University of Bremen Bremen Germany Alibaba Group Singapore Department of Mathematics and Computer Science FernUniversität in Hagen Hagen Germany School of Data Science Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Cognitive Systems Lab University of Bremen Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Speech separation aims to equip machines with the human ability of selective listening, i.e. to focus attention on specific information in spoken communication. Studies have shown that the language spoken in a cocktail party scenario matters. While the development of speech separation models can leverage extensive databases, for the majority of languages only very limited data is available. This work presents the very first study on speech separation for low-resource languages. We choose blind source separation as the task to be studied and analyze three strategies to overcome the data scarcity of two low-resource languages from the GlobalPhoneMS2 database. We show that data from other languages can be used to develop models that work for low-resource languages. Finetuning additionally boosts the performance, and training on multiple languages increases both performance and robustness. We show that dynamic mixing in the development helps to find a trade-off between performance and development time. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： cocktail party problem GlobalPhone low-resource language multilingual speech separation

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EDSep: An Effective Diffusion-Based Method for Speech Source Separation

EDSep: An Effective Diffusion-Based Method for Speech Source...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Dong, Jinwei Wang, Xinsheng Mao, Qirong School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications China Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China Audio Speech and Language Processing Group School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Generative models have attracted considerable attention for speech separation tasks, and among these, diffusion-based methods are being explored. Despite the notable success of diffusion techniques in generation tasks, their adaptation to speech separation has encountered challenges, notably slow convergence and suboptimal separation outcomes. To address these issues and enhance the efficacy of diffusion-based speech separation, we introduce EDSep, a novel single-channel method grounded in score matching via stochastic differential equation (SDE). This method enhances generative modeling for speech source separation by optimizing training and sampling efficiency. Specifically, a novel denoiser function is proposed to approximate data distributions, which obtains ideal denoiser outputs. Additionally, a stochastic sampler is carefully designed to resolve the reverse SDE during the sampling process, gradually separating speech from mixtures. Extensive experiments on databases such as WSJ0-2mix, LRS2-2mix, and VoxCeleb2-2mix demonstrate our proposed method's superior performance over existing diffusion and discriminative models, validating its efficacy. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： diffusion score matching speech separation stochastic differential equation

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Enhancing Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis with ParsBERT in Persian Language

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ariai, Farid Mahmoudi, Maryam Tayefeh Moeini, Ali Department of Computer Engineering University of Tehran Kish International Campus Kish Iran Data Analysis & Processing Research Group IT Research Faculty ICT Research Institute Tehran Iran School of Engineering Science College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

In the era of pervasive internet use and the dominance of social networks, researchers face significant challenges in Persian text mining including the scarcity of adequate datasets in Persian and the inefficiency of existing language models. This paper specifically tackles these challenges, aiming to amplify the efficiency of language models tailored to the Persian language. Focusing on enhancing the effectiveness of sentiment analysis, our approach employs an aspect-based methodology utilizing the ParsBERT model, augmented with a relevant lexicon. The study centers on sentiment analysis of user opinions extracted from the Persian website 'Digikala.' The experimental results not only highlight the proposed method's superior semantic capabilities but also showcase its efficiency gains with an accuracy of 88.2% and an F1 score of 61.7. The importance of enhancing language models in this context lies in their pivotal role in extracting nuanced sentiments from user-generated content, ultimately advancing the field of sentiment analysis in Persian text mining by increasing efficiency and accuracy. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Latent semantic analysis

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