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Framework for ethical and acceptable use of social distancing tools and smart devices during COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe

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Sustainable Operations and computers 2021年 2卷 190-199页

作者： Mbunge, Elliot Millham, Richard C Sibiya, Maureen Nokuthula Fashoto, Stephen G Akinnuwesi, Boluwaji Simelane, Sakhile Ndumiso, Nzuza Department of Computer Science University of Eswatini Eswatini Department of Information Technology Durban University of Technology South Africa Division of Teaching and Learning Durban University of Technology South Africa

Despite the successful development of vaccines, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to present unprecedented challenges. Besides the ongoing vaccination activities, many countries still rely on measures including social distancing, contact tracing, mandatory face masking among others. Several digital technologies such as smart devices, social distancing tools, smart applications have been adopted to enhance public adherence to reduce secondary transmission. Such technologies use health data, symptoms monitoring, mobility, location and proximity data for contact tracing, self-isolation and quarantine compliance. The use of digital technologies has been debatable and contentious because of the potential violation of ethical values such as security and privacy, data format and management, synchronization, over-tracking, over-surveillance and lack of proper development and implementation guidelines which subsequently impact their efficacy and adoption. Also, the aggressive and mandatory use of large-scale digital technologies is not easy to implement, adhere to and subsequently difficult to practice which ultimately lead to imperfect public compliance. To alleviate these impediments, we analysed the available literature and propose an ethical framework for the use of digital technologies centred on ethical practices. The proposed framework highlights the trade-offs, potential roles and coordination of different stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of digital technologies, from various social and political contexts in Zimbabwe. We suggest that transparency, regular engagement and participation of potential users are likely to boost public trust. However, the potential violation of ethical values, poor communication, hasty implementation of digital technologies will likely undermine public trust, and as such, risk their adoption and efficacy. © 2021

关键词： COVID-19

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Predictive Modelling of Diabetes Using Ensemble Classifiers: Findings from a Large and Integrated Data Set

Predictive Modelling of Diabetes Using Ensemble Classifiers:...

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International Conference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (ICEET)

作者： Muhamad Azam Rashid Ali Ranya Muqaddas Muhammad Ashraf Ammara Zahoor Department of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior Universty Lahore Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior University Lahore Pakistan Information Engineering Technology Department The Superior Universty Lahore Pakistan Information Technology Department Gulab Devi Teaching Hospital Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (数字)9798331532895

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532901

In this research paper, we examine which of a number of machine learning classifiers are able to predict diabetes in a dataset of 100,000 cases where features include gender, age, state, binary health indicators, smoking, body mass index (BMI), and glucose level, one of which was known to be diabetic. Extensive exploratory data analysis was undertaken to explore the distribution and the relationships between features of the data set and these predictions. (Prajapati, (2023, July).We then evaluated the model output using metrics like as the Accuracy, AUC-ROC, Precision-Recall curves. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Voting Classifier (VC), and Stacking Classifier (SC). The output of these models was then evaluated with the help of measures using metrics like accuracy, AUC-ROC, and Precision-Recall curves. (Hasan, 2020). The highest accuracy of 98.75% was achieved by the voting classifier (VC), Random Forest (RF) was second with 97.18%, and XGBoost was 3rd with 97.15%. The results of this research can be applied in diabetes prediction, with an important conclusion on how ensemble methods could improve the accuracy indicators for healthcare applications.

关键词： Support vector machines Measurement Accuracy Stacking Medical services Predictive models Data models Diabetes Glucose Random forests

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Peculiarities of the Formation of Students' Business Communication Skills within the Distance Learning

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Education Research International 2023年第1期2023卷

作者： Nagay, Irina Khalabuzar, Oksana Alieksieieva, Hanna Antonenko, Oleksandr Ovsyannikov, Oleksandr Department of Foreign Languages and Methods of Teaching Berdyansk State Pedagogical University Berdyansk 71112 Ukraine Department of Computer Technologies in Management and Education and Computer Science Berdyansk State Pedagogical University Berdyansk 71112 Ukraine

The article deals with the problems of the formation of students' business communications skills at higher educational institutions. The authors ground the hypothesis that the implementation of nonstandard ways and forms of teaching foreign language provides the increasing of effectiveness of formation of students' business communicative skills. The goal of research work deals with the theoretical justification and presentation of nonstandard interactive means and forms of educational activity oriented on the formation of business communication skills (BCS) of students within distance learning. Due to the applied qualitative and quantitative methods of research (conducted surveys, experimental research work, data analysis, etc.), it was proved the necessity of implementation of the interactive technologies into the educational process. The authors found out that modern society requires the new generation of specialists who must be educated, professional in their fields, and able to compete within the rapidly changing paradigms of the business systems. For the further implementation by teachers, they are given samples of nonstandard forms of educational activity, certain interactive technologies, instructions, and advice on ways of increasing the effectiveness of BCS. There are described prospects of the further research activity, which will be devoted to the problem of strengthening of BCS. © 2023 Irina Nagay et al.

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Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Online Educational Platforms to Enhance Continuous Professional Development in the teaching Profession 2

Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Online Educational Pla...

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2nd International Conference Computational and Characterization Techniques in Engineering and sciences, IC3TES 2024

作者： Amankulovich, Khujakulov Sherzod Tokhirovich, Mannabov Javlon Bakhridinovich, Kadirov Tulkin Kuvandikovich, Taylakov Umid Ananth, Christo Kumar, T. Ananth Samarkand Regional National Center for Training Teachers in New Methods Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Samarkand Agroinnovations and Research University Uzbekistan Samarkand State University Uzbekistan&Adjunct Faculty Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Chennai India Ifet College of Engineering Computer Science and Engineering Tamilnadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364699

To keep up with the dynamic nature of the modern classroom, teachers must have access to online learning platforms for professional development purposes. This investigation looks at how these platforms can be used to improve teachers' skills, make information sharing easier, and open doors to CPD opportunities. This study examines the relationship between online resources and methods to demonstrate how digital tools have an impact on teacher training and professional development by leveraging AI. It also draws attention to the fact that these platforms are helping with information-methodological support for teachers as well as the ongoing reforms in our nation. Incorporating empirical observations and case studies, the analysis demonstrates how effective online platforms are in fostering a collaborative and innovative environment for professional learning. Digital transformation has the potential to radically alter how teachers obtain professional development, and this study emphasizes that fact. This will enable teachers to effectively address the demands of modern classrooms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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CAN WE TRUST AI-GENERATED EDUCATIONAL CONTENT? COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN AND AI-GENERATED LEARNING RESOURCES

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Denny, Paul Khosravi, Hassan Hellas, Arto Leinonen, Juho Sarsa, Sami School of Computer Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Institute for Teaching and Learning Innovation The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD Australia Department of Computer Science Aalto University Espoo Finland

As an increasing number of students move to online learning platforms that deliver personalized learning experiences, there is a great need for the production of high-quality educational content. Large language models (LLMs) appear to offer a promising solution to the rapid creation of learning materials at scale, reducing the burden on instructors. In this study, we investigated the potential for LLMs to produce learning resources in an introductory programming context, by comparing the quality of the resources generated by an LLM with those created by students as part of a learnersourcing activity. Using a blind evaluation, students rated the correctness and helpfulness of resources generated by AI and their peers, after both were initially provided with identical exemplars. Our results show that the quality of AI-generated resources, as perceived by students, is equivalent to the quality of resources generated by their peers. This suggests that AI-generated resources may serve as viable supplementary material in certain contexts. Resources generated by LLMs tend to closely mirror the given exemplars, whereas student-generated resources exhibit greater variety in terms of content length and specific syntax features used. The study highlights the need for further research exploring different types of learning resources and a broader range of subject areas, and understanding the long-term impact of AI-generated resources on learning outcomes. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Human-Factor focused Application of STPA to Remotely driven Vehicles

Human-Factor focused Application of STPA to Remotely driven ...

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Public Safety Technology (WFPST), IEEE World Forum on

作者： Ole Hans Krystian Radlak Jürgen Adamy Department of Control Methods and Intelligent Systems Technical University of Darmstadt Düsseldorf Germany Institute of Computer Science Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (数字)9798350329148

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329155

This paper presents an analysis of the safety aspects of a Remote Driving System (RDS) using the System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) methodology. The focus is on the human Remote Driver (RD) within the RDS, considering losses and system-level hazards associated with the human-in-the-loop scenario which focuses on the RD actions related to the change in Steering Wheel Angle (SWA). The STPA methodology is applied to identify Unsafe Control Actions (UCA) related to the change in SWA command, resulting in the identification of numerous Causal Factors (CF) that may lead to hazardous scenarios. Several UCAs and CFs are identified that provide information on potential hazards and risks associated with remote driving technology. Based on a selected UCA where the RD does not change the SWA when the road network requires lateral movement, 25 potential loss scenarios were identified and presented in this paper. The results of this work can contribute to the understanding of potential risks and the development of safety mitigation measures in the context of RDS which need to be validated in further research.

关键词： Roads Prevention and mitigation Wheels Hazards Public security Human in the loop Behavioral sciences

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Cultivating Computational Thinking through Game-Based Learning 53

Cultivating Computational Thinking through Game-Based Learni...

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53rd IEEE ASEE Frontiers in Education International Conference, FIE 2023

作者： Adam, Kelli Lightfoot, Robert Chowdhury, Mahjabin Phillip Donaldson, Jonan Center for Teaching Excellence Texas A&m University College Station United States Texas A&m University Department of Computer Science College Station United States School of Education University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336429

Game-based learning (GBL) can motivate learners and enable them to engage in their learning experience. Additionally, the popularity of GBL has grown in computer science and programming courses, where it can be used to develop computational thinking (CT) skills. CT is critical thinking used to apply fundamental concepts and reasoning derived from computing and computer science. Research has shown that digital GBL can improve critical thinking skills and help learners understand programming concepts, structures, and problem-solving strategies. Despite the popularity of digital GBL, analog card games and bingo games are still valuable and effective tools for learning. However, most studies on GBL that aim to train critical thinking skills have focused on digital approaches. This indicates a gap in the body of knowledge because few studies have explored the effectiveness of analog games for developing CT skills through GBL. The theoretical framework of this study is grounded in two learning theories. Constructivist theory frames learning as the construction of knowledge through a process of action, reflection, and construction. Constructionist learning theory calls for construction of artifacts, learner agency, authentic purpose, or authentic audience during the process. To investigate the design of GBL for developing CT skills and to generate discourse for its widespread adoption, the current study implemented design-based research (DBR) in an undergraduate computer science course for non-computer science majors. By addressing the gap in the literature on GBL for CT skill development, the study aimed to investigate complex learner experiences, including learner struggles and successes, alignment with learning theory principles, and design moves for future iterations of the project. The research question posed is: how can we optimize CT learning through GBL, based on learner experiences and learning theories? Prior to this study, the instructor used GBL in which learne

关键词： analog computational thinking computer science constructionist constructivist design-based research (DBR) game-based learning (GBL) undergraduate

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Can gamification help in software testing education? Findings from an empirical study

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Blanco, Raquel Trinidad, Manuel Suárez-Cabal, María José Calderón, Alejandro Ruiz, Mercedes Tuya, Javier Software Engineering Research Group University of Oviedo Department of Computer Science Gijón Spain Software Process Improvement and Formal Methods Research Group University of Cadiz Department of Computer Science and Engineering Cádiz Spain

Software testing is an essential knowledge area required by industry for software engineers. However, software engineering students often consider testing less appealing than designing or coding. Consequently, it is difficult to engage students to create effective tests. To encourage students, we explored the use of gamification and investigated whether this technique can help to improve the engagement and performance of software testing students. We conducted a controlled experiment to compare the engagement and performance of two groups of students that took an undergraduate software testing course in different academic years. The experimental group is formed by 135 students from the gamified course whereas the control group is formed by 100 students from the non-gamified course. The data collected were statistically analyzed to answer the research questions of this study. The results show that the students that participated in the gamification experience were more engaged and achieved a better performance. As an additional finding, the analysis of the results reveals that a key aspect to succeed is the gamification experience design. It is important to distribute the motivating stimulus provided by the gamification throughout the whole experience to engage students until the end. Given these results, we plan to readjust the gamification experience design to increase student engagement in the last stage of the experience, as well as to conduct a longitudinal study to evaluate the effects of gamification. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Software testing

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Words and Action: Modeling Linguistic Leadership in #BlackLivesMatter Communities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Roytburg, Dani Olorunisola, Deborah Soni, Sandeep Klein, Lauren Emory University Department of Quantitative Theory & Methods United States Emory University Department of Computer Science United States Yale University Department of Data Science and Statistics United States Emory University Department of English United States

In this project we describe a method of modeling semantic leadership across a set of communities associated with the #BlackLivesMatter movement, which has been informed by qualitative research on the structure of social media and Black Twitter in particular. We describe our bespoke approaches to time-binning, community clustering, and connecting communities over time, as well as our adaptation of state-of-the-art approaches to semantic change detection and semantic leadership induction. We find substantial evidence of the leadership role of BLM activists and progressives, as well as Black celebrities. We also find evidence of the sustained engagement of the conservative community with this discourse, suggesting an alternative explanation for how we arrived at the present moment, in which "anti-woke" and "anti-CRT" bills are being enacted nation-wide. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

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STEM course on circuit design accomplished to enhance scientific and technological capabilities of students 3

STEM course on circuit design accomplished to enhance scient...

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3rd International Conference on sciences and Technology Applications, ICoSTA 2021

作者： Vexler, V. Aibashev, M. Saipbekova, A. Fominykh, I. Bazhenov, R. Department of Information Systems and Technologies in Education Saratov State University 83 Astrakhanskaya Saratov410012 Russia Department of Accounting and Economic Analysis Osh State University 331 Lenina Osh723500 Kyrgyzstan Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science Osh State University 331 Lenina Osh723500 Kyrgyzstan Department of Methods of Teaching Mathematics Computer Science and Natural Science Disciplines Mari State University 6 Eshkinina Yoshkar-Ola424033 Russia Department of Information Systems and Mathematics Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University 70A Shirokaya Birobidzhan679015 Russia

The aim of the research is to develop an interdisciplinary course of extracurricular activities integrating knowledge in science, technology, engineering and mathematics for students to develop their scientific and technological skills. 52 students from secondary schools of Engels, Yoshkar-Ola (Russia), Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University (Birobidzhan, Russia), Osh State University College (Osh, Kyrgyz Republic) took part in the educational experiment. The theme-based course Basic Concepts of Arduino Systems Engineering is developed based on the proprietary technology of simple projects of practical relevance. The projects render the general concept from knowledge to competence. The course consists of four modules: Start, Big Workshop/Hands-on Training, Go Ahead/Step forward, Group Design. Arduino applied in design modeling allows students to create electrical devices that would be productive in one or another area of life at a low cost. The course program is aimed at engaging students in innovative design technologies, computer programming and using robotic devices. The findings of the study were observed as part of an interview with students, educational achievement, subsequent STEM literacy test activities and the performance of game summarizing projects. The recommended method has shown the efficiency in mastering the required core set of skills of circuit design and computer programming. © Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence

关键词： Students

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