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IEEE Networking Letters 2024年第3期6卷 168-172页

作者： Politis, Anastasios C. Hilas, Constantinos S. Department of Computer Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering Serres621 24 Greece

This letter evaluates the performance of the slotted Aloha protocol defined by the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI) SmartBAN specification, under saturation conditions. For this purpose, we develop a two-dimensional discrete time Markov chain (DTMC) to model the operational details of the protocol and assess its performance in terms of saturation throughput and average end-to-end delay. The accuracy of the proposed model is validated by means of simulation which reveals a very good match among theoretical and simulation results. The model can be used for protocol performance prediction and optimization purposes. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Markov chains

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Kalman Filter based Image Re-selection: Handling Collinear and High Co-visibility Situations in Image Retrieval based Visual Localization

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2024年第9期30卷 954-959页

作者： Mun, Giyoung Kim, Hakil Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Korea Republic of

Autonomous driving systems must maintain consistent position estimation across various environments. However, conventional GPS-based position estimation technologies often yield inaccurate results in environments with weak signal reception, necessitating alternative solutions. Image retrieval based visual localization, unaffected by radio wave conditions, presents a robust alternative for accurate position estimation. Image retrieval, widely utilized in visual localization research, typically calculates precise positions by incorporating relative poses. However, accuracy may diminish in collinear and high co-visibility scenarios, requiring supplementary approaches. This paper proposes a method to overcome collinear and high co-visibility situations encountered in image retrieval. The proposed method applies retrieval results to a Kalman filter based system. Compared to conventional methods, the proposed approach demonstrated an average improvement of 11.12 meters in GPS error. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Kalman filters

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A Farewell and a New Special Issue

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IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE 2024年第4期12卷 4-5页

作者： Gamba, Paolo Department of Electrical Biomedical and Computer Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy

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Electron beam lithography on nonplanar and irregular surfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 1-23页

作者： Chenxu Zhu Huseyin Ekinci Aixi Pan Bo Cui Xiaoli Zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology(WIN) University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada

E-beam lithography is a powerful tool for generating nanostructures and fabricating nanodevices with fine features approaching a few nanometers in ***,alternative approaches to conventional spin coating and development processes are required to optimize the lithography procedure on irregular *** this review,we summarize the state of the art in nanofabrication on irregular substrates using e-beam *** overcome these challenges,unconventional methods have been *** instance,polymeric and nonpolymeric materials can be sprayed or evaporated to form uniform layers of electron-sensitive materials on irregular ***,chemical bonds can be applied to help form polymer brushes or self-assembled monolayers on these *** addition,thermal oxides can serve as resists,as the etching rate in solution changes after e-beam ***,e-beam lithography tools can be combined with cryostages,evaporation systems,and metal deposition chambers for sample development and lift-off while maintaining low *** nanopyramids can be fabricated on an AFM tip by utilizing ice as a positive ***,Ti/Au caps can be patterned around a carbon ***,3D nanostructures can be formed on irregular surfaces by exposing layers of anisole on organic ice surfaces with a focused *** advances in e-beam lithography on irregular substrates,including uniform film coating,instrumentation improvement,and new pattern transferring method development,substantially extend its capabilities in the fabrication and application of nanoscale structures.

关键词： lithography beam coating

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Maximally Flat Negative Group Delay Prototype Filter Based on Capped Reciprocal Transfer Function of Classical Bessel Filter

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research B 2025年 110卷 91-105页

作者： Kandic, Miodrag Bridges, Greg E. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba WinnipegMB Canada

A prototype filter design exhibiting Negative Group Delay (NGD) is presented, based on the ratio of two low-pass classical Bessel filter transfer functions of the same order, but with different 3 dB-bandwidths. The resulting design is a reciprocal-Bessel filter transfer function, capped at a finite out-of-band gain. The proposed capped reciprocal-Bessel design is based on a similar concept applied to previously reported capped reciprocal-Butterworth and reciprocal-Chebyshev NGD designs, which use ratios of corresponding classical low-pass filter transfer functions. It is shown that within the in-band frequency range, the synthesized NGD transfer function exhibits a maximally flat group delay characteristic (Bessel-like property). Due to its near-flat in-band group delay characteristic, the design is suitable for constant phase shifter applications. For high design orders, it is shown that the achieved NGD-bandwidth product has an upper asymptotic limit, given by the square root of the out-of-band gain in decibels. When the prototype baseband transfer function is translated to a non-zero center frequency, it is demonstrated that resonator-based implementations are feasible via Sallen-Key, as well as all-passive ladder topologies. A combined in-band magnitude/phase distortion metric is evaluated for selected design examples and applied Gaussian and sinc input waveforms, and it is shown to be proportional to the design order and out-of-band gain. The proposed design's distortion metric is also shown to be generally lower than the previously reported capped reciprocal-Butterworth and reciprocal-Chebyshev designs. © (2025), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Group delay

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Enhancing eyeglasses removal in facial images: a novel approach using translation models for eyeglasses mask completion

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-20页

作者： Esmaily, Zahra Ebrahimpour-Komleh, Hossein Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kashan Kashan Iran

Accurately removing eyeglasses from facial images is crucial for improving the performance of various face-related tasks such as verification, identification, and reconstruction. This paper presents a novel approach to enhancing eyeglasses removal by integrating a mask completion technique into the existing framework. Our method focuses on improving the accuracy of eyeglasses masks, which is essential for subsequent eyeglasses and shadow removal steps. We introduce a unique dataset specifically designed for eyeglasses mask image completion. This dataset is generated by applying Top-Hat morphological operations to existing eyeglasses mask datasets, creating a collection of images containing eyeglasses masks in two states: damaged (incomplete) and complete (ground truth). A Pix2Pix image-to-image translation model is trained on this newly created dataset for the purpose of restoring incomplete eyeglass mask predictions. This restoration step significantly improves the accuracy of eyeglass frame extraction and leads to more realistic results in subsequent eyeglasses and shadow removal. Our method incorporates a post-processing step to refine the completed mask, preventing the formation of artifacts in the background or outside of the eyeglasses frame box, further enhancing the overall quality of the processed image. Experimental results on CelebA, FFHQ, and MeGlass datasets showcase the effectiveness of our method, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches in quantitative metrics (FID, KID, MOS) and qualitative evaluations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Motion Planning and Control for Improved Ride Comfort in Urban Autonomous Driving

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2024年第3期30卷 206-213页

作者： Jang, Kyeongjun Kim, Hakil Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Korea Republic of

Self-driving shuttle services frequently provide a less comfortable experience for passengers than human drivers. This observation emphasizes the importance of motion planning and control methods. This paper proposes a method to improve ride comfort in urban autonomous driving. The path information is utilized for velocity planning to minimize lateral acceleration and limiting the acceleration when controlling the PID to avoid rapid deceleration. Additionally, the hybrid lateral controller increases path following performance. The proposed method proved excellent performance compared to the existing geometric lateral control method. A decision tree was employed to evaluate ride comfort to meet ISO standards. The acceleration and jerk were assessed to determine their impact on ride comfort. Furthermore, the lateral error and the heading error were analyzed to evaluate the stability of the route during autonomous driving. An experiment was conducted and verified in the actual urban environment of Songdo New Town, Incheon, to ascertain the efficacy of the proposed method in enhancing ride comfort. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Decision trees

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A Study on Reliability of Interruption Time on Thyristor-based Multi-module SSCB by Parameter Optimization

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of electrical Engineers 2024年第1期73卷 37-43页

作者： Kim, Jong-Myoung Song, Jin-Sol Kim, Chul-Hwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

With the increasing penetration of PV and RES, the DC source in the power system is rapidly increasing. As a result, there is active discussion regarding the introduction of MVDC distribution networks in Korea. Because DC fault have different characteristics compared to AC fault, research on DC circuit breakers is essential for establishing protection system in MVDC distribution networks. In this paper, research on the optimal parameter design of a SCR-based solid-state circuit breaker is conducted. Proposed SSCB combines the advantages of SSCB with fast interruption time and interrupting method of HCB that generate artificial zero-current crossing point. The proposed SSCB is capable of performing the interruption within 50us upon receiving a trip signal from the relay. It is expected to contribute to the establishment of a reliable protection coordination system in MVDC network. The validation of the operation of the SSCB was performed by Matlab/Simulink. © 2024 Korean Institute of electrical Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric power distribution

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Knowledge distillation on spatial-temporal graph convolutional network for traffic prediction

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2025年第1期47卷 45-56页

作者： Izadi, Mohammad Safayani, Mehran Mirzaei, Abdolreza Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

Efficient real-time traffic prediction is crucial for reducing transportation time. To predict traffic conditions, we employ a spatio-temporal graph neural network (ST-GNN) to model our real-time traffic data as temporal graphs. Despite its capabilities, it often encounters challenges in delivering efficient real-time predictions for real-world traffic data. Recognizing the significance of timely prediction due to the dynamic nature of real-time data, we employ knowledge distillation (KD) as a solution to enhance the execution time of ST-GNNs for traffic prediction. In this paper, We introduce a cost function designed to train a network with fewer parameters (the student) using distilled data from a complex network (the teacher) while maintaining its accuracy close to that of the teacher. We use knowledge distillation, incorporating spatial-temporal correlations from the teacher network to enable the student to learn the complex patterns perceived by the teacher. However, a challenge arises in determining the student network architecture rather than considering it inadvertently. To address this challenge, we propose an algorithm that utilizes the cost function to calculate pruning scores, addressing small network architecture search issues, and jointly fine-tunes the network resulting from each pruning stage using KD. Ultimately, we evaluate our proposed ideas on two real-world datasets, PeMSD7 and PeMSD8. The results indicate that our method can maintain the student's accuracy close to that of the teacher, even with the retention of only (Formula presented.) of network parameters. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cost functions

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Predicting Distant Metastatic Sites in Cancer Using miRNA and mRNA Expression Data

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Current Bioinformatics 2025年第5期20卷 473-485页

作者： Mamatkarimov, Dostonjon Kang, Jiahui Han, Kyungsook Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of

Background: Cancer patients with metastasis face a much lower survival rate and a higher risk of recurrence than those without metastasis. So far, several learning methods have been proposed to predict cancer metastasis, but most of these methods are intended to predict lymph node metastasis rather than distant metastasis. Distant metastasis is more difficult to predict than lymph node metastasis because distant metastasis is detected after a comprehensive examination of the entire body, and there are not enough publicly available tumor samples with distant metastasis that can be used for training learning methods. Predicting distant metastatic sites is even more challenging than predicting whether distant metastasis will occur or not. Methods: The problem of predicting distant metastatic sites is a multi‐class and multi‐label classification problem;there are more than two classes for distant metastatic sites (bone, brain, liver, lung, and other organs), and a single sample can have multiple labels for multiple metastatic sites. We transformed the multi‐label and multi‐class problem into multiple single‐label binary problems. For each metastatic site, we built a random forest model that deals with binary classification and linked the models along a chain. Results: Testing the model on miRNA and mRNA expression datasets of several cancer types showed a high performance in all performance measures. In the comparison of our model with other methods, our method outperformed the others. Conclusion: We developed a new method for predicting multiple metastatic sites using miRNA and mRNA expression data. The technique will be useful in predicting distant metastatic sites before distant metastasis occurs, which in turn will help clinicians determine treatment options for cancer patients. © 2025 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Diseases

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