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resonance production in Pb–Pb collisions at TeV

The European Physical Journal C 2023年第5期83卷 1-16页

作者： Acharya, S. Adamová, D. Adler, A. Aglieri Rinella, G. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S. U. Ahuja, I. Akindinov, A. Al-Turany, M. Aleksandrov, D. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H. M. Alfaro Molina, R. Ali, B. Ali, Y. Alici, A. Alizadehvandchali, N. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alocco, G. Alt, T. Altsybeev, I. Anaam, M. N. Andrei, C. Andronic, A. Anguelov, V. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Anuj, C. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arata, C. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, R. Arsene, I. C. Arslandok, M. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, R. Aziz, S. Azmi, M. D. Badalà, A. Baek, Y. W. Bai, X. Bailhache, R. Bailung, Y. Bala, R. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, A. Balis, B. Banerjee, D. Banoo, Z. Barbera, R. Barioglio, L. Barlou, M. Barnaföldi, G. G. Barnby, L. S. Barret, V. Barreto, L. Bartels, C. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Baruffaldi, F. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Battistini, D. Batyunya, B. Bauri, D. Alba, J. L. Bazo Bearden, I. G. Beattie, C. Becht, P. Behera, D. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, R. Belokurova, S. Belyaev, V. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikova, A. Bergmann, L. Besoiu, M. G. Betev, L. Bhaduri, P. P. Bhasin, A. Bhat, M. A. Bhattacharjee, B. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Biernat, J. Bigot, A. P. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, S. Bize, N. Blair, J. T. Blau, D. Blidaru, M. B. Bluhme, N. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bodova, T. Bogdanov, A. Boi, S. Bok, J. Boldizsár, L. Bolozdynya, A. Bombara, M. Bond, P. M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bossi, H. Botta, E. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Bruno, G. E. Buckland, M. D. Budnikov, D. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugnon, O. Buhler, P. Buthelezi, Z. Butt, J. B. Bylinkin, A. Bysiak, S. A. Cai, M. Caines, H. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camacho, J. M. M. Camerini, P. Canedo, F. D. M. Carabas, M. Carnesecchi, F. Caron, R. Castillo Castellanos, J. Catalano, F. Ceballos Sanchez, C. Chakaberia, I. Chakraborty, P. Chandra, S. Chapeland, S. Chartier, M. Chattopadhyay, S. Chavez, T. G. Cheng, T. Ch Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež Czech Republic Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik Frankfurt Germany European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN Geneva Switzerland Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy University of Houston Houston USA Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padua Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley USA SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNRS-IN2P3 Nantes France Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie Université Grenoble-Alpes CNRS-IN2P3 Grenoble

Hadronic resonances are used to probe the hadron gas produced in the late stage of heavy-ion collisions since they decay on the same timescale, of the order of 1–10 fm/c, as the decoupling time of the system. In the hadron gas, (pseudo)elastic scatterings among the products of resonances that decayed before the kinetic freeze-out and regeneration processes counteract each other, the net effect depending on the resonance lifetime, the duration of the hadronic phase, and the hadronic cross sections at play. In this context, the $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ particle is of particular interest as models predict that regeneration dominates over rescattering despite its relatively short lifetime of about 5.5 fm/c. The first measurement of the $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ resonance production at midrapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}= 5.02$$ TeV with the ALICE detector is presented in this Letter. The resonances are reconstructed via their hadronic decay channel, $$\Lambda \pi $$ , as a function of the transverse momentum ( $$p_\textrm{T}$$ ) and the collision centrality. The results are discussed in comparison with the measured yield of pions and with expectations from the statistical hadronization model as well as commonly employed event generators, including PYTHIA8/Angantyr and EPOS3 coupled to the UrQMD hadronic cascade afterburner. None of the models can describe the data. For $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ , a similar behaviour as $$\textrm{K}^{*} (892)^{0}$$ is observed in data unlike the predictions of EPOS3 with afterburner.

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Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Component-separated maps of CMB temperature and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect

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Physical Review D 2020年第2期102卷 023534-023534页

作者： Mathew S. Madhavacheril J. Colin Hill Sigurd Næss Graeme E. Addison Simone Aiola Taylor Baildon Nicholas Battaglia Rachel Bean J. Richard Bond Erminia Calabrese Victoria Calafut Steve K. Choi Omar Darwish Rahul Datta Mark J. Devlin Joanna Dunkley Rolando Dünner Simone Ferraro Patricio A. Gallardo Vera Gluscevic Mark Halpern Dongwon Han Matthew Hasselfield Matt Hilton Adam D. Hincks Renée Hložek Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho Kevin M. Huffenberger John P. Hughes Brian J. Koopman Arthur Kosowsky Martine Lokken Thibaut Louis Marius Lungu Amanda MacInnis Loïc Maurin Jeffrey J. McMahon Kavilan Moodley Federico Nati Michael D. Niemack Lyman A. Page Bruce Partridge Naomi Robertson Neelima Sehgal Emmanuel Schaan Alessandro Schillaci Blake D. Sherwin Cristóbal Sifón Sara M. Simon David N. Spergel Suzanne T. Staggs Emilie R. Storer Alexander van Engelen Eve M. Vavagiakis Edward J. Wollack Zhilei Xu Centre for the Universe Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 2Y5 Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University 4 Ivy Lane Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Physics Columbia University 550 West 120th Street New York New York 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New York New York 10010 USA School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48103 USA Department of Astronomy Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto 60 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H8 Canada School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Wilberforce Road Cambridge CB3 0WA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Instituto de Astrofísica and Centro de Astro-Ingeniería Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 7820436 Macul Santiago Chile Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics Cornell University 109 Clark Hall Ithaca New York 14853 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089-0484 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1 Physics and Astronomy Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Astrophysics & Cosmology Research Unit Sc

Optimal analyses of many signals in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) require map-level extraction of individual components in the microwave sky, rather than measurements at the power spectrum level alone. To date, nearly all map-level component separation in CMB analyses has been performed exclusively using satellite data. In this paper, we implement a component separation method based on the internal linear combination (ILC) approach which we have designed to optimally account for the anisotropic noise (in the 2D Fourier domain) often found in ground-based CMB experiments. Using this method, we combine multifrequency data from the Planck satellite and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) to construct the first wide-area (≈2100 sq. deg.), arcminute-resolution component-separated maps of the CMB temperature anisotropy and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect sourced by the inverse-Compton scattering of CMB photons off hot, ionized gas. Our ILC pipeline allows for explicit deprojection of various contaminating signals, including a modified blackbody approximation of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) spectral energy distribution. The cleaned CMB maps will be a useful resource for CMB lensing reconstruction, kinematic SZ cross-correlations, and primordial non-Gaussianity studies. The tSZ maps will be used to study the pressure profiles of galaxies, groups, and clusters through cross-correlations with halo catalogs, with dust contamination controlled via CIB deprojection. The data products described in this paper are available on LAMBDA.

关键词： Cosmic microwave background Cosmology

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Influence of Ionization and Beam Quality on Interaction of TW-Peak CO2 Laser With Hydrogen Plasma

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第4期1067卷

作者： P Kumar K Yu R Samulyak Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Computational Science Initiative Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA

3D numerical simulations of the interaction of a powerful CO2 laser with hydrogen jets demonstrating the role of ionization and laser beam quality are presented. Simulations are performed in support of the plasma wakefield accelerator experiments being conducted at the BNL Accelerator Test Facility (ATF). The CO2 laser at BNL ATF has several potential advantages for laser wakefield acceleration compared to widely used solid-state lasers. SPACE, a parallel relativistic Particle-in-Cell code, developed at SBU and BNL, has been used in these studies. A novelty of the code is its set of efficient atomic physics algorithms that compute ionization and recombination rates on the grid and transfer them to particles. The primary goal of the initial BNL experiments was to characterize the plasma density by measuring the sidebands in the spectrum of the probe laser. Simulations, that resolve hydrogen ionization and laser spectra, help explain several trends that were observed in the experiments[1].

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A multi-resolution spatial model for large datasets based on the skew-t distribution

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Tagle, Felipe F. Castruccio, Stefano Genton, Marc G. Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN46556 United States CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

Large, non-Gaussian spatial datasets pose a considerable modeling challenge as the dependence structure implied by the model needs to be captured at different scales, while retaining feasible inference. Skew-normal and skew-t distributions have only recently begun to appear in the spatial statistics literature, without much consideration, however, for the ability to capture dependence at multiple resolutions, and simultaneously achieve feasible inference for increasingly large data sets. This article presents the first multi-resolution spatial model inspired by the skew-t distribution, where a large-scale effect follows a multivariate normal distribution and the fine-scale effects follow a multivariate skew-normal distributions. The resulting marginal distribution for each region is skew-t, thereby allowing for greater flexibility in capturing skewness and heavy tails characterizing many environmental datasets. Likelihood-based inference is performed using a Monte Carlo EM algorithm. The model is applied as a stochastic generator of daily wind speeds over Saudi Arabia. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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First Measurement of A=4 Hypernuclei and Antihypernuclei at the LHC

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第16期134卷 162301-162301页

作者： S. Acharya A. Agarwal G. Aglieri Rinella L. Aglietta M. Agnello N. Agrawal Z. Ahammed S. Ahmad S. U. Ahn I. Ahuja A. Akindinov V. Akishina M. Al-Turany D. Aleksandrov B. Alessandro H. M. Alfanda R. Alfaro Molina B. Ali A. Alici N. Alizadehvandchali A. Alkin J. Alme G. Alocco T. Alt A. R. Altamura I. Altsybeev J. R. Alvarado C. O. R. Alvarez M. N. Anaam C. Andrei N. Andreou A. Andronic E. Andronov V. Anguelov F. Antinori P. Antonioli N. Apadula L. Aphecetche H. Appelshäuser C. Arata S. Arcelli R. Arnaldi J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro I. C. Arsene M. Arslandok A. Augustinus R. Averbeck D. Averyanov M. D. Azmi H. Baba A. Badalà J. Bae Y. W. Baek X. Bai R. Bailhache Y. Bailung R. Bala A. Balbino A. Baldisseri B. Balis Z. Banoo V. Barbasova F. Barile L. Barioglio M. Barlou B. Barman G. G. Barnaföldi L. S. Barnby E. Barreau V. Barret L. Barreto C. Bartels K. Barth E. Bartsch N. Bastid S. Basu G. Batigne D. Battistini B. Batyunya D. Bauri J. L. Bazo Alba I. G. Bearden C. Beattie P. Becht D. Behera I. Belikov A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria F. Bellini R. Bellwied S. Belokurova L. G. E. Beltran Y. A. V. Beltran G. Bencedi A. Bensaoula S. Beole Y. Berdnikov A. Berdnikova L. Bergmann M. G. Besoiu L. Betev P. P. Bhaduri A. Bhasin B. Bhattacharjee L. Bianchi J. Bielčík J. Bielčíková A. P. Bigot A. Bilandzic G. Biro S. Biswas N. Bize J. T. Blair D. Blau M. B. Blidaru N. Bluhme C. Blume G. Boca F. Bock T. Bodova J. Bok L. Boldizsár M. Bombara P. M. Bond G. Bonomi H. Borel A. Borissov A. G. Borquez Carcamo E. Botta Y. E. M. Bouziani L. Bratrud P. Braun-Munzinger M. Bregant M. Broz G. E. Bruno V. D. Buchakchiev M. D. Buckland D. Budnikov H. Buesching S. Bufalino P. Buhler N. Burmasov Z. Buthelezi A. Bylinkin S. A. Bysiak J. C. Cabanillas Noris M. F. T. Cabrera M. Cai H. Caines A. Caliva E. Calvo Villar J. M. M. Camacho P. Camerini F. D. M. Canedo S. L. Cantway M. Carabas A. A. Carballo F. Carnesecchi R. Caron L. A. D. Carvalho J. Castillo Castellanos M. Castoldi F. Catalano S. Cattaruzzi R. Cerri I. Chakaberia P. Chakraborty S. Chandra S. Cha Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico University of Houston Houston Texas USA Sungkyunkwan University Suwon City Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy Physik Department Technische Universität München Munich Germany High Energy Physics Group Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA SUBATECH I

In this Letter, the first evidence of the He¯Λ¯4 antihypernucleus is presented, along with the first measurement at the LHC of the production of (anti)hypernuclei with mass number A=4, specifically (anti)HΛ4 and (anti)HeΛ4. In addition, the antiparticle-to-particle ratios for both hypernuclei (H¯Λ¯4/HΛ4 and He¯Λ¯4/HeΛ4) are shown, which are sensitive to the baryochemical potential of the strongly interacting matter created in heavy-ion collisions. The results are obtained from a data sample of central Pb-Pb collisions, collected during the 2018 LHC data taking at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN=5.02 TeV. The yields measured for the average of the charge-conjugated states are found to be [0.78±0.19(stat)±0.17(syst)]×10−6 for the (anti)HΛ4 and [1.08±0.34(stat)±0.20(syst)]×10−6 for the (anti)HeΛ4, and the measured antiparticle-to-particle ratios are in agreement with unity. The presence of (anti)HΛ4 and (anti)HeΛ4 excited states is expected to strongly enhance the production yield of these hypernuclei. The yield values exhibit a combined deviation of 3.3σ from the theoretical ground-state-only expectation, while the inclusion of the excited states in the calculations leads to an agreement within 0.6σ with the present measurements. Additionally, the measured (anti)HΛ4 and (anti)HeΛ4 masses are compatible with the world-average values within the uncertainties.

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Full Dissolution of the Whole Lithium Sulfide Family (Li2S8to Li2S) in a Safe Eutectic Solvent for Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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Angewandte Chemie 2019年第17期131卷

作者： Qian Cheng Weiheng Xu Shiyi Qin Subhabrata Das Tianwei Jin Aijun Li Alex Ceng Li Boyu Qie Pengcheng Yao Haowei Zhai Changmin Shi Xin Yong Yuan Yang Program of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University 500 W 120th St New York NY 10027 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering The State University of New York Binghamton 85 Murray Hill Rd. Suite 1300 Rm#1320 Binghamton NY 13902 USA Langmuir Center of Colloids and Interfaces Columbia University 500 W 120th St New York NY 10027 USA

The lithium–sulfur battery is an attractive option for next‐generation energy storage owing to its much higher theoretical energy density than state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries. However, the massive volume changes of the sulfur cathode and the uncontrollable deposition of Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S significantly deteriorate cycling life and increase voltage polarization. To address these challenges, we develop an ϵ‐caprolactam/acetamide based eutectic‐solvent electrolyte, which can dissolve all lithium polysulfides and lithium sulfide (Li 2 S 8 –Li 2 S). With this new electrolyte, high specific capacity (1360 mAh g −1 ) and reasonable cycling stability are achieved. Moreover, in contrast to conventional ether electrolyte with a low flash point (ca. 2 °C), such low‐cost eutectic‐solvent‐based electrolyte is difficult to ignite, and thus can dramatically enhance battery safety. This research provides a new approach to improving lithium–sulfur batteries in aspects of both safety and performance.

关键词： Elektrolyte Eutektische Lösungsmittel Feuerschutzmittel Lithium-Schwefel-Batterien Sicherheit

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Spectral bounds for independent cascade model with sensitive edges

Spectral bounds for independent cascade model with sensitive...

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Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

作者： Eun Jee Lee Sudeep Kamath Emmanuel Abbe Sanjeev R. Kulkarni Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University

This paper studies independent cascade models where influence propagates from seed-nodes along edges with independent probabilities. Upper-bounds for the expected number of influenced nodes were previously proposed using the spectral norm of a Hazard matrix. However, these bounds turn out loose in many cases, in particular with respect to sensitive edges such as bottlenecks, seed adjacent, and high probability edges. This paper proposes a similar bound that improves in such cases by handling sensitives edges more carefully.

关键词： Hazards Upper bound Stochastic processes Information science Merging computational modeling Mathematical model

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Three-dimensional detonation cellular structures in rectangular ducts using an improved CESE scheme

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第11期25卷 369-377页

作者：沈洋申华刘凯欣陈璞张德良 State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System College of Engineering Peking University Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The three-dimensional premixed H2-O2 detonation propagation in rectangular ducts is simulated using an in-house parallel detonation code based on the second-order space-time conservation element and solution element（CE/SE） *** simulation reproduces three typical cellular structures by setting appropriate cross-sectional size and initial perturbation in square *** the cross-sectional size decreases,critical cellular structures transforming the rectangular or diagonal mode into the spinning mode are obtained and discussed in the perspective of phase variation as well as decreasing of triple point ***,multiple cellular structures are observed through examples with typical aspect *** the visualization of detailed three-dimensional structures,their formation mechanism is further analyzed.

关键词： detonation perturbation rectangular diagonal visualization sectional conservation triple walls initially

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CP2K: An electronic structure and molecular dynamics software package quickstep: Efficient and accurate electronic structure calculations

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Kühne, Thomas D. Iannuzzi, Marcella Ben, Mauro Del Rybkin, Vladimir V. Seewald, Patrick Stein, Frederick Laino, Teodoro Khaliullin, Rustam Z. Schütt, Ole Schiffmann, Florian Golze, Dorothea Wilhelm, Jan Chulkov, Sergey Bani-Hashemian, Mohammad Hossein Weber, Valéry Borštnik, Urban Taillefumier, Mathieu Jakobovits, Alice Shoshana Lazzaro, Alfio Pabst, Hans Müller, Tiziano Schade, Robert Guidon, Manuel Andermatt, Samuel Holmberg, Nico Schenter, Gregory K. Hehn, Anna Bussy, Augustin Belleflamme, Fabian Tabacchi, Gloria Glöß, Andreas Lass, Michael Bethune, Iain Mundy, Christopher J. Plessl, Christian Watkins, Matt VandeVondele, Joost Krack, Matthias Hutter, Jürg Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design Chair of Theoretical Chemistry Paderborn University Warburger Str. 100 PaderbornD-33098 Germany Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 ZürichCH-8057 Switzerland Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States IBM Research - Zurich Säumerstrasse 4 RüschlikonCH-8803 Switzerland Department of Chemistry McGill University CH-801 Sherbrooke St. West MontrealQCH3A 0B8 Canada Department of Materials ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8092 Switzerland Centre of Policy Studies Victoria University Melbourne Australia Department of Applied Physics Aalto University Otakaari 1 EspooFI-02150 Finland Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 RegensburgD-93053 Germany School of Mathematics and Physics University of Lincoln Brayford Pool Lincoln United Kingdom Integrated Systems Laboratory ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8092 Switzerland Scientific IT Services ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland ETH Zürich HPE Switzerland GmbH Basel Switzerland Intel Extreme Computing Software and Systems Zürich Switzerland Department of Computer Science and Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing Paderborn University Warburger Str. 100 PaderbornD-33098 Germany Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University P.O. Box 16100 Aalto00076 Finland Physical Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P. O. Box 999 RichlandWA99352 United States Department of Science and High Technology University of Insubria INSTM via Valleggio 9 ComoI-22100 Italy BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Straße 38 Ludwigshafen am RheinD-67056 Germany Hartree Centre Science and Technology Facilities Council United Kingdom Laboratory for Scientific Computing and Modelling Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen PSICH-5232 Switzerland

CP2K is an open source electronic structure and molecular dynamics software package to perform atomistic simulations of solid-state, liquid, molecular and biological systems. It is especially aimed at massively-parallel and linear-scaling electronic structure methods and state-of-the-art ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations. Excellent performance for electronic structure calculations is achieved using novel algorithms implemented for modern high-performance computing systems. This review revisits the main capabilities of CP2K to perform efficient and accurate electronic structure simulations. The emphasis is put on density functional theory and multiple post-Hartree-Fock methods using the Gaussian and plane wave approach and its augmented all-electron extension. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic structure

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