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LncRNA H19 mediates BMP9-induced angiogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells by promoting the p53-Notch1 angiogenic signaling axis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 1040-1054页

作者： Chengcheng Du Qiang Cheng Piao Zhao Claire Wang Zhenglin Zhu Xiangdong Wu Shengqiang Gao Bowen Chen Jing Zou Wei Huang Junyi Liao Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016China Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

BMP9 mediated osteogenic differentiation mechanisms of MSCs were widely explored, however, mechanisms of BMP9-induced angiogenesis still need to be clarified. We previously characterized that Notch1 promoted BMP9-induced osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling process in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we explored the underlying mechanisms of lncRNA H19 (H19) mediated regulation of BMP9-induced angiogenesis through activating Notch1 signaling. We demonstrated that basal expression level of H19 was high in MSCs, and silencing H19 attenuates BMP9-induced osteogenesis and angiogenesis of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, we identified that BMP9-induced production of CD31+ cells was indispensable for BMP9-induced bone formation, and silencing H19 dramatically blocked BMP9-induced production of CD31^(+) cells. In addition, we found that down-regulation of H19 inhibited BMP9 mediated blood vessel formation and followed subsequent bone formation in vivo. Mechanistically, we clarified that H19 promoted p53 phosphorylation by direct interacting and phosphorylating binding, and phosphorylated p53 potentiated Notch1 expression and activation of Notch1 targeting genes by binding on the promoter area of Notch1 gene. These findings suggested that H19 regulated BMP9-induced angiogenesis of MSCs by promoting the p53-Notch1 angiogenic signaling axis.

关键词： Angiogenesis BMP9 Bone tissue engineering LncRNA H19 Mesenchymal stem cells

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Anisotropic extended Burgers model, its relaxation tensor and properties of the associated Boltzmann viscoelastic system

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： de Hoop, Maarten V. Kimura, Masato Lin, Ching-Lung Nakamura, Gen Tanuma, Kazumi Computational and Applied Mathematics and Earth Science Rice University HoustonTX United States Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Kanazawa University Kanazawa920-1192 Japan Department of Mathematics National Cheng-Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Mathematics Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0808 Japan Research Center of Mathematics for Social Creativity Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0812 Japan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology Gunma University Kiryu376-8515 Japan

We provide a new method for constructing the anisotropic relaxation tensor and proving its exponential decay property for the extended Burgers model (abbreviated by EBM). The EBM is an important viscoelasticity model in rheology, and used in Earth and planetary sciences. Upon having this tensor, the EBM can be converted to a Boltzmann-type viscoelastic system of equations (abbreviated by BVS). Historically, the relaxation tensor for the EBM is derived by solving the constitutive equation using the Laplace transform. (We refer to this approach by the L-method.) Since inverting the inverse Laplace transform needs a partial fractions expansion, the L-method needs to assume that the EBM elasticity tensors satisfy a commutivity condition. The new method not only avoids this condition but also enables obtaining several important properties of the relaxation tensor, including its positivity, smoothness with respect to the time variable, its exponential decay property together with its derivative, and its causality. Furthermore, we show that the BVS converted from the EBM has the exponential decay property. That is, any solution for its initial boundary value problem with homogeneous boundary data and source decays exponentially as time tends to infinity. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Viscoelasticity

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Viscosity Solutions of the Eikonal Equation on the Wasserstein Space∗

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Soner, H. Mete Yan, Qinxin Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08540 United States Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08540 United States

Dynamic programming equations for mean field control problems with a separable structure are Eikonal type equations on the Wasserstein space. Standard differentiation using linear derivatives yield a direct extension of the classical viscosity theory. We use Fourier representation of the Sobolev norms on the space of measures, together with the standard techniques from the finite dimensional theory to prove a comparison result among semicontinuous sub and super solutions, obtaining a unique characterization of the value *** Codes 35D40, 35Q89, 49L12, 49L25, 60G99 © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Viscosity

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Optimal Synergic Deep Learning for COVID-19 Classification Using Chest X-Ray Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5255-5270页

作者： JoséEscorcia-Gutierrez Margarita Gamarra Roosvel Soto-Diaz Safa Alsafari Ayman Yafoz Romany F.Mansour Departament of Computational Science and Electronic Universidad de la CostaCUCBarranquilla080002Colombia Biomedical Engineering Program Universidad Simón BolívarBarranquilla080002Colombia Department of Computer Science and AI Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl-Kharga72511Egypt

A chest radiology scan can significantly aid the early diagnosis and management of COVID-19 since the virus attacks the *** X-ray(CXR)gained much interest after the COVID-19 outbreak thanks to its rapid imaging time,widespread availability,low cost,and *** radiological investigations,computer-aided diagnostic tools are implemented to reduce intra-and inter-observer *** lately industrialized Artificial Intelligence(AI)algorithms and radiological techniques to diagnose and classify disease is *** current study develops an automatic identification and classification model for CXR pictures using Gaussian Fil-tering based Optimized Synergic Deep Learning using Remora Optimization Algorithm(GF-OSDL-ROA).This method is inclusive of preprocessing and classification based on *** data is preprocessed using Gaussian filtering(GF)to remove any extraneous noise from the image’s ***,the OSDL model is applied to classify the CXRs under different severity levels based on CXR *** learning rate of OSDL is optimized with the help of ROA for COVID-19 diagnosis showing the novelty of the *** model,applied in this study,was validated using the COVID-19 *** experiments were conducted upon the proposed OSDL model,which achieved a classification accuracy of 99.83%,while the current Convolutional Neural Network achieved less classification accuracy,i.e.,98.14%.

关键词： Artificial intelligence chest X-ray COVID-19 optimized synergic deep learning preprocessing public health

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FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION WITH POROUS MEDIA: THE BEAVER-JOSEPH CONDITION IN THE STRONG SENSE

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Binz, Tim Hieber, Matthias Roy, Arnab Princeton University Program in Applied & Computational Mathematics Fine Hall Washington Road PrincetonNJ08544 United States Technische Universität Darmstadt Schloßgartenstraße 7 Darmstadt64289 Germany

This article considers fluid structure interaction describing the motion of a fluid contained in a porous medium. The fluid is modelled by Navier-Stokes equations and the coupling between fluid and the porous medium is described by the classical Beaver-Joseph or the Beaver-Joseph-Saffman interface condition. In contrast to previous work these conditions are investigated for the first time in the strong sense and it is shown that the coupled system admits a unique, global strong solution in critical spaces provided the data are small enough. Furthermore, a Serrin-type blow-up criterium is developed and higher regularity estimates at the interface are established, which say that the solution is even analytic provided the forces are so. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Navier Stokes equations

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A Combined VTS/Lazard Quantifier Elimination Method 6

A Combined VTS/Lazard Quantifier Elimination Method

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6th Satisfiability Checking and Symbolic Computation-Square Workshop, SC-Square 2021

作者： Davenport, James H. Tonks, Zak P. Uncu, Ali K. University of Bath Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science Bath United Kingdom Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics Austrian Academy of Science Altenbergerstraße 69 LinzA-4040 Austria

Many nonlinear optimisation problems involving systems of multivariate polynomial constraints can be expressed as Quantifier Elimination problems. In this regard, the need to eliminate quantifiers presents itself in many real problems such as in economics, mechanics, and motion planning. We focus on using Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition and Virtual Term Substitution simultaneously. In this paper, we introduce the state-of-the-art theory behind an implementation of these methods produced in collaboration with Maplesoft. © 2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Motion planning

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UNRAVELING THE GEOGRAPHY OF INFECTION SPREAD: HARNESSING SUPER-AGENTS FOR PREDICTIVE MODELING

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sikaroudi, Amir Mohammad Esmaieeli Efrat, Alon Chertkov, Michael Computer Science Department University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Program in Applied Mathematics Department of Mathematics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

Our study presents an intermediate-level modeling approach that bridges the gap between complex Agent-Based Models (ABMs) and traditional compartmental models for infectious diseases. We introduce "super-agents" to simulate infection spread in cities, reducing computational complexity while retaining individual-level interactions. This approach leverages real-world mobility data and strategic geospatial tessellations for efficiency. Voronoi Diagram tessellations, based on specific street network locations, outperform standard Census Block Group tessellations, and a hybrid approach balances accuracy and efficiency. Benchmarking against existing ABMs highlights key optimizations. This research improves disease modeling in urban areas, aiding public health strategies in scenarios requiring geographic specificity and high computational efficiency. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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CVIT: CONTINUOUS VISION TRANSFORMER FOR OPERATOR LEARNING

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Sifan Seidman, Jacob H. Sankaran, Shyam Wang, Hanwen Pappas, George J. Perdikaris, Paris Institution for Foundation of Data Science Yale University United States Graduate Program in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania United States

Operator learning, which aims to approximate maps between infinite-dimensional function spaces, is an important area in scientific machine learning with applications across various physical domains. Here we introduce the Continuous Vision Transformer (CViT), a novel neural operator architecture that leverages advances in computer vision to address challenges in learning complex physical systems. CViT combines a vision transformer encoder, a novel grid-based coordinate embedding, and a query-wise cross-attention mechanism to effectively capture multi-scale dependencies. This design allows for flexible output representations and consistent evaluation at arbitrary resolutions. We demonstrate CViT’s effectiveness across a diverse range of partial differential equation (PDE) systems, including fluid dynamics, climate modeling, and reaction-diffusion processes. Our comprehensive experiments show that CViT achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple benchmarks, often surpassing larger foundation models, even without extensive pretraining and roll-out fine-tuning. Taken together, CViT exhibits robust handling of discontinuous solutions, multi-scale features, and intricate spatio-temporal dynamics. Our contributions can be viewed as a significant step towards adapting advanced computer vision architectures for building more flexible and accurate machine learning models in the physical sciences. All data and code are publicly available at https://***/PredictiveIntelligenceLab/cvit. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Computer vision

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Risk-aware stochastic control of a sailboat

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, MingYi Patnaik, Natasha Somalwar, Anne Wu, Jingyi Vladimirsky, Alexander The Center for Applied Mathematics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States The Department of Computational Applied Mathematics and Operations Research Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States The graduate group in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States The Center for Data Science New York University New York CityNY10012 United States The Department of Mathematics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

Sailboat path-planning is a natural hybrid control problem (due to continuous steering and occasional "tack-switching" maneuvers), with the actual path-to-target greatly affected by stochastically evolving wind conditions. Previous studies have focused on finding risk-neutral policies that minimize the expected time of arrival. In contrast, we present a robust control approach, which maximizes the probability of arriving before a specified deadline/threshold. Our numerical method recovers the optimal risk-aware (and threshold-specific) policies for all initial sailboat positions and a broad range of thresholds simultaneously. This is accomplished by solving two quasi-variational inequalities based on second-order Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) PDEs with degenerate parabolicity. Monte-Carlo simulations show that risk-awareness in sailing is particularly useful when a carefully calculated bet on the evolving wind direction might yield a reduction in the number of *** Codes 93E20 (Primary), 93C30, 49L20, 65K15, 91B05 (Secondary) Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Snow topography on undeformed Arctic sea ice captured by an idealized "snow dune" model

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Popović, Predrag Finkel, Justin Silber, Mary C. Abbot, Dorian S. The University Of Chicago The Department Of The Geophysical Sciences United States The University Of Chicago Committee On Computational And Applied Mathematics United States The University Of Chicago Department Of Statistics Committee On Computational And Applied Mathematics United States

Our ability to predict the future of Arctic sea ice is limited by ice's sensitivity to detailed surface conditions such as the distribution of snow and melt ponds. Snow on top of the ice decreases ice's thermal conductivity, increases its reflectivity (albedo), and provides a source of meltwater for melt ponds during summer that decrease the ice's albedo. In this paper, we develop a simple model of pre-melt snow topography that accurately describes snow cover of flat, undeformed Arctic sea ice on several study sites for which data was available. The model considers a surface that is a sum of randomly sized and placed "snow dunes" represented as Gaussian mounds. This model generalizes the "void model" of Popović et al. [1] and, as such, accurately describes the statistics of melt pond geometry. We test this model against detailed LiDAR measurements of the pre-melt snow topography. We show that the model snow-depth distribution is statistically indistinguishable from the measurements on flat ice, while small disagreement exists if the ice is deformed. We then use this model to determine analytic expressions for the conductive heat flux through the ice and for melt pond coverage evolution during an early stage of pond formation. We also formulate a criterion for ice to remain pond-free throughout the summer. Results from our model could be directly included in large-scale models, thereby improving our understanding of energy balance on sea ice and allowing for more reliable predictions of Arctic sea ice in a future climate. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Snow

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