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Recent Advances in Parity-Time Symmetry-Enabled Electromagnetic Sensors

Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 105卷 107-121页

作者： Yang, Minye Ye, Zhilu Chen, Pai-Yen Erricolo, Danilo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Parity-time (PT) reversal symmetry, as a representative example in the field of non-Hermitian physics, has attracted widespread research interest in the past few years due to its extraordinary wave dynamics. PT symmetry enables unique spectral singularities including the exceptional point (EP) degeneracy where two or more eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, as well as the coherent perfect absorber-laser (CPAL) point where laser and its time-reversal counterpart (i.e., coherent perfect absorber) can coexist at the same frequency. These singular points not only give rise to new physical phenomena but also provide new plausibility for building the next-generation sensors and detectors with unprecedented sensitivity. To date, investigations into EPs and CPAL points have unveiled their great potential in various sensing scenarios across a broad spectral range, spanning optics, photonics, electronics, and acoustics. In this review article, we will discuss ongoing developments of EP- and CPAL-based sensors composed of PT-synthetic structures and offer a glimpse into the future research directions in this emerging field. © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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A Compact 28 GHz Millimeter Wave Antenna for Future Wireless Communication

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 301-314页

作者： Shahid Khan Adil Bashir Haider Ali Abdul Rauf Mohamed Marey Hala Mostafa Ikram Syed LCOMS ASECUniversity de LorraineMetz57070France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Comsats University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus22060Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Electronics Technology University of TechnologyNowshera24100Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12Islamabad44000Pakistan Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory College of EngineeringPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Computer Software Engineering Military College of SignalsNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan

This article presents a novel modified chuck wagon dinner bell shaped millimeter wave(mm-wave)antenna at 28 *** proposed design has ultra-thin Rogers 5880 substrate with relative permittivity of *** design consists of T shaped resonating elements and two open ended side *** desired 28 GHz frequency response is achieved by careful parametric modeling of the proposed *** maximum achieved single element gain at the desired resonance frequency is 3.45 *** efficiency of the proposed design over the operating band is more than 88%.The impedance bandwidth achieved for−10 dB reference value is nearly 2.9 *** proposed antenna is transformed into four element linear array which increases the gain up to 10.5 *** fabricated prototype is tested for the measured *** is observed that measured results closely match the simulated *** considering its simple structure and focused radiation patterns,the proposed design is well suited for IoT(Internet of Things),mmWave microwave sensing,5G and future RF(Radio Frequency)frontends.

关键词： RF front-ends mmWave partial ground plane 28 GHz IoT 5G antenna

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Strong nonlinear optical processes with extraordinary polarization anisotropy in inversionsymmetry broken two-dimensional PdPSe

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1524-1533页

作者： Song Zhu Ruihuan Duan Xiaodong Xu Fangyuan Sun Wenduo Chen Fakun Wang Siyuan Li Ming Ye Xin Zhou Jinluo Cheng Yao Wu Houkun Liang Junichiro Kono Xingji Li Zheng Liu Qi Jie Wang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES UMI 3288Research Techno PlazaNanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology150001 HarbinChina Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore117543 SingaporeSingapore GPL Photonics Lab State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunChina School of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan University610064 ChengduSichuanChina School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Physics and Astronomyand Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Nonlinear optical activities,especially second harmonic generation(SHG),are key phenomena in inversion-symmetrybroken two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs).On the other hand,anisotropic nonlinear optical processes are important for unique applications in nano-nonlinear photonic devices with polarization functions,having become one of focused research topics in the field of nonlinear ***,the strong nonlinearity and strong optical anisotropy do not exist simultaneously in common 2D ***,we demonstrate strong secondorder and third-order susceptibilities of 64 pm/V and 6.2×10^(-19)m^(2)/V^(2),respectively,in the even-layer PdPSe,which has not been discovered in other common TMDCs(e.g.,MoS2).Strikingly,it also simultaneously exhibited strong SHG anisotropy with an anisotropic ratio of~45,which is the largest reported among all 2D materials to date,to the best of our *** addition,the SHG anisotropy ratio can be harnessed from 0.12 to 45(375 times)by varying the excitation wavelength due to the dispersion ofχ^(2)*** an illustrative example,we further demonstrate polarized SHG imaging for potential applications in crystal orientation identification and polarization-dependent spatial *** findings in 2D PdPSe are promising for nonlinear nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications.

关键词： materials anisotropy nonlinear

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IRS/UAV-Based Edge-Computing and Traffic-Offioading Over 6G THz Mobile Wireless Networks

IRS/UAV-Based Edge-Computing and Traffic-Offioading Over 6G ...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2023

作者： Wang, Fei Zhang, Xi Chongqing Key Laboratory of Non-linear Circuit and Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University Chongqing400715 China Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&m University College StationTX77843 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781538674628

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and Terahertz (THz) communications, which are recognized as 6G promising techniques, have attracted significant attentions. We propose UAV energy minimization schemes for IRS/UAV-based mobile-edge-computing (MEC) and traffic-offloading over broadband THz mobile networks. In the networks, multiple UAVs serving as MEC-servers collect data from multiple ground users (GUs) with the assistance of a set of passive IRSs. First, we formulate a UAV energy minimization problem, which jointly optimizes the IRSs' phase shifts, UAVs' trajectories, and system computation and communication resources. For THz communications, since the composite channel power gains of GUs are complicated functions of UAVs' trajectories and IRSs' phase shifts, the formulated optimization problem is non-convex. Then, using the alternating optimization (AO) technique, we decompose this non-convex optimization problem into three sub-problems which then can be iteratively solved. Finally, we validate and evaluate the proposed schemes by numerical analyses, which show that the energy consumption of UAVs can be reduced by around 40% by using IRSs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Subjective and Objective Quality Assessments of AI-Generated Images for Language E-Learning

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 100667-100682页

作者： Chibuike Onuoha Vu Hai Dang Nguyen Duc Nam Truong Thu Huong Pham Ngoc Nam Truong Cong Thang Department of Computer Science and Information Systems The University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam College of Engineering and Computer Science VinUniversity Hanoi Vietnam

AI-generated images (AIGIs) are becoming popular and can be employed in many applications, owing to Generative AI (GAI). Researchers have developed models that can be used to generate images for different scenarios. In addition, researchers have proposed datasets of natural scene images for language learning and different AIGI-quality datasets for general applications. For e-learning, particularly in the context of language learning, no AIGI dataset is currently available. To fill this gap, we first proposed an AIGI quality dataset for language learning. Both subjective and objective assessments have been conducted on the proposed dataset. The findings from subjective assessment show that higher perceptual quality also corresponds to a more substantial alignment. It also shows that the average MOS scores of images generated from Stability AI models are similar and lower than images generated by the Dall.E3 model. The results of the objective assessment indicate that the performance of off-the-shelf quality models is generally low. In addition, results from finetuning learning-based quality models show that significant gains and improvements can be achieved using the dataset. The results of the alignment evaluation show that the HPS model is the best, and realistic images in the dataset produced the best alignment correlation compared to the other styles in the dataset. The findings also show that multimodal large language models, such as vision-enabled GPT-4 (GPT-4V), still struggle to produce alignment scores that correlate with humans.

关键词： Electronic learning Visualization Text to image Quality of experience Quality assessment Diffusion models Training data Training Generators Generative AI

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High Performance of Smart Refrigerator System Based on IoT Technique 16

High Performance of Smart Refrigerator System Based on IoT T...

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16th International Conference on Developments in esystems engineering, DeSE 2023

作者： Alsanad, Hamid R. Al-Askari, Mohanad A. Omar, Khaldoon A. Almashhadany, Yousif Algburi, Sameer Yaseen, Taisir A. University of Anbar Department of Electrical Engineering Anbar Iraq University of Anbar Information Systems Department Anbar Iraq Al-Kitab University College of Engineering Kirkuk Iraq University of Anbar Computer Network Department Anbar Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381344

The Internet of Things (IoT) has made a significant impact on improving human life in the modern era, offering convenience and ease. Smart appliances, which are connected to the Internet, have become increasingly popular due to their improved efficiency, robustness, power consumption, and connectivity. The main objective of this paper is to convert a conventional refrigerator into an intelligent appliance by integrating computational intelligence using a microcontroller and a range of sensors. The proposed approach aims to improve food management capabilities by introducing automated techniques and cost-effective intelligence to the refrigerator. The resulting smart refrigerator is designed to be user-friendly and improve the overall quality of life. The system includes a mobile or web application that acts as a bridge between the refrigerator and the user, allowing for remote control and monitoring. The smart refrigerator employs sensors to detect shortages of items and can automatically place orders online or send messages to grocery stores for item delivery. Additionally, the smart module continuously monitors temperature and humidity levels, uploading real-time updates to a cloud platform for user access. The integration of IoT technology into refrigerators offers numerous features and benefits, ultimately enhancing convenience and efficiency in managing food storage and consumption. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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Do we need watchful eyes on our workers? Ethics of using computer vision for workplace surveillance

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AI and Ethics 2025年 1-21页

作者： Sebastian, Rinu Ann Ehinger, Kris Miller, Tim School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Carlton Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland St Lucia Australia

In this paper, we critically examine the relevant ethical concerns of using computer vision-based surveillance in workplaces and propose an intent—and priority-based ethical framework for such systems. With the growing capabilities of computer vision technologies, its application in monitoring workplaces brings forth significant concerns. Organisations increasingly leverage computer vision for workplace surveillance to improve productivity, safety, and security. Unlike electronic surveillance techniques that monitor workers’ wire or electronic communication, computer vision-based workplace surveillance (CVWS) captures highly detailed visual and personal information about workers, including body language, emotional state, and actions. This makes CVWS potentially more intrusive than traditional electronic surveillance, raising a more comprehensive range of ethical considerations. However, this topic has received minimal attention in the current literature. Our proposed framework combines the intention for deploying surveillance with the moral notions of privacy, data security, fairness, transparency, explainability, autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, dignity, and reliability to morally scrutinise CVWS systems. The paper proposes a second framework that aims to establish accountability among key stakeholders of the CVWS system. Further, we discuss two critical questions to consider when evaluating the necessity for CVWS systems in a work environment. In practice, this work will serve as a groundwork for stakeholders such as technical developers, employers, and regulatory and advocacy teams to make ethical design decisions during the developmental, operational, and maintenance stages of CVWS systems and devise proactive strategies to minimise potential harm.

关键词：

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RESIST: Resilient Decentralized Learning Using Consensus Gradient Descent

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Fang, Cheng Dixit, Rishabh Bajwa, Waheed U. Gürbüzbalaban, Mert Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ United States Department of Mathematics University of California San DiegoCA United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Statistics Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Management Science and Information Systems and Statistics Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ United States

Empirical risk minimization (ERM) is a cornerstone of modern machine learning (ML), supported by advances in optimization theory that ensure efficient solutions with provable algorithmic convergence rates, which measure the speed at which optimization algorithms approach a solution, and statistical learning rates, which characterize how well the solution generalizes to unseen data. Privacy, memory, computational, and communications constraints increasingly necessitate data collection, processing, and storage across network-connected devices. In many applications, these networks operate in decentralized settings where a central server cannot be assumed, requiring decentralized ML algorithms that are both efficient and resilient. Decentralized learning, however, faces significant challenges, including an increased attack surface for adversarial interference during decentralized learning processes. This paper focuses on the man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, wherein adversaries exploit communication vulnerabilities between devices to inject malicious updates during training, potentially causing models to deviate significantly from their intended ERM solutions. To address this challenge, we propose RESIST (Resilient dEcentralized learning using conSensus gradIent deScenT), an optimization algorithm designed to be robust against adversarially compromised communication links, where transmitted information may be arbitrarily altered before being received. Unlike existing adversarially robust decentralized learning methods, which often (i) guarantee convergence only to a neighborhood of the solution, (ii) lack guarantees of linear convergence for strongly convex problems, or (iii) fail to ensure statistical consistency as sample sizes grow, RESIST overcomes all three limitations. It achieves algorithmic and statistical convergence for strongly convex, Polyak–Lojasiewicz, and nonconvex ERM problems by employing a multistep consensus gradient descent framework and robust statis

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Role of RPA to Seize Opportunities in 5G Edge Computing in Telecommunications

Role of RPA to Seize Opportunities in 5G Edge Computing in T...

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2024 International Conference on Advances in Computing Research on Science engineering and Technology, ACROSET 2024

作者： Yendluri, Dileep Kumar Tatikonda, Reshmi Tatikonda, Ramya Ponnala, Jainath Kempanna, M. Bhuvanesh, A. University of the Cumberlands Department of Computer Science Williamsburg United States University of the Central Missouri Department of Computer Information Systems Warrensburg United States University of the Cumberlands Department of Information Technology Williamsburg United States Jawaharlal Technological University Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hyderabad India Bangalore Institute of Technology Department of Ai and Ml Bangalore India Psn College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tirunelveli India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388800

This paper explores the role of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in leveraging opportunities presented by 5G edge computing in the telecommunications industry. Integrating RPA and 5G edge computing offers numerous benefits, including enhanced operational efficiency, real-time decision-making, improved service delivery, and cost savings. However, it also poses challenges such as complex integration, security concerns, and the need for effective change management. The paper comprehensively analyzes the potential benefits, challenges, and recommendations for implementing RPA in 5G edge computing. It explores use cases, future advancements, emerging technologies, and anticipated opportunities and challenges. The findings highlight the need for clear objectives, process optimization, collaboration between IT and business teams, and continuous monitoring to leverage RPA in 5G edge computing effectively. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Telecommunication industry

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QoS Prediction Model of Cloud Services Based on Deep Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第3期9卷 564-566页

作者： WenJun Huang PeiYun Zhang YuTong Chen MengChu Zhou Yusuf Al-Turki Abdullah Abusorrah Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology School of Computer and SoftwareNanjingChina IEEE New Jersey Institute of Technology Helen and John C.Hartmann Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringNewarkUSA Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of Engineeringand K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Dear editor,This letter presents a deep learning-based prediction model for the quality-of-service(QoS)of cloud ***,to improve the QoS prediction accuracy of cloud services,a new QoS prediction model is proposed,which is based on multi-staged multi-metric feature fusion with individual *** multi-metric features include global,local,and individual *** results show that the proposed model can provide more accurate QoS prediction results of cloud services than several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： services Services individual

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