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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Bohan Jiang Andrew McNeil Yihao Liu Gaurav Rudravaram Inga Saknite Placide Mbala-Kingebeni Olivier Tshiani Mbaya Tyra Silaphet Rachel Weiss Lori E. Dodd Veronique Nussenblatt Daniel Moyer Bennett A. Landman Benoit M. Dawant Eric R. Tkaczyk Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Dermatology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Veterans Affairs Dermatology Service and Research Service Nashville TN USA Biophotonics Laboratory University of Latvia Riga Latvia Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Frederick MD USA Clinical Trials Research Section Division of Clinical Research National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Bethesda MD USA Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Bethesda MD USA Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

Mpox is a viral illness with heavy cutaneous involvement. Automatic tracking of mpox lesion progression is critical in determining the resolution of evolving lesions. This work introduces a novel application of deep learning for lesion monitoring through alignment of dermatological hand photographs. By adapting the VoxelMorph framework for 2D photographic data, we explore key point alignment across serial images. We trained our neural network model on a unique dataset of 1,658 hand images and evaluated its performance on a test set of 254 images. Additionally, we validated the method's generalizability with a supplementary set of 500 images, which included extensive Mpox infection. Our findings indicate modest yet significant improvements in key points and lesion center registration across different regularization strengths. Although promising, the complexity of hand structure presents challenges, requiring cautious application and further refinement, especially in regions with intense spatial discontinuities, such as interdigital areas.

关键词： Hands Photography Deep learning Training Three-dimensional displays Image resolution Neural networks Parametric statistics Lesions Monitoring

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Combining imitation and deep reinforcement learning to accomplish human-level performance on a virtual foraging task

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Giammarino, Vittorio Dunne, Matthew F. Moore, Kylie N. Hasselmo, Michael E. Stern, Chantal E. Paschalidis, Ioannis Ch. Division of Systems Engineering Boston University BostonMA02446 United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University BostonMA02446 United States Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Cognitive Neuroimaging Center Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Center for Systems Neuroscience Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

We develop a simple framework to learn bio-inspired foraging policies using human data. We conduct an experiment where humans are virtually immersed in an open field foraging environment and are trained to collect the highest amount of rewards. A Markov Decision Process (MDP) framework is introduced to model the human decision dynamics. Then, Imitation Learning (IL) based on maximum likelihood estimation is used to train Neural Networks (NN) that map human decisions to observed states. The results show that passive imitation substantially underperforms humans. We further refine the human-inspired policies via Reinforcement Learning (RL) using the on-policy Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm which shows better stability than other algorithms and can steadily improve the policies pretrained with IL. We show that the combination of IL and RL can match human results and that good performance strongly depends on combining the allocentric information with an egocentric representation of the environment. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Observation of Colossal Terahertz Magnetoresistance and Magnetocapacitance in a Perovskite Manganite

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Chaudhary, Swati He, Jiaming Peraca, Nicolas Marquez Baydin, Andrey Fiete, Gregory A. Zhou, Jianshi Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We have studied the terahertz response of a bulk single crystal of La0.875Sr0.125MnO3at around its Curie temperature, observing large changes in the real and imaginary parts of the optical conductivity as a function of magnetic field. The terahertz resistance and capacitance extracted from the optical conductivity rapidly increased with increasing magnetic field and did not show any sign of saturation up to 6 T, reaching 60% and 15%, respectively, at 180 K. The observed terahertz colossal magnetoresistance and magnetocapacitance effects can be qualitatively explained by using a two-component model that assumes the coexistence of two phases with vastly different conductivities. These results demonstrate the potential use of perovskite manganites for developing efficient terahertz devices based on magnetic modulations of the amplitude and phase of terahertz waves. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical conductivity

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Diffusion-Stego: Training-free diffusion generative steganography via message projection

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Information Sciences 2025年 718卷

作者： Kim, Daegyu Shin, Chaehun Choi, Jooyoung Jung, Dahuin Yoon, Sungroh Data Science and AI Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of School of Computer Science and Engineering Soongsil University Seoul06978 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of AIIS ASRI INMC ISRC Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Generative steganography is the process of hiding secret messages in generated images instead of cover images. Existing studies on generative steganography use GAN or Flow models to obtain high hiding message capacity and anti-detection ability over cover images. However, they create relatively unrealistic stego images because of the inherent limitations of generative models. We propose Diffusion-Stego, a generative steganography approach based on diffusion models that outperform other generative models in image generation. Diffusion-Stego projects secret messages into the latent noise of diffusion models and generates stego images with an iterative denoising process. Since the naive hiding of secret messages into noise boosts visual degradation and decreases extracted message accuracy, we introduce message projection, which hides messages into noise space while addressing these issues. We suggest three options for message projection to adjust the trade-off between extracted message accuracy, anti-detection ability, and image quality. Diffusion-Stego is a training-free approach, so we can apply it to pre-trained diffusion models that generate high-quality images, or even large-scale text-to-image models, such as Stable diffusion. Diffusion-Stego achieved a high capacity of messages as well as high quality that makes it challenging to distinguish from real images in the PNG format. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Salt and pepper noise

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Correction: Microstructuring of cobalt (Co) thin films by UV laser irradiation

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Applied Physics A 2023年第1期130卷 1-1页

作者： Itapu, Srikanth Borra, Vamsi Selvendran, S. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Alliance University Bengaluru India Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Rayen College of Engineering Youngstown State University Youngstown USA Centre for Healthcare Advancement Innovation and Research (CHAIR) School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE) Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India

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Young Women Exposed Actively to the Value of Biomedical engineering

Young Women Exposed Actively to the Value of Biomedical Engi...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Lara A. Thompson Nian Zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Program University of the District of Columbia Washington DC USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of the District of Columbia Washington DC USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728119908

ISBN: (纸本)9781728119915

To bridge the gap between the biological sciences (typically female-dominated) and engineering (typically male-dominated), biomedical engineering (BME) activities could potentially be used as a vehicle to alter female students' perception of engineering as a whole. Female's pursuit of STEM (Science, Technology, engineering and Math) degrees is typically confined to the biological sciences and females earn a high proportion of degrees in nursing, psychology and the social sciences, yet male presence persists in physical sciences and engineering. Female's participation in engineering remains much lower than men at all degree levels. Here, research questions included do female high school students: 1) perceive engineering as relevant? 2) have an interest & aptitude towards exploring engineering in college and as a career? 3) have anxiety in terms of engineering? 4) have engineering "role-confidence"? Participants, a randomly selected pool of 28 high school students (almost exclusively female from schools throughout the DC Metro area) took part in a week-long, all-day workshop where they were exposed to female engineering mentors, peers, and activities tied to BME & engineering. Pre and post surveys, adapted from standard STEM surveys, were administered to the pool of participants. Increases in confidence and interest in engineering and decreased anxiety were observed following female high school students' participation in hands-on activities in BME.

关键词： STEM Weaving Conferences Biology Biomedical engineering Robots engineering profession

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Magneto-optical Spectroscopy with RAMBO: A Table-Top 30 T Magnet

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Baydin, Andrey Katsutani, Fumiya Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Optically probing materials in high magnetic fields can provide enlightening insight into field-modified electronic states and phases, while optically driving materials in high magnetic fields can induce novel nonequilibrium many-body dynamics of spin and charge carriers. While there are high-field magnets compatible with standard optical spectroscopy methods, they are generally bulky and have limited optical access, which prohibit performing state-of-the-art ultrafast and/or nonlinear optical experiments. The Rice Advanced Magnet with Broadband Optics (RAMBO), a unique 30-T pulsed mini-coil magnet system with direct optical access, has enabled previously challenging experiments using femtosecond optical pulses, including time-domain terahertz spectroscopy, in cutting-edge materials placed in strong magnetic fields. Here, we review recent experimental advances made possible by the first-generation RAMBO setup. After summarizing technological aspects of combining optical spectroscopic techniques with the mini-coil magnet, we describe results of magneto-optical studies of a wide variety of materials, providing new insight into the states and dynamics of four types of quasiparticles in solids – excitons, plasmons, magnons, and phonons – in high magnetic fields. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnets

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Landau Polaritons in a Full-Dielectric Three-Dimensional Photonic-Crystal Cavity

Landau Polaritons in a Full-Dielectric Three-Dimensional Pho...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Fuyang Tay Ali Mojibpour Shuang Liang Andrey Baydin Arash Ahmadivand Nicolas Marquez Peraca Hongjing Xu Geoff C. Gardner Michael J. Manfra David Hagenmüller Junichiro Kono Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas USA Microsoft Quantum Purdue Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA ISIS (UMR 7006) Université de Strasbourg and CNRS Strasbourg France Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering Rice University Houston Texas USA

We fabricated a full-dielectric three-dimensional photonic-crystal cavity containing an ultrahigh-mobility two-dimensional electron gas. By applying a strong perpendicular magnetic field, we created Landau polaritons ... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

关键词： Couplings HEMTs Laser modes Polaritons Magnetic fields Gas lasers MODFETs

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Geometric transformation and three-dimensional hopping of Hopf solitons

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Tai, Jung-Shen B. Wu, Jin-Sheng Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Three-dimensional (3D) topological solitons are marvels of mathematical physics that arise in theoretical models in elementary particle and nuclear physics, condensed matter, and cosmology. A particularly interesting type of them is described by the mathematical Hopf map from a hypersphere to an ordinary sphere, which in the physical 3D space exhibits inter-linked circle-like or knotted localized regions of constant order parameter values. Despite their prevalence in models, such solitons remained experimentally elusive until recently, when hopfions were discovered in colloids and chiral liquid crystals, whereas the so-called "heliknotons" were found both individually and within triclinic 3D lattices while smoothly embedded in a helical background of chiral liquid crystals. Constrained by mathematical theorems, stability of these fragile 3D excitations is thought to rely on a delicate interplay of competing free energy contributions, requiring applied fields or confinement and impeding their practical utility. Here we describe such 3D solitons in a material system where no applied fields or confinement are required for stability. Nevertheless, electric fields allow for inter-transforming heliknotons and hopfions to each other, as well as for 3D hopping-like dynamics arising from nonreciprocal evolution of the molecular alignment field in response to electric pulses. Stability of these solitons both in and out of equilibrium can be enhanced by tuning anisotropy of parameters that describe energetic costs of gradient components in the field, which is implemented through varying chemical composition of liquid crystal mixtures. Numerical modelling reproduces fine details of both the equilibrium structure and Hof-index-preserving out-of-equilibrium evolution of the molecular alignment field during switching and motions. Our findings may enable myriads of solitonic condensed matter phases and active matter systems, as well as their technological applications. © 2021, CC B

关键词： Solitons

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Deep convolutional neural network model for short-term electricity price forecasting

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Cheng, Hsu-Yung Kuo, Ping-Huan Shen, Yamin Huang, Chiou-Jye Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Computer and Intelligent Robot Program for Bachelor Degree National Pingtung University School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology

In the modern power market, electricity trading is an extremely competitive industry. More accurate price forecast is crucial to help electricity producers and traders make better decisions. In this paper, a novel method of convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to rapidly provide hourly forecasting in the energy market. To improve prediction accuracy, we divide the annual electricity price data into four categories by seasons and conduct training and forecasting for each category respectively. By comparing the proposed method with other existing methods, we find that the proposed model has achieved outstanding results, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) for each category are about 5.5% and 3, respectively. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Power markets

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