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Large spin Hall effect in Si at room temperature

Physical Review B 2020年第9期101卷 094435-094435页

作者： Paul C. Lou Anand Katailiha Ravindra G. Bhardwaj Tonmoy Bhowmick W. P. Beyermann Roger K. Lake Sandeep Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside California 92521 USA

Silicon's weak intrinsic spin-orbit coupling and centrosymmetric crystal structure are a critical bottleneck to the development of Si spintronics, because they lead to an insignificant spin Hall effect (spin current generation) and inverse spin Hall effect (spin current detection). Here, we undertake current, magnetic field, crystallography dependent magnetoresistance, and magnetothermal transport measurements to study the spin transport behavior in freestanding Si thin films. We observe a large spin Hall magnetoresistance in both p−Si and n−Si at room temperature and it is an order of magnitude larger than that of Pt. One explanation of the unexpectedly large and efficient spin Hall effect is spin-phonon coupling instead of spin-orbit coupling. The macroscopic origin of the spin-phonon coupling can be large strain gradients that can exist in the freestanding Si films. This discovery in a light, earth abundant and centrosymmetric material opens a new path of strain engineering to achieve spin dependent properties in technologically highly developed materials.

关键词： Spin Hall magnetoresistance Spintronics Doped semiconductors

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Publisher Correction: Deciphering DNA variant-associated aberrant splicing with the aid of RNA sequencing

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Nature genetics 2023年第7期55卷 1251页

作者： Bin Zhang Xin Gao Computer Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia. KAUST Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Computer Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia. xin.gao@kaust.edu.sa. KAUST Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. xin.gao@kaust.edu.sa.

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Ultrafast coherence delocalization in real space simulated by polaritons

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Xiang, Bo Yang, Zimo You, Yi-Zhuang Xiong, Wei Materials Science and Engineering Program UC San Diego San Diego92093 United States Department of Physics UC San Diego San Diego92093 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry UC San Diego San Diego92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UC San Diego San Diego92093 United States

We investigated coherence delocalization on a coupled-cavity molecular polariton platform in time, frequency, and spatial domains, enabled by ultrafast two-dimensional infrared hyperspectral imaging. Unidirectional coherence delocalization (coherence prepared in one cavity transfer to another cavity) was observed in frequency and real spaces. This directionality was enabled by dissipation of delocalized photon from high-energy to low-energy modes, described by Lindblad dynamics. Further experiments showed that when coherences were directly prepared across cavities (superpositions between polaritons from different cavities), only energetically nearby polaritons could form coherences that survived the long-range environmental fluctuation. Together with the Lindblad dynamics, this result implied that coherences delocalized through a one-step mechanism where photons transferred from one cavity to another, shedding lights to coherence evolution in natural and artificial quantum systems. This work also demonstrated a way of combining photon and molecular modes to simulate coherence dynamics. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Observation of current-induced switching in non-collinear antiferromagnetic IrMn3 by differential voltage measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Arpaci, Sevdenur Lopez-Dominguez, Victor Shi, Jiacheng Sánchez-Tejerina, Luis Garesci, Francesca Wang, Chulin Yan, Xueting Sangwan, Vinod K. Grayson, Matthew Hersam, Mark C. Finocchio, Giovanni Amiri, Pedram Khalili Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Messina Messina98166 Italy Department of Engineering University of Messina Messina98166 Italy Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

There is accelerating interest in developing memory devices using antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials, motivated by the possibility for electrically controlling AFM order via spin-orbit torques, and its read-out via magnetoresistive effects. Recent studies have shown, however, that high current densities create non-magnetic contributions to resistive switching signals in AFM/heavy metal (AFM/HM) bilayers, complicating their interpretation. Here we introduce an experimental protocol to unambiguously distinguish current-induced magnetic and nonmagnetic switching signals in AFM/HM structures, and demonstrate it in IrMn3/Pt devices. A six-terminal double-cross device is constructed, with an IrMn3 pillar placed on one cross. The differential voltage is measured between the two crosses with and without IrMn3 after each switching attempt. For a wide range of current densities, reversible switching is observed only when write currents pass through the cross with the IrMn3 pillar, eliminating any possibility of non-magnetic switching artifacts. Micromagnetic simulations support our findings, indicating a complex domain-mediated switching process. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Development of a Selective Wet-Chemical Etchant for 3D Structuring of Silicon via Nonlinear Laser Lithography

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Borra, Mona Zolfaghari Radfar, Behrad Nasser, Hisham Çolakoğlu, Tahir Tokel, Onur Turnalı, Ahmet Demirtaş, Merve Ustunel, Hande Toffoli, Daniele Ömer İlday, F. Turan, Raşit Pavlov, Ihor Bek, Alpan ODTÜ-GÜNAM Middle East Technical University Ankara06800 Turkey Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto University Tietotie 3 EspooFI-02150 Finland Department of Physics Engineering Ankara University Ankara06100 Turkey Department of Physics Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey UNAM National Nanotechnology Research Center Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University 8 Saint Mary’s Street BostonMA02215 United States Ankara06800 Turkey Network Technologies Department TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trieste University Trieste Italy IOM-CNR Istituto Officina dei Materiali Trieste34149 Italy Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program of Natural and Applied Sciences Middle East Technical Turkey

Recently-demonstrated high-quality three-dimensional (3D) subsurface laser processing inside crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers opens a door to a wide range of novel applications in multidisciplinary research areas. Using this technique, a novel maskless micro-pillars with precise control on the surface reflection and coverage are successfully fabricated by etching the laser processed region of c-Si wafer. To achieve this, a particular selective wet chemical etching is developed to follow subsurface laser processing of c-Si to reveal the desired 3D structures with smooth surfaces. Here, we report the development of a novel chromium-free chemical etching recipe based on copper nitrate, which yields substantially smooth surfaces at high etch rate and selectivity on the both laser-processed Si surface and subsurface, i.e., without significant etching of the unmodified Si. Our results show that the etch rate and surface morphology are interrelated and strongly influenced by the composition of the adopted etching solution. After an extensive compositional study performed at room temperature, we identify an etchant with a selectivity of over 1600 times for laser-modified Si with respect to unmodified Si. We also support our findings using density functional theory calculations of HF and Cu adsorption energies, indicating significant diversity on the c-Si and laser-modified surfaces. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Morphology

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Ultrafast circuit protection for unmanned systems

Ultrafast circuit protection for unmanned systems

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2019 International Conference on Communications, Information System, and computer engineering, CISCE 2019

作者： Kao, Chih-Hong Huang, Sy-Ruen He, Bo-Rong Lin, Hsiung-Cheng School of Computer Science Minnan Normal University Lab of Granular Computing ZhangZhou Fujjan China Department of Electrical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728136813

With increasing dependence on precision electronic equipment, self-protection is becoming essential. The protection circuits commonly used before were fuses and circuit breakers which, however, they are not enough for the current need of high-speed protection circuits and automated engineering logic. In this paper, we develop a new ultrahigh-speed protection circuit, which is over exceeded 20 times faster than traditional circuits and has the ability to self-recover when any failure occurs. With the new circuit developed, it is not necessary to do manual restart and will meet the future needs of protection for electronic precision equipment. This design provides greater convenience and reliability for the unmanned equipment for the future. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Reply to “Comment on ‘Scattering Cancellation-Based Cloaking for the Maxwell-Cattaneo Heat Waves’”

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Physical Review Applied 2021年第5期15卷 058002-058002页

作者： M. Farhat S. Guenneau P.-Y. Chen A. Alù K.N. Salama Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia UMI 2004 Abraham de Moivre-CNRS Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois 60607 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

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Reduced Gaussian process regression for fault detection of chemical processes

Reduced Gaussian process regression for fault detection of c...

引用

2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

作者： Fezai, Radhia Mansouri, Majdi Bouguila, Nasreddine Nounou, Hazem Nounou, Mohamed Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing National School of Engineers of Monastir University of Monastir 5019 Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar Chemical Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

In this paper, a reduced Gaussian process regression (RGPR)-based generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed for fault detection in industrial systems. In contrast to the classical GPR technique, the RGPR model can handle domains with a large number of activities that require very large training sets. The developed RGPR-based GLRT method aims first to build a RGPR model, then, it consists to apply GLRT to the monitored residuals obtained from PGPR for fault detection purposes. The fault detection performance of the developed RGPR-based GLRT method is illustrated through the Tennessee Eastman process. The simulation results show that the RGPR-based GLRT method outperforms the conventional GPR-based GLRT technique in terms of miss detection rate and CPU-time. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Breaking down the silos: Innovations for multidisciplinary programs

Breaking down the silos: Innovations for multidisciplinary p...

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2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference, ASEE 2020

作者： Amoo, Michaela E. Bringardner, Jack Chen, Jen-Yeu Coyle, Edward J. Finnegan, Jillana Kim, Charles J. Koman, Patricia D. Lagoudas, Magdalini Z. Llewellyn, Donna C. Logan, Louise Sonnenberg-Klein, Julie Trent, Nadia Millis Strachan, Scott Munro Ward, Bennett C. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Howard University United States NYU's Tandon School of Engineering United States National Dong Haw University Taiwan Georgia Institute of Technology United States Boise State University United States University of Michigan College of Engineering Multidisciplinary Design Program United States Texas A&M University United States University of Strathclyde United Kingdom University of Pretoria South Africa Virginia Commonwealth University College of Engineering United States

Universities, colleges and academic departments acknowledge the need for more collaborative, multidisciplinary, entrepreneurial, and global education. Unfortunately, this is no trivial task. Centuries of tradition have produced institutional silos, reinforced by layers of policy and cultural differences between academic departments, between colleges, and between academic and non-academic units. Successful multidisciplinary programs require programmatic and administrative innovation that meet faculty, student and institutional needs and leverage available resources. The Vertically Integrated Project (VIP) model, in place at thirty-seven institutions, has achieved notable success in these areas. This paper profiles innovations from ten VIP programs in three areas: institutional organization, program organization, and faculty approaches. With these innovations, the programs have broken down silos and cultivated meaningful partnerships to meet the needs of multiple stakeholders. The featured institutions vary in size and mission and represent four countries. Each innovation is presented with a brief background to provide context on how the VIP program is situated within the larger institution. Together, these backgrounds, innovations, and lessons learned can benefit others seeking to develop and/or maintain cross-campus multidisciplinary programs. © American Society for engineering Education 2020.

关键词： Education computing

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Machine learning based Gaussian process regression for fault detection of Biological Systems

Machine learning based Gaussian process regression for fault...

引用

2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

Effective detection of faults in Biological processes is essential to observe the continuity of good functioning of the system under typical circumstances for ensuring safety. Therefore, the first objective of this paper is to develop a machine learning based Gaussian process regression (GPR) technique that can accurately model biological processes and compute the monitored residuals. The second objective is to apply a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) to the evaluated residuals for fault detection purposes. The detection performance of the GPR-based GLRT is evaluated using a biological process representing a Cad System in E. Coli (CSEC) model. The GPR-based GLRT is used to enhance monitoring of the Cad System in E. coli process through monitoring some of the key variables involved in this process, such as enzymes, lysine, and cadaverine. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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