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Characterizing datasets for social visual question answering, and the new TinySocial dataset

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chen, Zhanwen Li, Shiyao Rashedi, Roxanne Zi, Xiaoman Zi, Xiaoman Elrod-Erickson, Morgan Hollis, Bryan Maliakal, Angela Shen, Xinyu Zhao, Simeng Kunda, Maithilee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Department of English Creative Writing Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States

Modern social intelligence includes the ability to watch videos and answer questions about social and theory-of-mind-related content, e.g., for a scene in Harry Potter, "Is the father really upset about the boys flying the car?" Social visual question answering (social VQA) is emerging as a valuable methodology for studying social reasoning in both humans (e.g., children with autism) and AI agents. However, this problem space spans enormous variations in both videos and questions. We discuss methods for creating and characterizing social VQA datasets, including 1) crowdsourcing versus in-house authoring, including sample comparisons of two new datasets that we created (TinySocial-Crowd and TinySocial-InHouse) and the previously existing Social-IQ dataset;2) a new rubric for characterizing the difficulty and content of a given video;and 3) a new rubric for characterizing question types. We close by describing how having well-characterized social VQA datasets will enhance the explainability of AI agents and can also inform assessments and educational interventions for people. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Data-driven Nucleus Subclassification on Colon H&E using Style-transferred Digital Pathology

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Remedios, Lucas W. Bao, Shunxing Remedios, Samuel W. Lee, Ho Hin Cai, Leon Y. Li, Thomas Deng, Ruining Newlin, Nancy R. Saunders, Adam M. Cui, Can Li, Jia Liu, Qi Lau, Ken S. Roland, Joseph T. Washington, Mary K. Coburn, Lori A. Wilson, Keith T. Huo, Yuankai Landman, Bennett A. Vanderbilt University Department of Computer Science Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nashville United States Johns Hopkins University Department of Computer Science Baltimore United States National Institutes of Health Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Bethesda United States Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Biostatistics Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Center for Quantitative Sciences Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Epithelial Biology Center Nashville United States Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Vanderbilt Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer Nashville United States Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Program in Cancer Biology Nashville United States Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology NashvilleTN United States

Purpose: Cells are building blocks for human physiology;consequently, understanding the way cells communicate, co-locate, and interrelate is essential to furthering our understanding of how the body functions in both health and disease. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) is the standard stain used in histological analysis of tissues. Microscope slides of H&E-stained tissues are widely available in both clinical and research settings. While H&E is ubiquitous and reveals tissue microanatomy, the classification and tracking of cell subtypes often requires expert knowledge and the use of specialized stains, such as immunofluorescence staining. To reduce both the manual annotation burden and reliance on specialized staining technologies, artificial intelligence has been proposed for the automatic classification of cell types on H&E slides. For example, the recent Colon Nucleus Identification and Classification (CoNIC) Challenge focused on labeling 6 cell types on imaging of H&E stains from the human colon. However, this is a very small fraction of the number of potential cell subtypes within the intestines. Specifically, the CoNIC Challenge was unable to classify epithelial subtypes (progenitor, enteroendocrine, goblet), lymphocyte subtypes (B, helper T, cytotoxic T), and connective subtypes (fibroblasts). To approach this problem, we propose to use inter-modality learning to label previously un-labelable cell types on H&E. Approach: We take advantage of the cell classification information inherent in whole slide images (WSIs) of multiplexed immunofluorescence (MxIF) histology to create cell level annotations for 14 subclasses. We performed style transfer on the same MxIF tissues to synthesize realistic virtual H&E which we paired with the MxIF-derived cell subclassification labels. We evaluated the efficacy of using a supervised learning scheme where the input was realistic-quality virtual H&E and the labels were MxIF-derived cell subclasses. We assessed our model on a testing

关键词： Tissue

Enhanced Superconducting Qubit Performance Through Ammonium Fluoride Etch

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kopas, Cameron J. Goronzy, Dominic P. Pham, Thang Torres Castanedo, Carlos G. Cheng, Matthew Cochrane, Rory Nast, Patrick Lachman, Ella Zhelev, Nikolay Z. Vallières, André Murthy, Akshay A. Oh, Jin-Su Zhou, Lin Kramer, Matthew J. Cansizoglu, Hilal Bedzyk, Michael J. Dravid, Vinayak P. Romanenko, Alexander Grassellino, Anna Mutus, Josh Y. Hersam, Mark C. Yadavalli, Kameshwar Rigetti Computing BerkeleyCA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Center for Applied Physics and Superconducting Technologies Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Physics University of Oregon EugeneOR United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL United States Ames Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy AmesIA United States Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States

The performance of superconducting qubits is often limited by dissipation and two-level systems (TLS) losses. The dominant sources of these losses are believed to originate from amorphous materials and defects at interfaces and surfaces, likely as a result of fabrication processes or ambient exposure. Here, we explore a novel wet chemical surface treatment at the Josephson junction-substrate and the substrate-air interfaces by replacing a buffered oxide etch (BOE) cleaning process with one that uses hydrofluoric acid followed by aqueous ammonium fluoride. We show that the ammonium fluoride etch process results in a statistically significant improvement in median T1 by ∼ 22% (p = 0.002), and a reduction in the number of strongly-coupled TLS in the tunable frequency range. Microwave resonator measurements on samples treated with the ammonium fluoride etch prior to niobium deposition also show ∼ 33% lower TLS-induced loss tangent compared to the BOE treated samples. As the chemical treatment primarily modifies the Josephson junction-substrate interface and substrate-air interface, we perform targeted chemical and structural characterizations to examine materials’ differences at these interfaces and identify multiple microscopic changes that could contribute to decreased TLS. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Fluorine compounds

Electrostatic Properties and Ions Elimination Effect of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Adhesive Tape Manufacturing

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Electrostatic Properties and Ions Elimination Effect of Poly...

International electrical engineering Congress (iEECON)

作者： Tatsanee Jenbanphue Komsan Hongesombut Kulsawasd Jitkajornwanich Siwapon Srisonphan Graduate program in safety engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Department of Computer Science King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9781728130767

ISBN: (纸本)9781728130774

Electrostatic discharges (ESD) can release large amounts of energy to products and humans, causing product failure and pain, respectively. In this research, we elucidate the electrostatic charge generation, and discharge phenomena in real polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based electrical tape factory, which is primarily operated by the roll to roll manufacturing process. We perform the electrostatic potential measurement to identify the critical process of charge generation and to eliminate static charge at the source in order to prevent incidents caused by electrostatic discharge to operators or staff in the winding process. We also perform a numerical simulation-based finite element method (FEM) that provides modeling of an induced electric field, allowing the electrostatic discharge. The maximum potential is ~20 kV measured at 25 mm, indicating that the meter was induced by the electric field approximately ~0.8 MV/m, corresponding to surface charges density is ~ 10 μC/m 2 . Therefore, we introduced the ionization emitter bar in this case because it is feasible to install to the current infrastructure of the tested factory. The ionization emitter appears to reduce the electrostatic charge deposited on the PVC surface ~ 30% of the original charges. Therefore, installing a charge-dissipation technology at a proper location or combining with other methods, the electrostatic charge generation can be minimized even in roll to roll process.

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Nucleus subtype classification using inter-modality learning

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Remedios, Lucas W. Bao, Shunxing Remedios, Samuel W. Lee, Ho Hin Cai, Leon Y. Li, Thomas Deng, Ruining Cui, Can Li, Jia Liu, Qi Lau, Ken S. Roland, Joseph T. Washington, Mary K. Coburn, Lori A. Wilson, Keith T. Huo, Yuankai Landman, Bennett A. Vanderbilt University Department of Computer Science Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nashville United States Johns Hopkins University Department of Computer Science Baltimore United States National Institutes of Health Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Bethesda United States Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Biostatistics Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Center for Quantitative Sciences Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Epithelial Biology Center Nashville United States Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Vanderbilt Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer Nashville United States Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Program in Cancer Biology Nashville United States Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology NashvilleTN United States

Understanding the way cells communicate, co-locate, and interrelate is essential to understanding human physiology. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is ubiquitously available both for clinical studies and research. The Colon Nucleus Identification and Classification (CoNIC) Challenge has recently innovated on robust artificial intelligence labeling of six cell types on H&E stains of the colon. However, this is a very small fraction of the number of potential cell classification types. Specifically, the CoNIC Challenge is unable to classify epithelial subtypes (progenitor, endocrine, goblet), lymphocyte subtypes (B, helper T, cytotoxic T), or connective subtypes (fibroblasts, stromal). In this paper, we propose to use inter-modality learning to label previously un-labelable cell types on virtual H&E. We leveraged multiplexed immunofluorescence (MxIF) histology imaging to identify 14 subclasses of cell types. We performed style transfer to synthesize virtual H&E from MxIF and transferred the higher density labels from MxIF to these virtual H&E images. We then evaluated the efficacy of learning in this approach. We identified helper T and progenitor nuclei with positive predictive values of 0.34 ± 0.15 (prevalence 0.03 ± 0.01) and 0.47 ± 0.1 (prevalence 0.07 ± 0.02) respectively on virtual H&E. This approach represents a promising step towards automating annotation in digital pathology. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Cell culture

Ramsey Envelope Modulation in NV Diamond Magnetometry

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Oon, Jner Tzern Tang, Jiashen Hart, Connor A. Olsson, Kevin S. Turner, Matthew J. Schloss, Jennifer M. Walsworth, Ronald L. Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA02421 United States

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin ensembles in diamond provide an advanced magnetic sensing platform, with applications in both the physical and life sciences. The development of isotopically engineered 15NV diamond offers advantages over naturally occurring 14NV for magnetometry, due to its simpler hyperfine structure. However, for sensing modalities requiring a bias magnetic field not aligned with the sensing NV axis, the absence of a quadrupole moment in the 15N nuclear spin leads to pronounced envelope modulation effects in time-dependent measurements of 15NV spin evolution. While such behavior in spin echo experiments are well studied, analogous effects in Ramsey measurements and the implications for magnetometry remain under-explored. Here, we derive the modulated 15NV Ramsey response to a misaligned bias field, using a simple vector description of the effective magnetic field on the nuclear spin. The predicted modulation properties are then compared to experimental results, revealing significant magnetic sensitivity loss if unaddressed. We demonstrate that double-quantum coherences of the NV S = 1 electronic spin states dramatically suppress these envelope modulations, while additionally proving resilient to other parasitic effects such as strain heterogeneity and temperature shifts. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Spin dynamics

Automatic Identification System for Ships Data as a Proxy for Marine Vessel Related Stressors

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SSRN

SSRN 2022年

作者： O’Hara, Patrick D. Serra-Sogas, Norma McWhinnie, Lauren Pearce, Kim Le Baron, Nicole O’Hagan, Gregory Nesdoly, Andrea Marques, Tunai Canessa, Rosaline Canadian Wildlife Service Environment and Climate Change Canada Institute of Ocean Sciences SidneyBC Canada CORAL Group Department of Geography University of Victoria VictoriaBC Canada Fisheries and Oceans Canada Institute of Ocean Sciences SidneyBC Canada Institute of Life and Earth Sciences Heriot-Watt University United Kingdom National Aerial Surveillance Program Transport Canada VancouverBC Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria VictoriaBC Canada

An increasing number of marine conservation initiatives rely on data from Automatic Identification System (AIS) to inform marine vessel traffic associated impact assessments and mitigation policy. However, a considerable proportion of vessel traffic is not captured by AIS in many regions of the world. Here we introduce two complementary techniques for collecting traffic data in the Canadian Salish Sea that rely on optical imagery. Vessel data pulled from imagery captured using a shore-based autonomous camera system ("Photobot") were used for temporal analyses, and data from imagery collected by the National Aerial Surveillance program (NASP) were used for spatial analyses. The photobot imagery captured vessel passages through Boundary Pass every minute (Jan - Dec 2017), and NASP data collection occurred opportunistically across most of the Canadian Salish Sea (2017-2018). Based on photobot imagery data, we found that up to 72% of total vessel passages through Boundary Pass were not broadcasting AIS, and in some vessel categories this proportion was much higher (i.e., 96%). We fit negative binomial General Linearized Models to our photobot data and found a strong seasonal variation in non-AIS, and a weekend/weekday component that also varied by season (interaction term p © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

Magneto-optics in a van der Waals magnet tuned by self-hybridized polaritons

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dirnberger, Florian Quan, Jiamin Bushati, Rezlind Diederich, Geoffrey Florian, Matthias Klein, Julian Mosina, Kseniia Sofer, Zdenek Xu, Xiaodong Kamra, Akashdeep García-Vidal, Francisco J. Alù, Andrea Menon, Vinod M. Department of Physics City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics The Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Photonics Initiative CUNY Advanced Science Research Center New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of the City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technickaá 5 Prague 6166 28 Czech Republic Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE- 28049 Spain

Controlling quantum materials with light is of fundamental and technological importance. By utilizing the strong coupling of light and matter in optical cavities [1–3], recent studies were able to modify some of their most defining features [4–6]. In this work, we study the magneto-optical properties of a van der Waals magnet that supports strong coupling of photons and excitons even in the absence of external cavity mirrors. In this material – the layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr – emergent light-matter hybrids called polaritons are shown to significantly increase the spectral bandwidth of correlations between the magnetic, electronic, and optical properties, enabling largely tunable optical responses to applied magnetic fields and magnons. Our results highlight the importance of exciton-photon self-hybridization in van der Waals magnets and motivate novel directions for the manipulation of quantum material properties by strong light-matter coupling. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

Feasibility study of Information Technology Investment (a case study of ODOO ERP: Project Management Module Implementation in Indonesia Based Company) 10

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Feasibility study of Information Technology Investment (a ca...

10th International Conference on ICT for Smart Society, ICISS 2019

作者： Jingga, Fredy Kosala, Raymond Supangkat, Suhono Harso Ranti, Benny School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bandung Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728148809

IT Governance are one of the needs in managing Enterprise Level IT. This study shows part of the decision domain of IT Governance Help, which are IT Investment and Prioritization. The purpose of this study is to determine feasibility of implementation open source ERP system Odoo project management module that replaces current system based on operational, economic, and technical aspects. The method used are Fit/Gap Analysis and Cost Benefit model using economic impact worksheet. The analysis is done by comparing the requirement with features owned by current system and Odoo ERP system. This research resulted that Odoo ERP System is feasible in the 3 aspects, the operational feasibility Odoo reaching 72% Fit, the economic feasibility with ROI of 84%, and technical feasibility indicating the technical requirement can be fulfilled by leasing AWS server. The conclusion is the open source ERP system Odoo project management module is feasible to be applied in terms of 3 aspects that have been studied, those are operational, economic, and technical. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Cost benefit analysis