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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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A multidisciplinary course sequence for first-year engineering students

A multidisciplinary course sequence for first-year engineeri...

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2002 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Vive L'ingenieur

作者： Brockman, Jay B. Fuja, Thomas E. Batill, Stephen M. University of Notre Dame Department of Computer Science University of Notre Dame Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Educational Program College of Engineering University of Notre Dame

The University of Notre Dame has developed a new first year engineering program, and central to that program is a two-course sequence entitled "Introduction to engineering Systems." These courses use a sequence of team-based, multidisciplinary projects to introduce students to the engineering profession and to assist them in developing fundamental problem-solving skills common to all engineering disciplines. This paper describes how these new courses were developed and outlines the learning objectives for the courses. It includes details on the implementation of the courses and the four projects that are central to these two courses. The paper details the ongoing assessment activities and the progress toward achieving the various desired outcomes set-forth for the courses.

关键词： Students

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Performance of a space-time block coded OFDM system

Performance of a space-time block coded OFDM system

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The Thirty-Sixth Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and computers

作者： Yue, Jiang Gibson, Jerry D. Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering Southern Methodist University Dallas TX 75275 United States Media Arts Technology Program Electrical and Computer Engineering Univ. of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106-6065 United States

Combined with antenna diversity, space-time coding is an attractive candidate for high-rate transmission systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In this paper, we propose space-time block coded OFDM systems that use training symbols coded by STBC. We use two training symbols at the beginning of each of two OFDM frames that are simultaneously transmitted from two corresponding transmit antennas. Based on the orthogonality of space-time block codes, we perform channel estimation by using training symbols, and compare to EM-based channel estimation methods. From the simulation results, we observe that our space-time block coding technique offers a good approach to channel estimation and better signal quality than the EM-based method.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Adaptation of current signals with floating-gate circuits

Adaptation of current signals with floating-gate circuits

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作者： Pesavento, Alberto Horiuchi, Timothy Diorio, Chris Koch, Christof Department of Electrical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-2350 United States Computation and Neural Systems Program California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 United States

In this paper we present a new, adaptive spatial-derivative circuit for CMOS image sensors. The circuit removes its offset as a natural part of its operation using a combination of electron tunneling and hot-electron injection to add or remove charge on a floating-gate of an auto-zeroing amplifier. We designed, fabricated and successfully tested a chip with the circuit. Test results show that the circuit reduces the offsets by more than an order of magnitude.

关键词： Image sensors

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Guest editors' introduction: Biocomputation

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Computing in Science and engineering 2002年第1期4卷 18-18页

作者： Kumar, Srikanta Sastry, Shankar Biocomputation Program DARPA's Information Technology Office United States 3701 N. Fairfax Dr. Arlington VA 22203 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley CA United States 231 Cory Hall Dept. of Electrical Eng. and Computer Sciences Univ. of California Berkeley CA 947201-770 United States

The juxtaposition of computation and biology opens up a new world of science and technology. Richard Feynman characterizes the young and fast-developing world of computer science as follows: "[it] is like engineering-it is all about getting something to do something."1 Viewed from this perspective, the scope of research and development at this intersection is a vast, two-way street that computer science has to offer to biological science and biotechnology and vice versa. Computational thinking helps characterize, predict, and influence the dynamics of biological processes from molecular to cellular to organ in a way that revolutionizes our understanding of health and drug design. In turn, understanding the architecture and principles of natural biological processes and organization might require new models of computation, which could lead to robustness in the design of large-scale software and hardware systems, a hitherto elusive goal.

关键词： Biology computing DNA Biological system modeling computer science Biological processes Drugs Computational modeling Genetics Genomics Bioinformatics

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Automated excavation in construction using robotics trajectory and envelop generation

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engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 2002年第4期9卷 325-335页

作者： Mrad, Fuad Asem ABDUL-MALAK, M. Sadek, Salah Khudr, Ziad Electrical and Computer Engineering Department American University of Beirut Beirut 1107-2020 Riad El Solh Lebanon Engineering Management Program American University of Beirut Beirut 1107-2020 Riad El Solh Lebanon Civil and Environmental Engineering Department American University of Beirut Beirut 1107-2020 Riad El Solh Lebanon

Robotic industrial applications are very well established in the manufacturing industry, while they are relatively in their infancy phase in the construction sector. The need for automation in construction is clear especially in repetitive tasks. The excavation process, which is generally critical in most construction projects, is a prime example of such tasks. This paper addresses automation assistance in excavation. The work utilized the robotics approach towards the automation of a typical excavator model, whose structure closely resembled that of an industrial manipulator. A simulation package using Matlab was developed using several embedded design and analysis tools. Emulation was also carried out on the RHINO educational robot to confirm the simulation results. The constructed simulation package offered an integrated environment for trajectory design and analysis for an excavator while addressing the constraints related to the excavator structure, safety and stability, and mode of application. © 2002, MCB UP Limited

关键词： Automation Constraints Construction Excavation Simulation

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Characterization of ultrasonic backscatter based on generalized entropy

Characterization of ultrasonic backscatter based on generali...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： R. Smolikova M.P. Wachowiak G.D. Tourassi A. Elmaghraby J.M. Zurada Computer Science and Engineering Program University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Computer Science and Engineering Program Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

This paper presents a novel approach to ultrasound backscatter characterization based on generalized entropy. This approach makes no assumptions about the specific scattering distribution. Low order Renyi and Tsallis entropies have a higher dynamic range than Shannon entropy over a range of scattering conditions, and are therefore useful in estimating scatterer density and regularity. A neural network estimator is constructed to illustrate the validity of this approach.

关键词： Backscatter Entropy Rayleigh scattering Speckle Density measurement Ultrasonic imaging Dynamic range Scattering parameters computer science Biomedical engineering

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A supervised learning approach to landmark-based elastic biomedical image registration and interpolation

A supervised learning approach to landmark-based elastic bio...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： M.P. Wachowiak R. Smolikova J.M. Zurada A.S. Elmaghraby Computer Science and Engineering Program University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

Biomedical image registration often requires local elastic matching after initial global alignment. Due to their universal approximation property, neural networks may be used for landmark-based elastic registration. A supervised learning approach using backpropagation, Bayesian regularization, Gauss-sigmoid networks, and radial basis function networks is presented for 2D elastic registration.

关键词： Supervised learning Biomedical imaging Interpolation Backpropagation Gaussian processes computer science Biomedical engineering Bayesian methods Radial basis function networks Polynomials

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Passive and active glass waveguide devices utilizing silicon overlay grating

Passive and active glass waveguide devices utilizing silicon...

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Integrated Photonics Research, IPR 2002

作者： Kim, Jaeyoun Winick, Kim A. Florea, Catalin Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan 1301 heal Avenue Ann ArborMI48109 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan 1301 heal Avenue Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Bragg gratings fabricated on top of ion exchanged glass waveguides using PECVD-deposited silicon overlays are reported. The resulting Bragg gratings are characterized and transmission dips at 1536 nm in excess of 18 d... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527229

关键词： Bragg gratings

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Automated algorithm to delineate Z-bands in electron microscopic images of the human skeletal muscle

Automated algorithm to delineate Z-bands in electron microsc...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, ISBI 2002

作者： Guo, Yu Sun, Ying Manfredi, Thomas G. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rhode Island 4 East Alumni Avenue KingstonRI02881 United States Exercise Science Program University of Rhode Island 4 East Alumni Avenue KingstonRI02881 United States

ISBN: (纸本)078037584X

The effects of exercise, nutrition, and aging on the development of human skeletal muscles can be observed from the morphological changes of the Z-band under the electron microscope. Quantification of the Z-band damage has provided useful information to exercise physiology research but is usually a labor-intensive process. In this study, an automated image-processing algorithm has been developed to delineate the Z-band with a given start point. The algorithm detects the borders of the Z-band in an incremental fashion along the long axis. At each step of the iteration local border points are detected along radial directions and the centerline is extended toward both ends of the Z-band. The process iterates itself until a stopping criterion is met. The algorithm has been coded in C++ and used in our laboratory for exercise science research. The software has significantly reduced the processing time and provided reliable high-quality data for the study of Z-band damage. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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