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Ionic liquid-trimetallic electrocatalytic system for C–O bond cleavage in lignin model compounds and lignin under ambient conditions

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Nano research 2024年第4期17卷 2420-2428页

作者： Guangyong Liu Yumiao Lu JunFeng Lu Yanlei Wang Shijing Liang Hongyan He Lilong Jiang National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Longzihu New Energy Laboratory Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial TechnologyZhengzhou 450000China

Electrocatalytic depolymerization of lignin into value-added chemicals offers a promising technique to make biorefining ***,we report a robust trimetallic PdNiBi electrocatalyst for reductive C–O bond cleavage of different lignin model dimers and oxidized lignin under mild *** reduction reaction proceeds with complete substrate conversion and excellent yields toward monomers of phenols(80%–99%)and acetophenones(75%–96%)in the presence of an ionic liquid electrolyte with operational *** experimental investigations together with density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that the outstanding performance of the catalyst results from the synergistic effect of the metal elements,which facilitates the easier formation of a key Cαradical intermediate and the facile desorption of the as-formed products at the *** results open up new opportunities for lignin valorization through the green electrocatalytic approach.

关键词： electrocatalytic depolymerization lignin Ionic liquids density functional theory(DFT)calculation

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A review of microwave-metal discharge interaction:Mechanism,regulation,and application for synthesis of nanomaterials

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Nano research 2024年第10期17卷 9225-9254页

作者： Yixuan Xie Ruiqian Shi Benwei Fu Chengyi Song Wen Shang Peng Tao Tao Deng State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Engineering Research Center of Special Equipment and Power System for Ship and Marine Engineering Shanghai 200030China

Placing metals within microwave ovens has been generally viewed as a dangerous practice because of occurrence of violent discharge,but in recent years such discharge phenomenon has attracted increasing attention and has enabled a variety of exciting *** this work,we provide a comprehensive review of fundamental understanding of microwave-metal discharge interaction and its state-of-the-art application for nanomaterials *** introduce the microscopic interaction between different categories of materials and the electric and magnetic field of *** microwave-metal interaction,we highlight its size-dependence and point out the influence of the oxide layer on the surface of *** discuss the required conditions for occurrence of discharge,microscopic formation mechanism,and characteristic features of microwave-metal discharge *** analyzing the influence from the microwave input,discharging metals,and surrounding discharging media,we discuss the strategy for systematical regulation of the discharge *** describe the applications of the microwave-metal discharge for facile synthesis of various functional nanomaterials including core-shell carbon/metal,metal oxides,metal chalcogenides,intermetallic compounds,metallic nanoparticles and metallic compounds,and organic ***,the challenges in precise characterization and dynamic regulation of the discharge process as well as exciting application opportunities are discussed.

关键词： microwave-metal interaction discharge microwave heating skin depth nanomaterial synthesis

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Cleaner production of ammonium paratungstate by membrane electrolysis-precipitation of sodium tungstate solution

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Tungsten 2023年第1期5卷 145-159页

作者： Afolabi Uthmon Olayiwola Hao Du Shao-Na Wang Biao Liu Ye-Qing Lv Bo Pan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal ResourcesInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The production of ammonium paratungstate(APT) is riddled with the generation of wastewater,which causes environmental *** solve the problem of wastewater generation at source,a membrane electrolysis-NH3·H2O precipitation method,which prevents wastewater generation and recycles the reagents used in the process,was proposed and investigated in this *** electrolysis process was investigated based on parameters such as initial cathodic and anodic NaOH concentrations,and current *** results showed that an increase in current density and initial cathodic NaOH concentration and a decrease in the initial anodic NaOH concentration would enhance the separation of tungsten and *** optimum condition was found at a current density of 666 A·m^(-2),initial anodic and cathodic NaOH concentrations of 69 g·L^(-1) and 40 g·L^(-1),with a current efficiency of 75.40%,and energy consumption for producing 1 ton of NaOH was 2184 kW·*** precipitation process was investigated based on the acidic high W/Na molar ratio solution obtained by the electrolysis process with NH3·H2O as the *** such as excessive coefficient,temperature,and W/Na molar ratio were *** result showed that the variation of excessive coefficient and solution temperature had an opposite effect on the purity of the APT,while an increase in the W/Na molar ratio would increase the product *** precipitation product obtained had a purity of 99.6% and was characterized using X-ray diffraction,inductively coupled plasma,and scanning electron *** methods proposed in this study could provide fundamental information for the design of a cleaner APT production process.

关键词： Membrane electrolysis Ammonium paratungstate Separation of sodium and tungsten ions Ion states of tungsten Cleaner production

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Multi-level coarse-grained discrete element method modeling of cylinder particle flow in a rotating drum

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 218-238页

作者： Lei Xu Xiukai Wu Shuai Wang Shiyi Bao Institute of Process Equipment and Control Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Engineering Research Center of Process Equipment and Remanufacturing Ministry of EducationZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The coarse-grained discrete element method(DEM)is probably a feasible option for simulating an actual drum-type biomass boiler,which contains over 10 million cylinder particles.A multi-level study was conducted based on particle and coarse-grained level data to evaluate the adequacy of the coarse-grained approach in terms of geometrical characteristics,kinematic features,and dynamic *** scaling laws for contact parameters were used and compared during the *** results show that the coarse-grained approach can accurately predict the positions of the free surface and active-passive interface,the mixing index,and the orientation *** in the velocity fields may occur due to the worse flowability of coarse-grained particles near the free *** efficiency is significantly improved by the coarse-grained model compared with the corresponding original case(the same DEM code without a coarse-grained model was used for the original simulations).

关键词： Coarse-grained method Discrete element method(DEM) Cylinder particle Rotating drum Granular flow

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Dual-mode temperature monitoring using high-performance flexible thermocouple sensors based on PEDOT:PSS/CNTs and MXene/Bi_(2)Se_(3)

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2025年第1期11卷 477-491页

作者： Baichuan Sun Gaobin Xu Zhaohui Yang Cunhe Guan Xu Ji Shirong Chen Xing Chen Yuanming Ma Jianguo Feng Micro Electromechanical System Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Anhui Province School of MicroelectronicsHefei University of TechnologyHefeiAnhui 230009People’s Republic of China

Due to the limited thermoelectric(TE)performance of polymer materials and the inherent rigidity of inorganic materials,developing low-cost,highly flexible,and high-performance materials for flexible thermocouple sensors(FTCSs)remains ***,dual-mode(contact/non-contact)temperature monitoring in FTCSs is *** study addresses these issues by using p-type(PEDOT:PSS/CNTs,2:1)and n-type(MXene/Bi_(2)Se_(3),2:1)TE materials applied via screen printing and compression onto a PPSN substrate(paper/PDMS/Si_(3)N_(4)).The resulting FTCSs exhibit excellent TE properties:electrical conductivities of 61,197.88 S/m(n-type)and 55,697.77 S/m(p-type),Seebeck coefficients of 39.88μV/K and-29.45μV/K,and power factors(PFs)of 97.66μW/mK^(2)and 55.64μW/mK^(2),*** contact mode,the sensor shows high-temperature sensitivity(S_(T)=379.5μV/℃),a broad detection range(20-200℃),high resolution(~0.3℃),and fast response(~12.6 ms).In non-contact mode,it maintains good sensitivity(S_(Tmax)=52.67μV/℃),a broad detection range,high resolution(~0.8℃),and even faster response(~9.8 ms).The sensor also demonstrates strong mechanical durability,maintaining stable performance after 1000 bending *** applied to dual-mode temperature monitoring in wearable devices and lithium batteries,the FTCS shows high accuracy and reliability compared to commercial K-type thermocouples,indicating significant potential for advanced medical monitoring systems and smart home technologies.

关键词： ppsn subs flexible thermocouple sensors dual mode temperature monitoring high performance materials flexible thermocouple sensors ftcss remains screen printing polymer materials inorganic materialsdeveloping

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Recovery and reuse of floc sludge for high-performance capacitors

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2022年第6期16卷 133-144页

作者： Di Zhang Rong Hou Wenbo Wang He Zhao Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In this paper,floc sludge was transformed into porous carbon matrix composites by acidification and KOH activation at high temperature and used as an electrode material for application in *** effects of different treatment processes on the electrochemical properties of sludge materials were *** results of electrochemical tests showed that the sludge electrode exhibited excellent energy storage performance after HNO3 acidification and KOH activation with a mass ratio of 3:1(KOH/C).The specific capacitance of the sludge electrode reached 287 F/g at a current density of 1 A/*** addition,the sludge electrode material showed excellent cycle stability(specific capacity retained at 93.4%after 5000 cycles at 5 A/g).Based on XRD,FTIR,SEM,TEM,and BET surface analysis,the morphology of sludge electrode materials can be effectively regulated by chemical *** best-performing material showed a 3D porous morphology with a large specific surface area(2588 m^(2)/g)and optimal pore size distribution,improving ion channels and charge *** to the life cycle assessment of floc sludge utilization,it reduced the resource consumption and toxicity risk by more than 90%compared with ordinary sludge disposal *** work provided a cost-effective and eco-friendly sludge reuse method and demonstrated the application potential of sludge-based materials in high-performance supercapacitors.

关键词： Floc sludge Porous carbon electrode Energy storage performance Supercapacitors

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Scalable Motion Estimation and Temporal Context Reinforcement for Video Compression Using RGB Sensors

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 18323-18333页

作者： Huang, Qian Lu, Hao Liu, Wenting Wang, Yiming Hohai University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Nanjing211100 China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Digital Twinning Technology for Key Equipment in Petrochemical Process Changzhou213164 China

We propose a novel deep learned video compression technique, named scalable motion estimation (SME), which is designed for video data generated by sensor systems in smart devices. These devices face unique challenges due to limited bandwidth, constrained computational resources, and the complexity of real-world scenarios. Existing learned video compression methods primarily rely on optical flow for motion estimation;however, optical flow often suffers from inaccuracies and displacement errors, resulting in imprecise motion vectors, and the increasing complexity of models further limits their deployment in resource-constrained environments. To address these issues, the SME framework introduces a hierarchical motion vector enhancement strategy that progressively optimizes motion information in video captured by sensors. In addition, we propose the temporal context reinforcement (TCR) module, which partitions high-dimensional contextual information into three components. Compared to direct context encoding methods, the TCR module optimizes bit allocation, achieving a more balanced distribution of high- and low-frequency information. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the SME framework substantially enhances the efficiency and performance of video compression systems on RGB sensor-captured videos, making it particularly suitable for video applications. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optical flows

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Probabilistic-Ellipsoid Hybrid Reliability Multi-Material Topology Optimization Method Based on Stress Constraint

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 757-792页

作者： Zibin Mao Qinghai Zhao Liang Zhang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China National Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Electrical Vehicle Power System Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China

This paper proposes a multi-material topology optimization method based on the hybrid reliability of the probability-ellipsoid model with stress constraint for the stochastic uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty of mechanical loads in optimization *** probabilistic model is combined with the ellipsoidal model to describe the uncertainty of mechanical *** topology optimization formula is combined with the ordered solid isotropic material with penalization(ordered-SIMP)multi-material interpolation *** stresses of all elements are integrated into a global stress measurement that approximates the maximum stress using the normalized p-norm ***,the sequential optimization and reliability assessment(SORA)is applied to transform the original uncertainty optimization problem into an equivalent deterministic topology optimization(DTO)*** response surface and sparse grid technique are combined with SORA to get accurate information on the most probable failure point(MPP).In each cycle,the equivalent topology optimization formula is updated according to the MPP information obtained in the previous *** adjoint variable method is used for deriving the sensitivity of the stress constraint and the moving asymptote method(MMA)is used to update design ***,the validity and feasibility of the method are verified by the numerical example of L-shape beam design,T-shape structure design,steering knuckle,and 3D T-shaped beam.

关键词： Stress constraint probabilistic-ellipsoid hybrid topology optimization reliability analysis multi-material design

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Biomimetic two-stage micro@nanomotor with weak acid-triggered release of nanomotors

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Nano research 2025年第4期18卷 247-254页

作者： Liang Gui Jiameng Feng Haodong Guo Xiaoyu Li Junjie Zou Xin Du Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology School of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitutional Center for Shared Technologies and FacilitiesInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academic of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academic of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Bionic micro/nanomotor systems,which combine biomimetic design with the motion performance,have shown great potential in many ***,so far,it remains a challenge to design and fabricate biomimetic micro/nanomotors with high flexibility to perform complex tasks in complicated and changeable *** this work,inspired by the suckerfishes(guest)-shark(host)motion behavior,we designed and prepared a kind of intelligent two-stage micro@nanomotor with weak acid-triggered release of *** the suckerfishes,who clinged to the surface of large fish or the bottom of boat and marched with them,reached bait-rich waters,they detached from the host to engage in foraging *** by the suckerfishes-shark system and the coordinated bond interaction,a large amount of Janus Au-Pt nanomotors with hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))-driven capacity,analogous to suckerfishes,were attached onto immovable yolk-shell structured polydopamine-mesoporous silica(PDA-MS)micromotor as the host to create two-stage PDA-MS@Au-Pt micro@***-MS@Au-Pt micro@nanomotor moved directionally by self-thermophoresis under the propulsion of near infrared ray(NIR)light with low power *** the PDA-MS@Au-Pt entered into the weak acidic environment formed by a low concentration of H_(2)O_(2),most small Au-Pt nanomotors were detached from the surface of PDA-MS due to the weak acidic sensitivity of the coordinated bond,and then performed self-diffusiophoresis in the environment containing a low concentration of H_(2)O_(2) as a chemical *** bionic intelligent system,which consists of a large-sized micromotor and lots of small-sized nanomotors,should provide a new insight for active two-stage cargo delivery.

关键词： micro/nanomotor bionic design acid-triggered release H_(2)O_(2)propulsion near infrared ray(NIR)light propulsion

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Photothermal Gas Sensing Using a Nanofiber Fabry-Pérot Cavity

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 19176-19182页

作者： Shi, Zhiwei Yao, Chenyu Zhao, Xian Shandong University Center for Optics Research and Engineering Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System of Ministry of Education Qingdao266237 China

We present a method to facilitate photothermal gas sensing by tapering an optical fiber to the nanoscale and then fusion-splicing two fiber Bragg gratings with the nanofiber to form a Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavity. This F-P cavity allows for high-resolution interferometric measurement of photothermal-induced phase variations while reducing the sensor footprint with its compact, in-line design. We used a 2-cm-long, 800-nm-diameter nanofiber to detect CH4 gas, achieving a noise equivalent concentration of 1.58 ppm. The normalized noise equivalent coefficient (NNEA) was 2.1×10-8 cm-1·W·Hz-1/2. Compared to hollow core fibers, the nanofiber's evanescent wave was directly exposed to the target gas, showing rapid gas exchange and a faster response time. Moreover, a strong photothermal signal was observed in the experiments owing to the high confinement of the evanescent field and the significant temperature coefficient of the fiber glass, exhibiting nearly 20-fold enhancement over hollow core fiber. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Nanofibers

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