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Frontiers of Artificial Intelligent and Quantitative Management: Preface for ITQM 2024

Procedia Computer Science 2024年 242卷 1-8页

作者： Filip, Florin Gheorghe Shi, Yong Pocatilu, Paul Ciurea, Cristian-Eugen Li, Jianping Tien, James M. Berg, Daniel Romanian Academy Information Science and Technology Section Bucharest Romania Research Centre on Fictitious Economy and Data Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Lab of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China College of Information Science and Technology University of Nebraska at Omaha OmahaNE68182 United States Bucharest University of Economic Studies Bucharest Romania College of Engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFL33124 United States

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A Client Selection Method Based on Loss Function Optimization for Federated Learning

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2023年第10期137卷 1047-1064页

作者： Yan Zeng Siyuan Teng Tian Xiang Jilin Zhang Yuankai Mu Yongjian Ren Jian Wan School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China Key Laboratory of Complex System Modeling and Simulation Ministry of EducationHangzhou310018China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Data Security Governance Hangzhou310018China Intelligent Robotics Research Center Zhejiang LabHangzhou311100China HDU-ITMO Joint Institute Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China

Federated learning is a distributedmachine learningmethod that can solve the increasingly serious problemof data islands and user data privacy,as it allows training data to be kept locally and not shared with other *** trains a globalmodel by aggregating locally-computedmodels of clients rather than their ***,the divergence of local models caused by data heterogeneity of different clients may lead to slow convergence of the global *** this problem,we focus on the client selection with federated learning,which can affect the convergence performance of the global model with the selected local *** propose FedChoice,a client selection method based on loss function optimization,to select appropriate local models to improve the convergence of the global *** firstly sets selected probability for clients with the value of loss function,and the client with high loss will be set higher selected probability,which can make them more likely to participate in ***,it introduces a local control vector and a global control vector to predict the local gradient direction and global gradient direction,respectively,and calculates the gradient correction vector to correct the gradient direction to reduce the cumulative deviationof the local gradient causedby *** experiments to verify the validity of FedChoice on CIFAR-10,CINIC-10,MNIST,EMNITS,and FEMNIST datasets,and the results show that the convergence of FedChoice is significantly improved,compared with FedAvg,FedProx,and FedNova.

关键词： Federated learning model aggregation Non-IID

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Research on Individual Recognition and Prediction of Cocaine Addiction Based on Convolutional Neural Networks 3

Research on Individual Recognition and Prediction of Cocaine...

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3rd International Conference on Electronic InformationTechnology and Smart Agriculture, ICEITSA 2023

作者： Xiao, Hongbo Xiao, Jianhua Zhang, Lebing Tang, Bo Cao, Zhuyou Luo, Tianwang School of Computer Science and Engineering Huaihua University Hunan Huaihua China Key Lab. of Wuling-Mt. Hlth. Big Data Intelligent Proc. and Applic. in Hunan Province Universities Key Lab. of Intelligent Contr. Technol. for Wuling-Mountain Ecological Agriculture in Hunan Province Hunan Huaihua418000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716775

In response to the current difficulty in identifying and predicting cocaine addicted individuals based on brain MRI images, this paper designs a deep learning recognition and prediction model based on convolutional neural networks. 29 cocaine addicted individuals and 24 healthy controls were selected from brain MRI images. After per-forming a series of data preprocessing operations such as skull dissection and data augmentation on brain MRI images, a deep learning model based on convolutional neural networks is constructed to process the processed brain MRI images of cocaine addicted individuals and healthy controls to identify and predict cocaine addicted individuals. The experimental results show that the recognition and prediction accuracy of deep learning models based on convolutional neural networks is 89%. Compared with machine learning models such as SVM and support vector machines, it greatly improves the accuracy of model prediction and can accurately, quickly, and effectively identify and predict cocaine addicted individuals. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Forecasting

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Stealthy Backdoor Attack Towards Federated Automatic Speaker Verification

Stealthy Backdoor Attack Towards Federated Automatic Speaker...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Longling Zhang Lyqi Liu Dan Meng Jun Wang Shengshan Hu School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security OPPO Research Institute China

Automatic speech verification (ASV) authenticates individuals based on distinct vocal patterns, playing a pivotal role in many applications such as voice-based unlocking systems for devices. The ASV system comprises three stages: training, registration, and validation. The model refines using voice data in training, extracts vocal features in registration, and contrasts these with speech patterns in validation. Modern ASV models, primarily grounded in DNN architectures, require extensive data for training. Federated learning (FL) fosters model-sharing across multiple clients while ensuring data privacy. Due to its open architecture, FL is vulnerable to backdoor attacks. However, training a stealthy backdoor attack in FL presents challenges, including diminished attack generalization owing to data heterogeneity, and conspicuous triggers that render them easily detectable. In this paper, we propose a Federated Stealthy Backdoor Attack method ($FedSBA$). FedSBA aims to improve the attack model’s generalization, enhance its persistence, and elude anomaly detection under the heterogeneous data distribution. FedSBA constructs an attack model based on a personalized transformer and encompasses a stealthy trigger. Moreover, we also propose a defensive strategy that utilizes an adaptive weight aggregation scheme. The stealthiness and effectiveness of FedSBA are demonstrated by exhibiting superior performance in comparison to previous works.

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An Ensemble of CapsNet and KSVM Using Feature Fusion: Application to COVID-19 Detection 3

An Ensemble of CapsNet and KSVM Using Feature Fusion: Applic...

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3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, PRML 2022

作者： Aggrey, Esther Stacy E. B. Zhen, Qin Kodjiku, Seth Larweh Aidoo, Evans Fiasam, Linda Delali Mensah, Acheampong Edward University of Electronic Science & Technology of China School of Information & Software Engineering Chengdu China University of Electronic Science & Technology of China School of Information & Software Engineering Network and Data Security Key Lab of Sichuan Province Chengdu China Zhejiang Gongshang University School of Computer & Information Engineering Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781665499507

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499507

COVID-19 virus is a major worldwide pandemic that is growing at a fast pace throughout the world. The usual approach for diagnosing COVID-19 is the use of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based nucleic acid test. However, RT-PCR has lower sensitivity in the early phases of COVID-19 detection. Recent studies have indicated that X-ray images may be useful throughout the early detection of the virus. Human screening has been shown to be cost-effective, susceptible to mistakes, and time-demanding, which has sparked an interest in using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to automate the process. CNNs, on the other hand, fail to view the exact placement of features as advantageous in medical imaging. Furthermore, for successful training and prediction, CNNs need a huge quantity of datasets. CNNs are rapidly reducing picture resolution, resulting in worsening accuracy in classification. We used newly created capsule networks (CapsNets) in our study to circumvent these disadvantages. The primary contribution is to improve the identification of SARS-CoV-2 with images obtained from X-ray by coupling capsule network with a kernel support vector machine (KSVM). The technique was evaluated using a publicly available dataset, and the proposed model shows that the accuracy of the CapsNet-KSVM based model is improved by 94.6% accuracy, 95% sensitivity, and 98% specificity, which outperforms the traditional CNN and other existing ensemble models. The proposed CapsNet-KSVM based system can be employed to identify the presence of COVID-19 in the human body using X-ray images. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Attention Synchronous Based Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks for Traffic Flow Prediction 3

Attention Synchronous Based Spatial-Temporal Graph Convoluti...

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3rd International Conference on Electronic InformationTechnology and Smart Agriculture, ICEITSA 2023

作者： Cao, Zhuyou Luo, Tianwang Xiao, Jianhua Xiao, Hongbo Qing, Xinyi School of Computer Science and Engineering Huaihua University Hunan China Key Lab. of Wuling-Mt. Hlth. Big Data Intelligent Proc. and Applic. in Hunan Province Universities Key Lab. of Intelligent Contr. Technol. for Wuling-Mountain Ecological Agriculture in Hunan Province Huai-hua Hunan418000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716775

This study introduces AS-STGCN, a novel traffic flow prediction model that incorporates an attention mechanism and a synchronized spatio-temporal graph convolutional network. In the field of traffic prediction, deep learning models (e.g., STGCN) have outperformed traditional methods, especially in capturing temporal and spatial correlations. AS-STGCN introduces a spatio-temporal attention mechanism and simultaneous convolution, which improves the prediction accuracy and demonstrates a unique capability in capturing dynamic spatio-temporal patterns in urban traffic networks. This research is of great significance in advancing the field of traffic flow prediction and providing a more comprehensive and accurate method for predicting urban traffic dynamics. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Convolution

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NC-ALG: Graph-Based Active Learning under Noisy Crowd 40

NC-ALG: Graph-Based Active Learning under Noisy Crowd

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40th IEEE International Conference on data engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Zhang, Wentao Wang, Yexin You, Zhenbang Li, Yang Cao, Gang Yang, Zhi Cui, Bin Center for Machine Learning Research Peking University China Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies Peking University China Institute of Advanced Algorithms Research Shanghai China Institute of Computational Social Science Peking University Qingdao China National Engineering Labratory for Big Data Analytics and Applications China TEG Tencent Inc. Department of Data Platform China Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in various data mining tasks but they heavily rely on a large number of annotated nodes, requiring considerable human efforts. Despite the effectiveness of existing GNN-based Active Learning (AL) methods, they assume that the annotated labels are always correct, which is contradictory to the error-prone labeling process in a practical crowdsourcing environment. Besides, due to this impractical assumption, existing works only focus on optimizing the node selection in AL but neglect optimizing the labeling process. Therefore, we present NC-ALG, the first GNN-based AL framework that optimizes both the node selection and node labeling process under a noisy crowd. For node selection, NC-ALG introduces a new measurement to model influence reliability and an effective influence maximization objective to select nodes. For node labeling, NC-ALG significantly reduces the labeling cost by considering the model-predicted labels and the labels of mirror nodes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to consider GNN-based AL under the practical noisy crowd. Empirical studies on public datasets demonstrate that NC-ALG significantly outperforms existing methods in terms labeling efficiency. Notably, it only takes NC-ALG one-third of the labeling budget that the competitive baseline GRAIN needs to achieve an accuracy of 70.7 % on PubMed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Crowdsourcing

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High-precision FMCW ranging with a hybrid-integrated external cavity laser

High-precision FMCW ranging with a hybrid-integrated externa...

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2023 Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference, OECC 2023

作者： Liu, Chuxin Xu, Ruiyang Xu, Weihan Lu, Liangjun Guo, Yuyao Li, Yu Chen, Jianping Zhou, Linjie Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Key Lab of Navigation and Location Services Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai China SJTU-Pinghu Institute of Intelligent Optoelectronics Pinghu China Shanghai314200 China

We implement an analog EO-PLL for a III/V-Si3N4 hybrid integrated ECL to generate a highly-linear FMCW signal over multiple wavelengths. A high range precision of 4.2 cm is achieved for a 200-m distance. © 2023 I... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462136

关键词： Continuous wave lasers

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Research on optimization of emergency rescue plan based on risk measurement 3

Research on optimization of emergency rescue plan based on r...

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2023 3rd International Conference on Big data, Artificial Intelligence and Risk Management, ICBAR 2023

作者： Bu, Fanbiao Chen, Xuhao Lv, Ying Xu, Hengrui Overall Demonstration Center Qian Xuesen Institute of Military Systems Engineering Beijing100024 China Key Lab. of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport Ministry of Transport Institute of Transportation System Science and Engineering School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing100044 China Shijiazhuang Land and Space Planning and Design Institute Co. Ltd. Hebei Shijiazhuang050019 China Data Center Agricultural Bank of China Limited Beijing100024 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716478

In order to reduce the impact of emergencies, this paper takes emergencies in complex geological environment as the background to study the optimization problem of emergency rescue routes. We measure the casualty consequences caused by the delay of rescue time based on conditional value at risk, and adopt multiple modes of transportation to coordinate rescue. A bi-objective optimization model is established with the total risk and total cost as the objectives, then the constraint method is applied to transform the model into a single objective optimization model for solution. Finally, an example is designed to analyze the relationship between the total risk and the total cost, and the rescue path scheme under the condition that the demand information is determined. The results indicate that the established model can provide a reference basis for emergency rescue of emergencies in the process of major Transportation engineering construction. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Optimization

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DarkSAM: fooling segment anything model to segment nothing 24

DarkSAM: fooling segment anything model to segment nothing

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Ziqi Zhou Yufei Song Minghui Li Shengshan Hu Xianlong Wang Leo Yu Zhang Dezhong Yao Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System and Services Computing Technology and System Lab and Cluster and Grid Computing Lab and School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System and Services Computing Technology and System Lab and Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security and Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security and School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently gained much attention for its outstanding generalization to unseen data and tasks. Despite its promising prospect, the vulnerabilities of SAM, especially to universal adversarial perturbation (UAP) have not been thoroughly investigated yet. In this paper, we propose DarkSAM, the first prompt-free universal attack framework against SAM, including a semantic decoupling-based spatial attack and a texture distortion-based frequency attack. We first divide the output of SAM into foreground and background. Then, we design a shadow target strategy to obtain the semantic blueprint of the image as the attack target. DarkSAM is dedicated to fooling SAM by extracting and destroying crucial object features from images in both spatial and frequency domains. In the spatial domain, we disrupt the semantics of both the foreground and background in the image to confuse SAM. In the frequency domain, we further enhance the attack effectiveness by distorting the high-frequency components (i.e., texture information) of the image. Consequently, with a single UAP, DarkSAM renders SAM incapable of segmenting objects across diverse images with varying prompts. Experimental results on four datasets for SAM and its two variant models demonstrate the powerful attack capability and transferability of DarkSAM. Our codes are available at: https://***/CGCL-codes/DarkSAM.

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