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Energy cost and greenhouse gas emissions of a Chinese wind farm

Procedia Environmental Sciences 2011年 5卷 25-28页

作者： Q. Yang G.Q. Chen Y.H. Zhao B. Chen Z. Li B. Zhang Z.M. Chen H. Chen State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China China Hua Dian Corporation Beijing 100035 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Wind power is considered as one of the most promising renewable energy sources in China. Presented in this study is a life cycle analysis of energy performance and greenhouse gas emission for a typical wind farm in Guangxi, with different stages of manufacturing, transportation, and installation of mechanical components, operation and maintenance, and disassemble and disposal taken into account. Results show that the nonrenewable energy cost and greenhouse gas emission to generate 1 MJ of electricity for the grid are 0.046 MJ and 0.002 kg CO2 equivalent, respectively. In consideration of the dominant power generation technology of coal combustion in China, the nonrenewable energy saving brought about by the concerned wind farm is estimated at 1.22E+7GJ during its twenty year operating period, while the reduced greenhouse gas emissions are as much as 1.03E+06 ton CO2 equivalent. It is believed that this successful example can lend solid support to a future wide use of wind power in China.

关键词： Embodied energy analysis Greenhouse gas emission Wind farm China

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Energy cost and greenhouse gas emissions of a Chinese solar tower power plant

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Procedia Environmental Sciences 2011年 5卷 77-80页

作者： Q. Yang G.Q. Chen Y.H. Zhao B. Chen Z. Li Z.F. Wang State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China China Hua Dian Corporation Beijing 100035 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic System of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Electrical Engineering P.O. Box 2703 Beijing 100190 China

It is commonly assumed that the application of solar power system can save energy and relief global climate change. Presented in this study is the account of energy performance and greenhouse gas emissions of a planned solar tower power plant in China based on the life cycle analysis method. The conservative estimation of energy cost for the concerned plant is 1.21 times of the electricity output, which is a relatively decent performance amongst power generation technologies. In order to analyze the greenhouse gas performance, a comparison is carried out between the solar tower power plant and conventional coal-fired power plant in China. Results show the application of this solar system obtains a net greenhouse gas emission reduction of 0.31E+06 ton CO2 equivalent, during its operating period of twenty years. It is believed that this successful example can lend solid support to a future wide use of solar power in China.

关键词： Solar tower power plant Electricity generation Energy analysis Greenhouse gas emission

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Integrated water resource security evaluation of Beijing based on GRA and TOPSIS

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中国高等学校学术文摘·地球科学 2010年第3期4卷 357-362页

作者： Jing DAI Jing QI Jingjing CHI Shaoqing CHEN Jin YANG Liping JU Bin CHEN State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Security evaluation has become a hot topic in the research field of water resource management. In this paper, we established a novel water resource security indicator system based on the Pressure-Status-Response (PSR) framework using gray relation analysis (GRA) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). A case study of Beijing from 1996 to 2007 was conducted to verify the evaluation system. Results showed that the gray relative closeness degrees of water resource security to the positive ideal solution were low, with the least one of 0.360 in 1999 and the largest one of 0.527 in 2007, implying that Beijing was facing severer challenges with water resources during the concerned time. Also, the analysis of water resource security indicated that the pressure of water resource was constantly increasing. Finally, factor analysis was employed to calculate the gray relation degrees of evaluating indices with the ideal solutions so as to reveal the relativity of water resource security of Beijing, which may contribute to a better understanding of the urban water resource management and regulation.

关键词： water resource security grey relation analysis (GRA) technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) factor analysis

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Visualization of signalized intersections in driving simulator and validity of driving behaviors in virtual environments

Advances in Transportation Studies

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Advances in Transportation Studies 2011年第26期 17-28页

作者： Yan, X. Abdel-Aty, M. Guo, D. Radwan, E. MOE Key Laboratory for Transportation Complex Systems Theory and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816-2450 United States Computer Science Program College of Business Florida Gulf Coast University 10501 FGCU Boulevard South Fort Myers FL 33965-6565 United States Center for Advanced Transportation Systems Simulation University of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816-2450 United States

Visualization of highway traffic environments in virtual reality plays a key role on fidelity of simulation and validity of driving behaviors in driving simulator studies. This paper describes a procedure to replicate a signalized intersection with many complex features into a driving simulator's 3-D databases through building a graphical visual database, constructing a road motion database, and creating simulated traffic. The validity of the visualization was assessed via the comparison of the drivers' speeds in the simulator and the speed data at the real intersection. It was found that both speed data follow normal distributions and have equal means for each intersection approach;however, that the speeds measured in the driving simulator have a larger variability than those measured in the field. The users' subjective evaluation results indicated that 92% subjects could recognize the simulated intersection in the driving simulator experiment. Therefore, the strategy of geo-specific environment modeling would be useful for studying driving behaviors in virtual environments.

关键词： Visualization

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Research on information capability based high-performance information sharing in the simulation grid

Research on information capability based high-performance in...

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2010 International Conference on Computer modeling and simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Zhang, Ying-Chao Zhang, Jing Chen, Xin Yu, Qin-Zhang Zhang, Hao Beijing Institute of System Engineering National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

For the purpose of achieving high-performance information sharing in the simulation grid, an information capability-based Three Phase High-performance Information Sharing Approach (TPHPISA for short) is advanced. The main idea of TPHPISA is selecting those information sources with highest information capability and executing the best query plan. To illustrate how TPHPISA works, an application example of implementing high-performance information sharing in the stock market simulation grid is thoroughly analyzed. At last, the searching efficiency and accuracy of TPHPISA are demonstrated through comparing with other similar method. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Information analysis

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modeling and simulation of international politics evolution in crisis

Modeling and simulation of international politics evolution ...

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2010 International Conference on Computer modeling and simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Yu, Qin-Zhang Zhang, Jing Zhang, Ying-Chao Beijing Institute of System Engineering National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

Under the guidance of the theories of complex Adaptive System and Artificial Societies, modeling and simulation of international politics evolution in crisis was studied. The Model of International Politics Evolution (IPEM) in crisis based on Agent was built. The function and architecture of IPEM were introduced. Individual Agent , including Nation Agent, International Organization Agent and Environment Agent, was described in detail. A simulation experiment was executed to prove the effectiveness of the method proposed in the paper. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive systems

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Research on multi-agent based C4ISR effectiveness simulation and evaluation

Research on multi-agent based C4ISR effectiveness simulation...

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2010 International Conference on Computer modeling and simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Zhang, Ying-Chao Feng, Ye Yu, Qin-Zhang Xin, Chen Beijing Institute of System Engineering National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

The effectiveness evaluation of C4ISR is playing a more and more important role in its designing, developing and using. According to its characters, such as complexity and intelligence, the traditional evaluation methods and systems are not feasible and effective enough. In this paper, a multiagent based simulation and evaluation framework of C4ISR is advanced, which includes the architecture and the working procedure. The agent-based simulation model of C4ISR is put forward, according to which the C2 Agent, Armament Agent and the Evaluation Agent are founded. The interaction model between each agent is also designed. At final, based on the Swarm, a multi-agent based C4ISR effectiveness simulation and evaluation prototype is developed, through which NATO C2 effectiveness evaluation is thoroughly analyzed. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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A rapid reentry trajectory planning method for CAV

A rapid reentry trajectory planning method for CAV

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3rd International Symposium on systems and Control in Aeronautics and Astronautics, ISSCAA2010

作者： Zhao, Zhiqiang Hu, Zhengdong National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation-II Beijing 100012 China National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424460441

A rapid reentry trajectory planning method for a common aero vehicle (CAV) subject to all path constraints is developed. The reentry trajectory is divided into initial descent phase and quasi-equilibrium glide phase which possesses a majority of the reentry period. An improved quasi-equilibrium glide condition is utilized to convert reentry corridor constraints to the control variable constraints and get a simple relation between the range-to-go and velocity. Accordingly the longitudinal reference trajectory is computed through the one-parameter search of bank angle model and the corresponding tracking law is designed using linear quadratic regulator theory. To enhance the maneuvering capability, a geometrical control approach considering no-fly zone constraints is applied to the lateral guidance. Finally, the performance of this method is verified by computer simulation. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Maneuverability

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Evaluation of the changed properties of aquatic animals after dam construction using ecological network analysis

Evaluation of the changed properties of aquatic animals afte...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental Modelling and Software Society: Modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Chen, Shaoqing Liao, Xueqin Yang, Jin Chen, Bin State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

Dam construction results in variations of hydrology, river morphology and habitat and the biota associated with the reservoir change significantly compared to the assemblage before dam construction in order to match these changed environmental conditions. Some attempts so far have been made to ascertain the changed properties of aquatilia due to dam construction. Most of them, however, were focused on perturbances to single factors, such as rearing habitats, reproduction and migration routes, etc. Few have been done on the performance of aquatilia from the whole-ecosystem perspective. Herein, we evaluate the structural properties of aquatic animals and their complex ecological relationships within the ecosystem before and after dam construction based on ecological network analysis. In light of the results, we provide useful suggestions for the conservation of the aquatic animals and their habitats, and propose feasible methods for the application of ecological network analysis to river ecosystem subjected to human disturbance.

关键词： Dams

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Integrated water resource security evaluation of Beijing based on grey relation analysis and TOPSIS

Integrated water resource security evaluation of Beijing bas...

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5th Biennial Conference of the International Environmental Modelling and Software Society: Modelling for Environment's Sake, iEMSs 2010

作者： Dai, Jing Chi, Jingjing Chen, Bin Ju, Liping State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357411

Security evaluation has become a hot topic in the research field of water resource management. In this paper, we established a novel water resource security indicator system based on the Pressure-Status-Response (PSR) framework using grey relation analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). A case study of Beijing from 1996 to 2007 was conducted to verify the evaluation system. Results showed that the grey relative closeness degrees of water resource security to the positive ideal solution were low, with the least one of 0.360 in 1999 and largest one of 0.527 in 2007, implying that Beijing was facing severer challenges with water resources during the concerned time. Also, the analysis of water resource security indicated that the pressure of water resource was constantly increasing. Finally, factor analysis was employed to calculate the grey relation degrees of evaluating indices with the ideal solutions so as to reveal the relativity of water resource security of Beijing, which may contribute to a better understanding of the urban water resource management and regulation.

关键词： Factor analysis

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