In traditional crowdsourcing, workers are expected to provide independent answers to tasks so as to ensure the diversity of answers. However, recent studies show that the crowd is not a collection of independent worke...
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In traditional crowdsourcing, workers are expected to provide independent answers to tasks so as to ensure the diversity of answers. However, recent studies show that the crowd is not a collection of independent workers, but instead that workers communicate and collaborate with each other. To pursue more rewards with little effort, some workers may collude to provide repeated answers, which will damage the quality of the aggregated results. Nonetheless, there are few efforts considering the negative impact of collusion on result inference in crowdsourcing. In this paper, we are specially concerned with the Collusion-Proof result inference problem for general crowdsourcing tasks in public platforms. To that end, we design a metric, the worker performance change rate, to identify the colluded answers by computing the difference of the mean worker performance before and after removing the repeated answers. Then we incorporate the collusion detection result into existing result inference methods to guarantee the quality of the aggregated results even with the occurrence of collusion behaviors. With real-world and synthetic datasets, we conducted an extensive set of evaluations of our approach. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach in comparison with the state-of-the-art methods.
The primary screening for pulmonary tuberculosis mainly relies on X-ray imaging all over the world. In recent years, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis has rebounded. This paper proposes a convolutional neural ne...
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The primary screening for pulmonary tuberculosis mainly relies on X-ray imaging all over the world. In recent years, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis has rebounded. This paper proposes a convolutional neural networks(CNN) based model on the tuberculosis detection of chest X-ray images, which is used for the automatic screening of pulmonary tuberculosis. Compared with the conventional CNN, this model can be used to detect the details of images and the areas of the disease quickly and accurately. There is an improvement in the learning speed and accuracy rate of our method, so it can better complete the work of anomaly detection and it can provide more effective auxiliary decision information for the practitioners.
Glaucoma is a chronic neuro-degenerative condition that is one of the world's leading causes of irreversible but preventable blindness. The blindness is generally caused by the lack of timely detection and treatme...
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Glaucoma is a chronic neuro-degenerative condition that is one of the world's leading causes of irreversible but preventable blindness. The blindness is generally caused by the lack of timely detection and treatment. Early screening is thus essential for early treatment to preserve vision and maintain life quality. Color fundus photography and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) are the two most cost-effective tools for glaucoma screening. Both imaging modalities have prominent biomarkers to indicate glaucoma suspects, such as the vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR) on fundus images and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness on OCT volume. In clinical practice, it is often recommended to take both of the screenings for a more accurate and reliable diagnosis. However, although numerous algorithms are proposed based on fundus images or OCT volumes for the automated glaucoma detection, there are few methods that leverage both of the modalities to achieve the target. To fulfill the research gap, we set up the Glaucoma grAding from Multi-Modality imAges (GAMMA) Challenge to encourage the development of fundus & OCT-based glaucoma grading. The primary task of the challenge is to grade glaucoma from both the 2D fundus images and 3D OCT scanning volumes. As part of GAMMA, we have publicly released a glaucoma annotated dataset with both 2D fundus color photography and 3D OCT volumes, which is the first multi-modality dataset for machine learning based glaucoma grading. In addition, an evaluation framework is also established to evaluate the performance of the submitted methods. During the challenge, 1272 results were submitted, and finally, ten best performing teams were selected for the final stage. We analyze their results and summarize their methods in the paper. Since all the teams submitted their source code in the challenge, we conducted a detailed ablation study to verify the effectiveness of the particular modules proposed. Finally, we identify the proposed techniqu
Nowadays, the social network becomes an indispensable part of people's daily life, meanwhile offers an unprecedentedly convenient access for purposive individuals to influence the opinions of network users. Curren...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781728198293
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728198309
Nowadays, the social network becomes an indispensable part of people's daily life, meanwhile offers an unprecedentedly convenient access for purposive individuals to influence the opinions of network users. Current studies present a subtle persuasion approach that finds a number of key users meanwhile varies their susceptibility extent to impact the public opinion. Such persuasion is significantly critical for public security, as it could facilitate both the spreading and dispelling of malicious rumors. However, the major body of these studies enclose impractical assumptions, such that persuaders have an unlimited budget, or the costs of varying different users' susceptibilities are the same, thus rendering these works unsuitable for realistic scenarios. Therefore, this work originally proposes a more practical and generalized problem of persuasion, where varying the susceptibilities of different users holds different costs. The analysis of its non-convexity, non-submodularity and complexity shows that solving the proposed problem is nontrivial, thus inspiring us to provide an intuitive greedy algorithm. Furthermore, we design an accelerated algorithm based on the community property, which reduces the time consumption more than one order of magnitude. The acceleration is based on the intuition that the impact of a user within a proper community could be a good estimation of the impact in the whole network, while the computation of the former one is much more efficient. The relationship between two algorithms is fully analyzed, which shows the community-based algorithm can degenerate to the intuitive greedy algorithm under a specific setting. Finally, comprehensive evaluations on real-world datasets show the superiority of proposed algorithms on both effectiveness and efficiency.
Dictionary learning (DL) is powerful for representation learning, while it fails to capture the deep hierarchical information hidden in data. In this paper, we propose a new generalized end-to-end mulita-layer represe...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781728183169
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728183176
Dictionary learning (DL) is powerful for representation learning, while it fails to capture the deep hierarchical information hidden in data. In this paper, we propose a new generalized end-to-end mulita-layer representation learning architecture referred to as Multi-layer Dictionary Pair Learning Network (MDPL-net) for the deep sparse and hierarchical representation of images. To enable MDPL-net to conduct accurate classification, MDPL-net clearly integrates the skip connection end-to-end network and multi-layer deep sparse dictionary learning into a unified architecture. The representation learning module has several hidden DL blocks, where each hidden DL block has a dictionary pair learning (DPL) layer, a batch-norm layer and an activation function layer, and the DL blocks are connected in a feed-forward manner. To further improve the information flow and maintain the privileged features between different DL blocks, a novel skip dense connectivity pattern is deployed between hidden DL blocks, which can obtain more stable and discriminative features. The DPL layer jointly formulates the discriminative synthesis dictionary and analysis dictionary by minimizing reconstruction error within each batch over the feature maps from front layers. Extensive results on benchmark databases demonstrate the effectiveness of MDPL-net for discriminative representation and robust image classification.
The deep learning methods for various disease prediction tasks have become very effective and even surpass human experts. However, the lack of interpretability and medical expertise limits its clinical application. Th...
The most probable transition paths of a stochastic dynamical system are the global minimizers of the Onsager–Machlup action functional and can be described by a necessary but not sufficient condition, the Euler–Lagr...
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Multispectral pan-sharpening aims at producing a high resolution (HR) multispectral (MS) image in both spatial and spectral domains by fusing a panchromatic (PAN) image and a corresponding MS image. In this paper, we ...
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Anomaly detection on attributed networks attracts considerable research interests due to wide applications of attributed networks in modeling a wide range of complex systems. Recently, the deep learning-based anomaly ...
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In this work, we propose a novel generative approach named Robust Bidirectional Generative Network (RBGN) based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) for Generalized Zero-shot Learning (GZSL). RBGN empl...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781728113319
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728113326
In this work, we propose a novel generative approach named Robust Bidirectional Generative Network (RBGN) based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) for Generalized Zero-shot Learning (GZSL). RBGN employs the adversarial attack to train a more rigorous discriminator, thus enhancing the generalizability and robustness of the feature generator under minimax strategy. Moreover, RBGN decodes the generated visual features back to their semantic representations to further improve the representational ability of generated visual features and alleviate the hubness problem. The experimental results of GZSL on four datasets, i.e. CUB, SUN, AWA1, AWA2, demonstrate that our model achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches and owns better generalizability to the unseen classes over conventional generative GZSL models. Further robustness analysis also validates the strong robustness of our model to the different types of semantic disturbance.
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