Background: The predictive value of retinal vessel caliber, measured through artificial intelligence (AI), for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains to be explored. Our study aimed to investigate the asso...
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Background: The predictive value of retinal vessel caliber, measured through artificial intelligence (AI), for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains to be explored. Our study aimed to investigate the association between AI-measured retinal vessel caliber and the risk of incident CVD in a Chinese community-based population. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on subjects from a Beijing community in China who were free of prevalent stroke or myocardial infarction and underwent retinal photography at baseline. By deep-learning algorithm, retinal vessel caliber measurements, including central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE), and arteriolar-to-venular ratio (AVR), were obtained from 0.5 to 1 disc diameter from the optic disc margin. The primary endpoint was an incident major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), defined as a composite of first non-fatal stroke, first non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and cardiovascular death. The secondary endpoints included first stroke, first AMI, and cardiovascular death. Findings: A total of 3,585 participants were included. The mean age was 56.49 ± 8.94 years, and 2335 (65.1%) were female. Prevalence of prior hypertension and diabetes was 1594 (44.5%) and 676 (18.9%), respectively. The mean values for CRAE, CRVE, and AVR were 190.83 ± 29.92 μm, 278.26 ± 36.34 μm, and 0.69 ± 0.08, respectively. During the follow-up (median, 7.53 years), there were 293 cases of incident MACE (8.2%), 226 strokes (6.3%), 57 AMIs (1.6%), and 44 cardiovascular deaths (1.2%). The Kaplan–Meier curves showed significant differences in cumulative hazards of the primary endpoint among tertiles of CRAE, CRVE, and AVR. In Cox proportional-hazards models adjusting for covariates, CRAE was negatively associated with the risk of incident MACE (per 10 μm increase, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-0.99, P = 0.009) and the risk of incident stroke (per 10 μm
Multiple-choice question (MCQ) benchmarks are widely used for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs), yet their reliability is undermined by benchmark contamination. In this study, we reframe contamination as an inhe...
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Hybrid analog and digital beamforming (HBF) is a cost-efficient technique to achieve high data rates in millimeterwave (mmWave) communication systems. This paper applies the emerging graph neural networks (GNNs) to HB...
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The Go language (Go/Golang) has been attracting increasing attention from the industry over recent years due to its strong concurrency support and ease of deployment. This programming language encourages developers to...
The Go language (Go/Golang) has been attracting increasing attention from the industry over recent years due to its strong concurrency support and ease of deployment. This programming language encourages developers to use channel-based concurrency, which simplifies the development of concurrent programs. Unfortunately, it also introduces new concurrency problems that differ from those caused by the mechanism of shared memory concurrency. However, there are only few works that aim to detect such Go-specific concurrency issues. Even state-of-the-art testing tools will miss critical concurrent bugs that require fine-grained and effective interleaving exploration. This paper presents GoPie, a novel testing approach for detecting Go concurrency bugs through primitive-constrained interleaving exploration. GoPie utilizes execution histories to identify new interleavings instead of relying on exhaustive exploration or random scheduling. To evaluate its performance, we applied GoPie to existing benchmarks and large-scale open-source projects. Results show that GoPie can effectively explore concurrent interleavings and detect significantly more bugs in the benchmark. Furthermore, it uncovered 11 unique previously unknown concurrent bugs, and 9 of which have been confirmed.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women *** means of predicting the prognosis of breast cancer are very helpful in guiding treatment and improving patie...
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Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women *** means of predicting the prognosis of breast cancer are very helpful in guiding treatment and improving patients'*** extracted by radiomics reflect the genetic and molecular characteristics of a tumor and are related to its biological behavior and the patient's ***,radiomics provides a new approach to noninvasive assessment of breast cancer *** is one of the commonest clinical means of examining breast *** recent years,some results of research into ultrasound radiomics for diagnosing breast cancer,predicting lymph node status,treatment response,recurrence and survival times,and other aspects,have been *** this article,we review the current research status and technical challenges of ultrasound radiomics for predicting breast cancer *** aim to provide a reference for radiomics researchers,promote the development of ultrasound radiomics,and advance its clinical application.
Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a crucial cornerstone within the realm of brain-computer interface (BCI) applications, with its significance notably pronounced in the field of fatigue detection. However, t...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350380323
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350380330
Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a crucial cornerstone within the realm of brain-computer interface (BCI) applications, with its significance notably pronounced in the field of fatigue detection. However, the inherent limitations of EEG acquisition equipment during real driving scenarios have contributed to the constrained robustness of existing models. Moreover, most of recent methods failed to extract robust multi-domain features, leading to a suboptimal performance. To address these challenges, we propose a novel channel-augmented multi-domain graph convolutional network (CA-MDGCNet). Specifically, the initial EEG signals are enriched by incorporating supplementary virtual EEG channels, distinguished as learnable parameters within the network architecture. Then, differential entropy features are extracted from the augmented EEG signals. Following this, a multi-domain graph convolutional network is designed to encode high-level EEG features by means of convolutions in diverse paths, which is beneficial to integrating the characteristics extracted from multiple domains. Finally, the classification block derives the detection outcome from the refined feature maps. To substantiate the potency of the proposed method, the validation was conducted on the publicly accessible SEED-VIG. The proposed CA-MDGCNet not only demonstrates more promising performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches but also underscores the potential viability of our method for the realm of fatigue driving detection.
Existing works in event extraction typically extract event arguments within the sentence scope. However, besides the sentence level, events may also be naturally presented at the document level. A document-level event...
Existing works in event extraction typically extract event arguments within the sentence scope. However, besides the sentence level, events may also be naturally presented at the document level. A document-level event usually reflects, to some extent, the theme (i.e., the main content) of the document (e.g., electronic medical records and news articles), which is thus referred to as the thematic event. Thematic Event Extraction (TEE) aims to extract the arguments of thematic events. TEE faces a major challenge, i.e., the sparsity and dispersion of arguments, which means that the arguments of a thematic event are dispersed in different sentences of the document. To overcome this challenge, we propose an Event-related Sentence Detection based TEE model, called ESDTEE, which first detects the sentences related to the thematic event and then extracts the arguments only within these detected sentences using existing models. Extensive experiments with comprehensive analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of ESDTEE.
Large scale artificial intelligence (AI) models possess excellent capabilities in semantic representation and understanding, making them particularly well-suited for semantic encoding and decoding. However, the substa...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350351255
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350351262
Large scale artificial intelligence (AI) models possess excellent capabilities in semantic representation and understanding, making them particularly well-suited for semantic encoding and decoding. However, the substantial scale of these AI models imposes unacceptable computational resources and communication delays. To address this issue, we propose a semantic communication scheme based on robust knowledge distillation (RKD-SC) for large scale model enabled semantic communications. In the considered system, a transmitter extracts the features of the source image for robust transmission and accurate image classification at the receiver. To effectively utilize the superior capability of large scale model while make the cost affordable, we first transfer knowledge from a large scale model to a smaller scale model to serve as the semantic encoder. Then, to enhance the robustness of the system against channel noise, we propose a channel-aware autoencoder (CAA) based on the Transformer architecture. Experimental results show that the encoder of proposed RKD-SC system can achieve over 93.3% of the performance of a large scale model while compressing 96.67% number of parameters. Code: https://***/echojayne/RKD-SC.
Building upon the impressive success of CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining), recent pioneer works have proposed to adapt the powerful CLIP to video data, leading to efficient and effective video learners for...
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Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the stan-dard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). With the development of artificial intelligence, an increasing number of studies have begun to explore its app...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350337488
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350337495
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the stan-dard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). With the development of artificial intelligence, an increasing number of studies have begun to explore its application in cancer treatment prediction. However, the prior methods exhibit considerable variability even with slight modifications to the input data, which could potentially undermine the reliability of the results. In this paper, we proposed RP-Net, a novel multi-modal fusion-based framework that combines feature information from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whole slide images (WSI), establishing a relationship to map the therapeutic effectiveness of nCRT for LARC. We investigated the relationship of the tumour region and its periphery tissues, and demonstrated the validity of the proposed framework that involving 11 different combinations of modalities. The experimental results revealed that it has achieved higher prediction accuracy compared to the four intra-categories single-modal combinations and outperformed the two intra-categories multi-modal combinations. When compared to the other four inter-categories multi-modal combinations, the fusion features get accuracy of 2 % ~ 6% improvement respectively.
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