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Medicine-engineering interdisciplinary researches for addiction: Opportunities and challenges

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Meta-Radiology

Meta-Radiology 2023年第2期1卷

作者： Wen, Xinwen Du, Zhe Wang, Zhen Xu, Yu Wang, Kunhua Yu, Dahua Liu, Jun Yuan, Kai School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Shaanxi Xi'an 710126 China Yunnan University Yunnan Kunming 650500 China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Inner Mongolia Baotou 014010 China Department of Radiology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410011 China Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education Shaanxi Xi'an 710126 China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of Trans-Scale Life Information School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Shaanxi Xi'an 710126 China

Advances in neuroscience have suggested that addiction is not only an ongoing dynamic transaction between the person, their behavior, and the environment, but a disturbance of neurotransmitters in neurons involved in reward, memory, and cognitive control. Although the neural mechanism of addiction is complex and heterogeneous, previous addiction recovery and treatment studies have proven that addiction is amenable to treatment and recovery. At present, addiction treatment faces great challenges as well as many opportunities. The field of biomedical engineering is and will be at the forefront of these accelerating disciplines based on advances in imaging, genomics, systems medicine, molecular and cellular engineering, and other biomedical sciences. Thus, we propose several perspectives to accelerate the development of advanced and scientific approaches for addiction treatment: early prevention is better than cure and addiction treatment should focus on individualized regulation, whole-body interaction and the translation of effective animal models to human. © 2023 The Authors

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A correction method for aero-optics thermal radiation effects based on gradient distribution and dark channel

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Optoelectronics Letters 2019年第5期15卷 374-380页

作者： HONG Han-yu SHI Yu ZHANG Tian-xu LIU Zhao Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition Hubei Research Centre of Video Image and High Definition Projection School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430074 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multi-Spectral Information Processing School of Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to remove the effects of aerodynamic optical thermal radiation from a single infrared image. In this method, the joint probability model of gradient distribution is introduced by studying the "global smoothing and local fluctuation" characteristics of the bias field. A prior L0 norm of dark channel is introduced to constrain the latent clear image. Finally, the split Bregman method is used to solve the optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a series of experiments, and the results are compared with the results of the existing methods for the correction of thermal radiation effects.

关键词： aero-optics thermal radiation effects gradient distribution dark channel

Efficient spatialtemporal context modeling for action recognition?

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Cao, Congqi Lu, Yue Zhang, Yifan Jiang, Dongmei Zhang, Yanning Natl. Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab on Speech and Image Information Processing School of Computer Science Northwestern Poly-technical University Xi'an710129 China National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Contextual information plays an important role in action recognition. Local operations have difficulty to model the relation between two elements with a long-distance interval. However, directly modeling the contextual information between any two points brings huge cost in computation and memory, especially for action recognition, where there is an additional temporal dimension. Inspired from 2D criss-cross attention used in segmentation task, we propose a recurrent 3D criss-cross attention (RCCA-3D) module to model the dense long-range spatiotemporal contextual information in video for action recognition. The global context is factorized into sparse relation maps. We model the relationship between points in the same line along the direction of horizon, vertical and depth at each time, which forms a 3D criss-cross structure, and duplicate the same operation with recurrent mechanism to transmit the relation between points in a line to a plane finally to the whole spatiotemporal space. Compared with the non-local method, the proposed RCCA-3D module reduces the number of parameters and FLOPs by 25% and 30% for video context modeling. We evaluate the performance of RCCA-3D with two latest action recognition networks on three datasets and make a thorough analysis of the architecture, obtaining the optimal way to factorize and fuse the relation maps. Comparisons with other state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our model. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

Towards multimodal response generation with exemplar augmentation and curriculum optimization

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Lei, Zeyang Li, Zekang Zhang, Jinchao Meng, Fandong Feng, Yang Yang, Yujiu Niu, Cheng Zhou, Jie Tsinghua University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Pattern Recognition Center WeChat AI Tencent Inc China

Recently, variational auto-encoder (VAE) based approaches have made impressive progress on improving the diversity of generated responses. However, these methods usually suffer the cost of decreased relevance accompanied by diversity improvements (Zhang et al., 2018b). In this paper, we propose a novel multimodal1 response generation framework with exemplar augmentation and curriculum optimization to enhance relevance and diversity of generated responses. First, unlike existing VAE-based models that usually approximate a simple Gaussian posterior distribution, we present a Gaussian mixture posterior distribution (i.e, multimodal) to further boost response diversity, which helps capture complex semantics of responses. Then, to ensure that relevance does not decrease while diversity increases, we fully exploit similar examples (exemplars) retrieved from the training data into posterior distribution modeling to augment response relevance. Furthermore, to facilitate the convergence of Gaussian mixture prior and posterior distributions, we devise a curriculum optimization strategy to progressively train the model under multiple training criteria from easy to hard. Experimental results on widely used SwitchBoard and DailyDialog datasets demonstrate that our model achieves significant improvements compared to strong baselines in terms of diversity and relevance. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Curricula

Efficient Image Super-Resolution with Feature Interaction Weighted Hybrid Network

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Wenjie Li, Juncheng Gao, Guangwei Deng, Weihong Yang, Jian Qi, Guo-Jun Lin, Chia-Wen Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Laboratory School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100080 China Intelligent Visual Information Perception Laboratory Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210046 China Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Ministry of Education Shanghai200240 China Provincial Key Laboratory for Computer Information Processing Technology Soochow University Suzhou215006 China School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Research Center for Industries of the Future the School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou310024 China OPPO Research SeattleWA98101 United States Department of Electrical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Lightweight image super-resolution aims to reconstruct high-resolution images from low-resolution images using low computational costs. However, existing methods result in the loss of middle-layer features due to activation functions. To minimize the impact of intermediate feature loss on reconstruction quality, we propose a Feature Interaction Weighted Hybrid Network (FIWHN), which comprises a series of Wide-residual Distillation Interaction Block (WDIB) as the backbone. Every third WDIB forms a Feature Shuffle Weighted Group (FSWG) by applying mutual information shuffle and fusion. Moreover, to mitigate the negative effects of intermediate feature loss, we introduce Wide Residual Weighting units within WDIB. These units effectively fuse features of varying levels of detail through a Wide-residual Distillation Connection (WRDC) and a Self-Calibrating Fusion (SCF). To compensate for global feature deficiencies, we incorporate a Transformer and explore a novel architecture to combine CNN and Transformer. We show that our FIWHN achieves a favorable balance between performance and efficiency through extensive experiments on low-level and high-level tasks. Codes will be available at https://***/IVIPLab/FIWHN. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

Cross-receptive Focused Inference Network for Lightweight Image Super-Resolution

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Wenjie Li, Juncheng Gao, Guangwei Deng, Weihong Zhou, Jiantao Yang, Jian Qi, Guo-Jun The Intelligent Visual Information Perception Laboratory Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210046 China The Provincial Key Laboratory for Computer Information Processing Technology Soochow University Suzhou215006 China The School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Image and Video Understanding for Social Safety Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China The Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Laboratory School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau 999078 China The School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China The Research Center for Industries of the Future The School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou310024 China OPPO Research SeattleWA98101 United States

Recently, Transformer-based methods have shown impressive performance in single image super-resolution (SISR) tasks due to the ability of global feature extraction. However, the capabilities of Transformers that need to incorporate contextual information to extract features dynamically are neglected. To address this issue, we propose a lightweight Cross-receptive Focused Inference Network (CFIN) that consists of a cascade of CT Blocks mixed with CNN and Transformer. Specifically, in the CT block, we first propose a CNN-based Cross-Scale Information Aggregation Module (CIAM) to enable the model to better focus on potentially helpful information to improve the efficiency of the Transformer phase. Then, we design a novel Cross-receptive Field Guided Transformer (CFGT) to enable the selection of contextual information required for reconstruction by using a modulated convolutional kernel that understands the current semantic information and exploits the information interaction within different self-attention. Extensive experiments have shown that our proposed CFIN can effectively reconstruct images using contextual information, and it can strike a good balance between computational cost and model performance as an efficient model. Source codes will be available at https://***/IVIPLab/CFIN. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network for Ratio of Edge-User Estimation in Mobile Networks

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Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network for Ratio of Edge-User Es...

International Conference on pattern recognition

作者： Jiehui Deng Sheng Wan Xiang Wang Enmei Tu Xiaolin Huang Jie Yang Chen Gong PCA Lab the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR China

Estimating the Ratio of Edge-Users (REU) is an important issue in mobile networks, as it helps the subsequent adjustment of loads in different cells. However, existing approaches usually determine the REU manually, which are experience-dependent and labor-intensive, and thus the estimated REU might be imprecise. Considering the inherited graph structure of mobile networks, in this paper, we utilize a graph-based deep learning method for automatic REU estimation, where the practical cells are deemed as nodes and the load switchings among them constitute edges. Concretely, Graph Attention Network (GAT) is employed as the backbone of our method due to its impressive generalizability in dealing with networked data. Nevertheless, conventional GAT cannot make full use of the information in mobile networks, since it only incorporates node features to infer the pairwise importance and conduct graph convolutions, while the edge features that are actually critical in our problem are disregarded. To accommodate this issue, we propose an Edge-Aware Graph Attention Network (EAGAT), which is able to fuse the node features and edge features for REU estimation. Extensive experimental results on two real-world mobile network datasets demonstrate the superiority of our EAGAT approach to several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Deep learning Fuses Estimation Switches pattern recognition

CASIA-Face-Africa: A large-scale African face image database

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Muhammad, Jawad Wang, Yunlong Wang, Caiyong Zhang, Kunbo Sun, Zhenan The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Electrical and Information Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing100044 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing for Building Big Data Beijing100044 China

Face recognition is a popular and well-studied area with wide applications in our society. However, racial bias had been proven to be inherent in most State Of The Art (SOTA) face recognition systems. Many investigative studies on face recognition algorithms have reported higher false positive rates of African subjects cohorts than the other cohorts. Lack of large-scale African face image databases in public domain is one of the main restrictions in studying the racial bias problem of face recognition. To this end, we collect a face image database namely CASIA-Face-Africa which contains 38,546 images of 1,183 African subjects. Multi-spectral cameras are utilized to capture the face images under various illumination settings. Demographic attributes and facial expressions of the subjects are also carefully recorded. For landmark detection, each face image in the database is manually labeled with 68 facial keypoints. A group of evaluation protocols are constructed according to different applications, tasks, partitions and scenarios. The performances of SOTA face recognition algorithms without retraining are reported as baselines. The proposed database along with its face landmark annotations, evaluation protocols and preliminary results form a good benchmark to study the essential aspects of face biometrics for African subjects, especially face image preprocessing, face feature analysis and matching, facial expression recognition, sex/age estimation, ethnic classification, face image generation, etc. The database can be downloaded from our website* Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Face recognition

Bioimage-based protein subcellular location prediction： a comprehensive review

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2018年第1期12卷 26-39页

作者： Ying-Ying XU Li-Xiu YAO Hong-Bin SHEN Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai 200240 China

Subcellular localization of proteins can provide key hints to infer their functions and structures in cells. With the breakthrough of recent molecule imaging techniques, the usage of 2D bioimages has become increasingly popular in automatically analyzing the protein subcellular location pat- terns. Compared with the widely used protein 1D amino acid sequence data, the images of protein distribution are more intuitive and interpretable, making the images a better choice at many applications for revealing the dynamic char- acteristics of proteins, such as detecting protein translocation and quantification of proteins. In this paper, we systemati- cally reviewed the recent progresses in the field of automated image-based protein subcellular location prediction, and clas- sified them into four categories including growing of bioim- age databases, description of subcellular location distribution patterns, classification methods, and applications of the pre- diction systems. Besides, we also discussed some potential directions in this field.

关键词： bioimage informatics protein subcellular loca-tion prediction global and local features multi-location pro-tein recognition