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Nitrogen vertical distribution by canopy reflectance spectrum in winter wheat

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2014年第1期17卷

作者： W J Huang Q Y Yang D L Peng L S Huang D Y Zhang G J Yang Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei 230039 Anhui China Beijing Agriculture Information Technology Research Center Beijing 100097 China

Nitrogen is a key factor for plant photosynthesis, ecosystem productivity and leaf respiration. Under the condition of nitrogen deficiency, the crop shows the nitrogen deficiency symptoms in the bottom leaves, while excessive nitrogen will affect the upper layer leaves first. Thus, timely measurement of vertical distribution of foliage nitrogen content is critical for growth diagnosis, crop management and reducing environmental impact. This study presents a method using bi-directional reflectance difference function (BRDF) data to invert foliage nitrogen vertical distribution. We developed upper-layer nitrogen inversion index (ULNI), middle-layer nitrogen inversion index (MLNI) and bottom-layer nitrogen inversion index (BLNI) to reflect foliage nitrogen inversion at upper layer, middle layer and bottom layer, respectively. Both ULNI and MLNI were made by the value of the ratio of Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Ration Index to the second Modified Triangular Vegetation Index (MCARI/MTVI2) referred to as canopy nitrogen inversion index (CNII) in this study at ±40° and ±50°, and at ±30° and ±40° view angles, respectively. The BLNI was composed by the value of nitrogen reflectance index (NRI) at ±20° and ±30° view angles. These results suggest that it is feasible to measure foliage nitrogen vertical-layer distribution in a large scale by remote sensing.

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Optimal pricing for improving efficiency of taxi systems

Optimal pricing for improving efficiency of taxi systems

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23rd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2013

作者： Gan, Jiarui An, Bo Wang, Haizhong Sun, Xiaoming Shi, Zhongzhi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577356332

In Beijing, most taxi drivers intentionally avoid working during peak hours despite of the huge customer demand within these peak periods. This dilemma is mainly due to the fact that taxi drivers' congestion costs are not reflected in the current taxi fare structure. To resolve this problem, we propose a new pricing scheme to provide taxi drivers with extra incentives to work during peak hours. This differs from previous studies of taxi market by considering market variance over multiple periods, taxi drivers' profit-driven decisions, and their scheduling constraints regarding the interdependence among different periods. The major challenge of this research is the computational intensiveness to identify optimal strategy due to the exponentially large size of a taxi driver's strategy space and the scheduling constraints. We develop an atom schedule method to overcome these issues. It reduces the magnitude of the problem while satisfying the constraints to filter out infeasible pure strategies. Simulation results based on real data show the effectiveness of the proposed methods, which opens up a new door to improving the efficiency of taxi market in megacities (e.g., Beijing).

关键词： Traffic congestion

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A Combined Structure Optimization Method in Community Detection

A Combined Structure Optimization Method in Community Detect...

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第二届中国互联网学术年会

作者： Yuzhong Chen Xiaohui Qiu Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou 350108 China

Community Detection in social networks is usually considered as an objective optimization *** to the objective function,the global optimum cannot describe the real partition well,and it is time *** this paper,a layered optimization framework is designed to improve the optimization process,reduce the scale of network and increase the quality of *** framework consists of three parts: finding cores in networks,repairing isolated nodes and optimization in a new constructed weighted network which is a compressed network of the origin ***,the equivalency of modularity optimization in the new compressed weighted network and the original one is ***,a combined algorithm of community Detection named DBPSO including similarity-based clustering,isolated nodes repairing strategies and a modified particle swarm optimization is proposed according to the layered optimization *** addition,a suitable mutation strategy for particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced to guarantee the convergence and global search ***,the experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed algorithm by using the synthetic and real-world network *** results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively extract the intrinsic community structure of social networks.

关键词： Layered Optimization Framework Community Detection Particle Swarm Optimization Modularity

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A Distributed 2D-to-3D Video Conversion System

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China Communications 2013年第5期10卷 30-38页

作者：张哲斌张吉安张学西王亦洲高文 Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory for Video Technology and Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education) School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

2D-to-3D video conversion is a feasible way to generate 3D programs for the current 3DTV industry. However, for large-scale 3D video production, current systems are no longer adequate in terms of the time and labor required for conversion. In this paper, we introduce a distributed 2D-to-3D video conversion system that includes a 2D-to-3D video conversion module, architecture of the parallel computation on the cloud, and 3D video coding in the system. The system enables cooperation among multiple users in the simultaneous completion of their conversion tasks so that the conversion efficiency is greatly promoted. In the experiments, we evaluate the system based on criteria related to both time consumption and video coding performance.

关键词： 3D video 2D-to-3D conversion distributed system

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Bilingually-guided monolingual dependency grammar induction

Bilingually-guided monolingual dependency grammar induction

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51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, ACL 2013

作者： Liu, Kai Lü, Yajuan Jiang, Wenbin Liu, Qun Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 2704 Beijing 100190 China Centre for Next Generation Localisation Faculty of Engineering and Computing Dublin City University Ireland University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9781937284503

This paper describes a novel strategy for automatic induction of a monolingual dependency grammar under the guidance of bilingually-projected dependency. By moderately leveraging the dependency information projected from the parsed counterpart language, and simultaneously mining the underlying syntactic structure of the language considered, it effectively integrates the advantages of bilingual projection and unsupervised induction, so as to induce a monolingual grammar much better than previous models only using bilingual projection or unsupervised induction. We induced dependency grammar for five different languages under the guidance of dependency information projected from the parsed English translation, experiments show that the bilinguallyguided method achieves a significant improvement of 28.5% over the unsupervised baseline and 3.0% over the best projection baseline on average. © 2013 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Syntactics

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Classification of big velocity data via cross-domain Canonical Correlation Analysis

Classification of big velocity data via cross-domain Canonic...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data

作者： Bo Zhang Zhong-Zhi Shi The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Many classification techniques work well only under a common assumption that the training and test data are drawn from the same feature space and the same distribution. However, big velocity data usually show disobedience of this assumption. For example, in the field of web-document classification, new document is continuously emerging every day. Transfer learning aims at leveraging the knowledge in labeled source domains to predict the unlabeled data in a target domain, where the distributions are different in domains. As one of the important research directions of transfer learning, one kind of approaches focus on the correspondence between pivot features and all the other specific features from different domains, to extract some relevant features that may reduce the difference between the domains, have attracted wide attention and study. However, the limitation caused by the vague meanings in different domains prevents these algorithms from further improvement. To tackle this problem, we propose a cross-domain canonical correlation analysis algorithm called CD-CCA by applying Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) to transfer learning. CD-CCA can learn a semantic space of multi-view correspondences from different domains respectively and transfer the knowledge by dimensionality reduction in a multi-view way. Experimental results on the 144×6 classification problems in 20Newsgroups, show that CD-CCA can significantly improve the prediction accuracy.

关键词： Correlation Algorithm design and analysis Classification algorithms Feature extraction Semantics Vectors Mutual information

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Adaptive Particle Filter with Estimation Windows

Adaptive Particle Filter with Estimation Windows

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2013年中国智能自动化学术会议

作者： Peng Li Jian Tang College of Information and Technology Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information ProcessingMinistry of EducationXiangtan University

Particle filter is well suited to estimate the state of non-linear non-Gaussian dynamic systems,which comes at the cost of higher computational *** in many real time applications,it must deal with constraints imposed by limited computational *** deal with this question,we distribute the samples among the different observations arriving during a filter update, the novel algorithm represents densities over the state space by mixtures of sample *** contribution of this paper is to increasing the efficiency of particle filters by adapting the size of sample sets during the estimation *** to the relative entropy theory and particle number controller idea,we choose the number of samples,decrease computation overhead.A simulation of the classic HARD bearing only tracking problem is presented,the results show that the novel algorithm performs better than generic particle filter.

关键词： Particle filter Estimation window Relative entropy Particle number controller

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Architecture-Based Integrated Management of Cloud Resources

Architecture-Based Integrated Management of Cloud Resources

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International Conference on Cloud computing and Big Data (CloudCom-Asia)

作者： Xing Chen Ying Zhang Xiaodong Zhang Xianghan Zheng Wenzhong Guo Guolong Chen Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education)

Cloud management faces with great challenges, due to the diversity of Cloud resources and ever-changing management requirements. For constructing a management system to satisfy a specific management requirement, a redevelopment solution based on existing management system is usually more practicable than developing the system from scratch. However, the difficulty and workload of redevelopment are also very high. As the architecture-based runtime model is causally connected with the corresponding running system automatically, constructing an integrated Cloud management system based on the architecture-based runtime models of Cloud resources can benefit from the model-specific natures, and thus reduce the development workload. Therefore, in this paper, we present an architecture-based approach to managing diverse Cloud resources. First of all, the manageability (such as APIs, configuration files and scripts) of Cloud resources are abstracted as runtime models, which can automatically and immediately propagate any observable runtime changes of the target resources to the corresponding architecture models, and vice versa. Then, a customized model is constructed according to the specific Cloud management requirement. Finally, the operations on the customized model are mapped to the ones on Cloud resource runtime models through model transformation. Thus, all the management tasks can be carried out through executing operations on the customized model. The experiment on a real-world cloud demonstrates the feasibility, effectiveness and benefits of the new approach to integrated management of Cloud resources.

关键词： Runtime Servers Virtual machining Software Computer architecture Complexity theory Synchronization

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Distributed query processing in an ad-hoc semantic web data sharing system

Distributed query processing in an ad-hoc semantic web data ...

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2013 IEEE 37th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference, COMPSAC 2013

作者： Zhou, Jing Bochmann, Gregor V. Shi, Zhongzhi School of Computer Science Communication University of China Beijing China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa ON Canada Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549798

Sharing the Semantic Web data in proprietary datasets in which data is encoded in RDF triples in a decentralized environment calls for efficient support from distributed computing technologies. The highly dynamic ad-hoc settings that would be pervasive for Semantic Web data sharing among personal users in the future, however, pose even more demanding challenges for the enabling technologies. We extend previous work on a hybrid P2P architecture for an ad-hoc Semantic Web data sharing system which better models the data sharing scenario by allowing data to be maintained by its own providers and exhibits satisfactory scalability owing to the adoption of a two-level distributed index and hashing techniques. Additionally, we propose efficient distributed processing of SPARQL queries in such a context and explore optimization techniques that build upon distributed query processing for database systems and relational algebra optimization. We anticipate that our work will become an indispensable, complementary approach to making the Semantic Web a reality by delivering efficient data sharing and reusing in an ad-hoc environment. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Query processing

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Research of maneuvering target tracking based on particle filter

Research of maneuvering target tracking based on particle fi...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Xia Li Peng Li Yougui Guo Zhengbin Shen Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Information Processing Xiangtan city Hunan province China

The essence of maneuvering target tracking is mainly including maneuvering target modeling, maneuvering target detection or maneuvering target identification and filtering algorithm. In this paper, the maneuvering target model was described by the cooperative turn model, and tracked by the particle filter algorithm. The resample technique is introduced to overcome the problem of particle degradation in standard particle filter. Finally, we finished simulation experiments by Matlab, and compared the particle filter algorithm with the extended kalman filter algorithm, the results show that particle filter with the resample technique has a better performance in tracking precision, computational complexity, real-time performance and stability, it is a more effective method for maneuvering target tracking.

关键词： Target tracking Particle filters Mathematical model Filtering algorithms Noise Probability density function Computational modeling

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