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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Liu, Hongyu Cong, Runmin Li, Hua Xu, Qianqian Huang, Qingming Zhang, Wei Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Information Science and Network Technology Beijing China School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Jinan China School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan University Hainan China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Preserving details and avoiding high computational costs are the two main challenges for the High-Resolution Salient Object Detection (HRSOD) task. In this paper, we propose a two-stage HRSOD model from the perspective of evolution and succession, including an evolution stage with Low-resolution Location Model (LrLM) and a succession stage with High-resolution Refinement Model (HrRM). The evolution stage achieves detail-preserving salient objects localization on the low-resolution image through the evolution mechanisms on supervision and feature;the succession stage utilizes the shallow high-resolution features to complement and enhance the features inherited from the first stage in a lightweight manner and generate the final high-resolution saliency prediction. Besides, a new metric named Boundary-Detail-aware Mean Absolute Error (MAEBD) is designed to evaluate the ability to detect details in high-resolution scenes. Extensive experiments on five datasets demonstrate that our network achieves superior performance at real-time speed (49 FPS) compared to state-of-the-art methods. Our code is publicly available at: https://***/rmcong/ESNet_ICML24. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Miocene

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Not all diffusion model activations have been evaluated as discriminative features 24

Not all diffusion model activations have been evaluated as d...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information processing Systems

作者： Benyuan Meng Qianqian Xu Zitai Wang Xiaochun Cao Qingming Huang Institute of Information Engineering CAS and School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS and Peng Cheng Laboratory Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS School of Cyber Science and Tech. Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS and Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Diffusion models are initially designed for image generation. Recent research shows that the internal signals within their backbones, named activations, can also serve as dense features for various discriminative tasks such as semantic segmentation. Given numerous activations, selecting a small yet effective subset poses a fundamental problem. To this end, the early study of this field performs a large-scale quantitative comparison of the discriminative ability of the activations. However, we find that many potential activations have not been evaluated, such as the queries and keys used to compute attention scores. Moreover, recent advancements in diffusion architectures bring many new activations, such as those within embedded ViT modules. Both combined, activation selection remains unresolved but overlooked. To tackle this issue, this paper takes a further step with a much broader range of activations evaluated. Considering the significant increase in activations, a full-scale quantitative comparison is no longer operational. Instead, we seek to understand the properties of these activations, such that the activations that are clearly inferior can be filtered out in advance via simple qualitative evaluation. After careful analysis, we discover three properties universal among diffusion models, enabling this study to go beyond specific models. On top of this, we present effective feature selection solutions for several popular diffusion models. Finally, the experiments across multiple discriminative tasks validate the superiority of our method over the SOTA competitors. Our code is available at https://***/Darkbblue/generic-diffusion-feature.

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Multi Strategy Improvement of Newton-Raphson-Based Optimizer and Engineering Application

Multi Strategy Improvement of Newton-Raphson-Based Optimizer...

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International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data and Business Intelligence (MLBDBI)

作者： Shaogang Cheng Jun Yin Tingting Liu College of Computing Qinghai Normal University Xining China The State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application Qinghai Normal University Xining China

ISBN: (数字)9798331541798

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505615

A multi strategy improved Newton- Raphson-Based Optimizer (NRBO) is proposed to address the problem of slow convergence speed in the later stage of algorithm iteration and difficulty in finding the global optimal solution when facing complex functions. Firstly, using a set of best points instead of randomly generated initial populations to evenly distribute individuals in the optimization space improves the efficiency of the algorithms global and local search. Secondly, based on the idea of differential evolution, the initial population is mutated and crossed to accelerate the iteration speed. Then, in the optimal update stage, the Levi flight strategy is introduced to enhance the algorithms ability to jump out of local optima. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was tested on the CEC2005 test set, and compared with other algorithms on two test sets. The results showed that the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm were significantly improved. Finally, the proposed algorithm was applied to two practical engineering optimization problems, and simulation results showed that the algorithm proposed in this paper has better practicality and robustness compared to other algorithms.

关键词： Machine learning algorithms Accuracy Simulation Machine learning Robustness Business intelligence Optimization Faces Convergence Testing

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Enhancing Neural Machine Translation with Semantic Units

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Huang, Langlin Gu, Shuhao Zhang, Zhuocheng Feng, Yang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Conventional neural machine translation (NMT) models typically use subwords and words as the basic units for model input and comprehension. However, complete words and phrases composed of several tokens are often the fundamental units for expressing semantics, referred to as semantic units. To address this issue, we propose a method Semantic Units for Machine Translation (SU4MT) which models the integral meanings of semantic units within a sentence, and then leverages them to provide a new perspective for understanding the sentence. Specifically, we first propose Word Pair Encoding (WPE), a phrase extraction method to help identify the boundaries of semantic units. Next, we design an Attentive Semantic Fusion (ASF) layer to integrate the semantics of multiple subwords into a single vector: the semantic unit representation. Lastly, the semantic-unit-level sentence representation is concatenated to the token-level one, and they are combined as the input of encoder. Experimental results demonstrate that our method effectively models and leverages semantic-unit-level information and outperforms the strong baselines. The code is available at https://***/ictnlp/SU4MT. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Neural machine translation

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Reliability Analysis of Optical Neural Networks with Non-Ideal signal Transmission

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Fu, Pengju Xie, Yiyuan Su, Ye Ye, Yichen Chai, Junxiong Jiang, Xiao Yang, Hongyu College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Intelligent Information Processing Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Networks and Cloud Computing Security of Universities Chongqing China

Machine learning plays a significant role in various fields. As a fundamental part of machine learning, matrix operations are one of the most important computational parts of neural networks. However, the advancement of Moore’s law is hindered by limitations in the number and size of transistors on electronic chips. Therefore, the implementation of optical neural network (ONN) using photonic devices to accomplish matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) has attracted significant attention. Compared with traditional electrical on neural networks, ONN exhibits faster computational speed, higher parallel input capability and greater energy efficiency. Nevertheless, crosstalk and signal loss are inevitable characteristics in optical signal transmission, which can degrade the performance of ONN. In this paper, we present analysis models and simulations to assess the effects of crosstalk and loss on optical computing systems. We have observed that the accuracy of ONN degrades when crosstalk and loss are present. In severe cases, ONN is unable to complete the classification task. To mitigate the interference of crosstalk, we have designed a novel double-layer structure to reduce the number of optical devices required for signal transmission and optimize the impact of crosstalk on ONN performance. For the identical classification task, the ONN based on a double-layer structure exhibits better interference immunity than the generic ONN, with a 10% performance improvement. In particular, performance is improved by 50% when only crosstalk is considered. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crosstalk

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Reliability Analysis of Optical Neural Networks with Non-Ideal signal Transmission

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xie, Yiyuan Fu, Pengju Su, Ye Ye, Yichen Chai, Junxiong Jiang, Xiao Yang, Hongyu College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Intelligent Information Processing Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Networks and Cloud Computing Security of Universities Chongqing China

关键词： Crosstalk

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PianoPal: A Robotic Multimedia System for Interactive Piano Instruction Based on Q-Learning and Real-Time Feedback 31st

PianoPal: A Robotic Multimedia System for Interactive Piano...

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31st International Conference on Multimedia Modeling, MMM 2025

作者： Wang, Yufei Yao, Junfeng Wang, Zefeng Xiamen University Xiamen China Center for Digital Media Computing School of Film Xiamen University Xiamen China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen University Xiamen China School of Informatics Xiamen University Xiamen China Key Laboratory of Digital Protection and Intelligent Processing of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Fujian and Taiwan Ministry of Culture and Tourism Xiamen China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819620630

Traditional piano learning often requires significant equipment and skill, which can be intimidating for novices. This paper introduces PianoPal, a multimedia piano instruction system based on robotic interaction, designed for novices. The system includes three modules: intelligent performance, piano interaction, and real-time feedback. To test PianoPal’s effectiveness, we conducted two experiments. The first evaluated the fingering planning function using Q-Learning, showing it outperformed alternatives across all metrics. The second experiment involved 24 novice users, with pre- and post-experience questionnaires and interviews indicating that PianoPal improved one- and two-handed performances and was effective in the short term. Overall, PianoPal proves effective in aiding novice piano learning and has been successfully integrated into our robotic piano device, laying a solid foundation for future piano tutoring robot developments. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Musical instruments

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Some 3-designs invariant under 2.PΣL(2,49)

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Shi, Minjia Liu, Ruowen Solé, Patrick The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing Signal Processing Ministry of Education School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui University Hefei230601 China State Key Laboratory of integrated Service Networks Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Aix Marseille Univ CNRS I2M Marseilles France

We construct a ternary [49,25,7] code from the row span of a Jacobsthal matrix. It is equivalent to a Generalized Quadratic Residue (GQR) code in the sense of van Lint and MacWilliams (1978). These codes are the abelian generalizations of the quadratic residue (QR) codes which are cyclic. The union of the [50,25,8] extension of the said code and its dual supports a 3-(50,14,1248) design. The automorphism group of the latter design is a double cover of the permutation part of the automorphism group of the [50,25,8] code, which is isomorphic to PΣL(2, 49). Other weights in this code, other GQR codes, and other QR codes yield other 3-designs by the same process. A simple group action argument is provided to explain this behaviour of isodual *** Codes 94 B15, 05 B05 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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ST-Mamba: Spatial-Temporal Mamba for Traffic Flow Estimation Recovery using Limited Data

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yuan, Doncheng Xue, Jianzhe Su, Jinshan Xu, Wenchao Zhou, Haibo School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Vibration Signal Capture and Intelligent Processing Yili Normal University Yining835000 China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

Traffic flow estimation (TFE) is crucial for urban intelligent traffic systems. While traditional on-road detectors are hindered by limited coverage and high costs, cloud computing and data mining of vehicular network data, such as driving speeds and GPS coordinates, present a promising and cost-effective alternative. Furthermore, minimizing data collection can significantly reduce overhead. However, limited data can lead to inaccuracies and instability in TFE. To address this, we introduce the spatial-temporal Mamba (ST-Mamba), a deep learning model combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a Mamba framework. ST-Mamba is designed to enhance TFE accuracy and stability by effectively capturing the spatial-temporal patterns within traffic flow. Our model aims to achieve results comparable to those from extensive data sets while only utilizing minimal data. Simulations using real-world datasets have validated our model’s ability to deliver precise and stable TFE across an urban landscape based on limited data, establishing a cost-efficient solution for TFE. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Data mining

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A Unified Framework Integrating Knowledge and Data for Collaborative Root Cause Identification

A Unified Framework Integrating Knowledge and Data for Colla...

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Sensing, Measurement & Data Analytics in the era of Artificial Intelligence (ICSMD), International Conference on

作者： Jiefei Yu Zicheng Cao Siyi He Zuyi Gu Yingcheng Xu Kai Zhong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Anhui China Data Science and Big Data Technology School of Big Data and Statistics Anhui University Anhui China

ISBN: (数字)9798331529192

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529208

Capturing the root cause and propagation path of the fault is critical to ensuring the safety and efficiency of industrial processes, especially those that inadequately utilize process knowledge and data. To address this issue, a unified framework integrating knowledge and data for collaborative root cause identification is proposed. First, the knowledge causal graph (KCG) is constructed using expert knowledge and industrial flow charts, providing a preliminary reference for subsequent causality analysis. Next, by replacing the traditional vector autoregression (VAR) model in Granger Causality (GC) with the gated recurrent unit (GRU), a more reliable causal relationship between variables is obtained. Additionally, a causality fusion propagation path identification method (CF-PPI) is designed to identify the root cause and propagation path of the fault, so that the obtained fault propagation path has less redundancy and higher accuracy. Finally, the method is validated using data from the ASHRAE RP-1043 centrifugal chiller.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Knowledge engineering Reactive power Analytical models Delay effects Redundancy Collaboration Cause effect analysis Vectors Safety

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