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Air Pollution Monitoring By Integrating Local and Global Information in Self-Adaptive Multiscale Transform Domain

IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 3716-3728页

作者： Gu, Ke Liu, Yuchen Liu, Hongyan Liu, Bo Qiao, Junfei Lin, Weisi Zhang, Wenjun Beijing University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Perception and Autonomous Control of Ministry of Education Beijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protection Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System Beijing Artificial Intelligence Institute Beijing100124 China Massey University School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences New Zealand Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Image Communication and Information Processing Shanghai China

As the deadliest form of pollution, air pollution had a prolonged severe damage to the human health and life safety of nearly 99% of the world's population. Facing to the problem that billions of tons of pollutants discharged into the air per year by industrial activities, this paper proposed a novel image-based air pollution monitor (IAPM) by incorporating local and global information in the self-adaptive multiscale transform domain, so as to achieve the timely and effective leakage detection of typical air pollutants from a single image. To be specific, this paper first developed a screen-shaped module according to two significant findings in visual neuroscience, which include the high sensitivity of human eyes to horizontal and vertical stimuli and the center-surround inhibition, by designing and fusing the square module, horizontal strip module and vertical strip module parallelly for simulating the behaviour of human eyes to extract local features. Second, the learnable weights and proportional mapping were applied to incorporate the screen-shaped module and lightweight vision transformer as backbone, towards more richly exploiting and fusing local and global information just as the way a brain perceives external stimuli. Third, a new self-adaptive multiscale transform domain method was devised based on two motivations from the visual characteristics of multiscale perception and the brain characteristics of self-adaptive domain transform to modify the backbone by using the operations of pooling and pointwise convolution. Extensive experiments implemented on the datasets of carbon particulate matters and ethylene leakage confirmed the superior monitoring performance of the proposed IAPM model beyond the state-of-the-art (SOTA) peers by an accuracy gain of about 4%. Furthermore, the proposed IAPM model only required 0.089 GFLOPs and 0.15 million model parameters, remarkably outperforming SOTA competitors in computational efficiency and storage resources. © 1999-2

关键词： Information leakage

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An Empirical Study on Neural Networks Pruning: Trimming for Reducing Memory or Workload

An Empirical Study on Neural Networks Pruning: Trimming for ...

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Data-driven Optimization of Complex Systems (DOCS), International Conference on

作者： Kaiwen Xiao Xiaodong Cai Ke Xu School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Hefei China

Most of existing studies on neural network pruning only consider memory-based pruning strategies. However pruning for computational workload is often more important in hardware deployments due to a greater focus on model computation reductions. In addition, most pruning schemes restore model accuracy during pruning at the expense of adding hyperparameters, extending training time and training complexity. This work proposes a statistical-based globally soft iterative pruning scheme. With little extra calculation, an extremely sparse model can be obtained without additional hyperparameters and extended training time. Moreover, this work proposes the concept of computational intensity to balance model memory and computational workload during pruning. Focusing on memory orientated pruning, we can achieve $\mathbf{303}\times, \mathbf{100}\times$ and $\mathbf{25}\times$ parameter compression on LeNet-5 (MNIST), VGG (CIFAR-10) and AlexNet (ImageNet) models, respectively. In particular, combined with cluster quantization, the LeNet-5 model parameters can be compressed to $\mathbf{3232}\times$ . Focusing on workload orientated pruning, we can reduce the computation by $\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{6}\times$ on the AlexNet model, without accuracy loss, significantly higher than prior work. In addition, in order to verify the versatility of the pruning method, we also migrate the pruning task to the object detection and implement $\mathbf{10}\times$ parameter compression and $\mathbf{2}.\mathbf{8}\times$ computation compression for YOLOv2 with reduced mAP within 1%.

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Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search for Transformer in Knowledge Tracing

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yang, Shangshang Yu, Xiaoshan Tian, Ye Yan, Xueming Ma, Haiping Zhang, Xingyi Anhui University China Guangdong University of Foreign Studies China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education China

Transformer has achieved excellent performance in the knowledge tracing (KT) task, but they are criticized for the manually selected input features for fusion and the defect of single global context modelling to directly capture students’ forgetting behavior in KT, when the related records are distant from the current record in terms of time. To address the issues, this paper first considers adding convolution operations to the Transformer to enhance its local context modelling ability used for students’ forgetting behavior, then proposes an evolutionary neural architecture search approach to automate the input feature selection and automatically determine where to apply which operation for achieving the balancing of the local/global context modelling. In the search space design, the original global path containing the attention module in Transformer is replaced with the sum of a global path and a local path that could contain different convolutions, and the selection of input features is also considered. To search the best architecture, we employ an effective evolutionary algorithm to explore the search space and also suggest a search space reduction strategy to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm. Experimental results on the two largest and most challenging education datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the architecture found by the proposed approach. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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A Dual-passbands FSS with Wide Angular Stability and High Polarization Stability for 5G and EMC Pulse Shielding

A Dual-passbands FSS with Wide Angular Stability and High Po...

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International Workshop on Antenna Technology: Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, iWAT

作者： Yunshuai Gao Yingsong Li Luyu Zhao Zhixiang Huang Eugene Sinkevich Vladimir Mordachev Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University China EMC R&D Laboratory Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics Minsk Belarus

ISBN: (数字)9798350314755

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314762

An excellent frequency selective surface (FSS) with capacitance loading and multi-layer structure is proposed, primarily for application in the sub-6 and shielding. The proposed FSS has two different operational passbands to cover the frequencies located at 3.68 GHz and 5.85 GHz, respectively, which is also a multi-layered unit consisting of three metal layers and two dielectric layers. The unit size is 0.125λ, and the unit profile is 0.075λ, where λ corresponds to the resonance frequency of the first operating band. By adjusting the structural dimensions and parameters, the operating bands can be well-tuned. Simulation results demonstrate favorable polarization stability and angular stability, making it good for pulse shielding.

关键词： Frequency selective surfaces Simulation Capacitors Loading Resonant frequency Metals Interference

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A Simple Controllable Left-Right-Hand Circularly Polarized Antenna for GPS L2 Using Arc-like Slots

A Simple Controllable Left-Right-Hand Circularly Polarized A...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP)

作者： Lulu Meng Sixian Qian Zhixiang Huang Yingsong Li Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University China

A single-layer, polarization adjustable circular-polarization (CP) antenna with four arc-like slots has been designed for GPS L2 band. The created antenna uses four arc-like slots to tune the phase difference to form a CP antenna, where the arc-like slots with a specific size relationship are etched on the patch. By adjusting the radius of the arc-like slots, Left-handed -circular-polarization (LHCP) and Right-handed-circular-polarization (RHCP) can be realized easily with simple structure. Simulations and optimizations show that the constructed CP-antenna has a good axial-ratio bandwidth of 10 MHz and impedance-bandwidth of 40 MHz and 30 MHz for LHCP and RHCP application.

关键词： Polarization Slot antennas Bandwidth Directive antennas Antenna feeds Optimization Global Positioning System

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Evolutionary Multi-Objective Neural Architecture Search for Generalized Cognitive Diagnosis Models

Evolutionary Multi-Objective Neural Architecture Search for ...

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Data-driven Optimization of Complex Systems (DOCS), International Conference on

作者： Shangshang Yang Cheng Zhen Ye Tian Haiping Ma Yuanchao Liu Panpan Zhang Xingyi Zhang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang China

Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) with high generalization are essential for intelligent education systems to reveal students' knowledge states in multiple datasets. However, existing CDMs' architectures are designed dependent on researcher expertise and experience from observing and summarizing partial students' learning behaviors, which makes handcrafted models not cover all learning behaviors well and thus limits their generalization. To develop generalized CDMs, this paper proposes an evolutionary neural architecture search to design CDMs' architectures effective on multiple datasets automatically. Specifically, we first formulate the search task as a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP), which maximizes model performance on multiple datasets containing learning behaviors as many as possible to ensure model generalization. Then, an expressive search space is devised to contain as many potential architectures as possible, where each architecture is denoted by a unified form, taking three given inputs and integrating them in a linear or no-linear manner for prediction. Finally, an evolutionary algorithm with a tailored deduplication strategy is employed to solve the MOP, where each architecture is further represented by a single-root computation tree for easy optimization. Experiments on multiple datasets demonstrate the generalization and effectiveness of the best architecture searched by the proposed approach, and the searched architecture also holds as good interpretability as handcrafted architectures.

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Adversarial Example Generation Method Based on Probability Histogram Equalization

Adversarial Example Generation Method Based on Probability H...

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第42届中国控制会议

作者： Youqing Fang Jingwen Jia Yuhai Yang Wan-Li Lyu Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and TechnologyAnhui University

CNNs(Convolutional Neural Networks) have a good performance on most classification tasks,but they are vulnerable when meeting adversarial *** and design of highly aggressive adversarial examples can help enhance the security and robustness of *** transferability of adversarial examples is still low in black-box ***,an adversarial example method based on probability histogram equalization,namely HE-MI-FGSM(Histogram Equalization Momentum Iterative Fast Gradient Sign Method) is *** each iteration of the adversarial example generation process,the original input image is randomly histogram equalized,and then the gradient is calculated to generate adversarial perturbations to mitigate overfitting in the adversarial *** effectiveness of the method is verified on the ImageNet *** with the advanced method I-FGSM(Iterative Fast Gradient Sign Method) and MI-FGSM(Momentum I-FGSM),the attack success rate in the adversarial training network increased by 27.9% and 7.7% on average,respectively.

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Linear Frequency Modulated signal Denoising Based on Symplectic Geometric Mode Decomposition and Block Thresholding

Linear Frequency Modulated Signal Denoising Based on Symplec...

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International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)

作者： Jincheng Ni Jin Zhao Xianliang Wu Key Lab of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education AnHui University AnHui University Heifei China

In this paper, a novel and comprehensive signal denoising method is proposed by combining Symplectic Geometric Modal Decomposition (SGMD) and Block Thresholding denoising. The proposed approach involves a three-step process: first, the signal is decomposed into a set of Symplectic Geometric Components (SGCs) using SGMD. Subsequently, each SGC is subjected to Block-Thresholding denoising. Finally, the denoised SGCs are recombined to obtain the denoised linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal. The experimental verification demonstrates the effectiveness of the SGMD-BT method in denoising LFM signals. This novel approach offers a fresh solution for the processing and analysis of LFM signals, holding significant application potential and research importance.

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Improving Transferability Reversible Adversarial Examples Based on Flipping Transformation

Improving Transferability Reversible Adversarial Examples Ba...

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作者： Youqing Fang Jingwen Jia Yuhai Yang Wanli Lyu Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University

Adding subtle perturbations to an image can cause the classification model to misclassify, and such images are called adversarial examples. Adversarial examples threaten the safe use of deep neural networks, but when combined with reversible data hiding(RDH) technology, they can protect images from being correctly identified by unauthorized models and recover the image lossless under authorized models. Based on this, the reversible adversarial example(RAE) is rising. However, existing RAE technology focuses on feasibility, attack success rate and image quality, but ignores transferability and time complexity. In this paper,we optimize the data hiding structure and combine data augmentation technology,which flips the input image in probability to avoid overfitting phenomenon on the dataset. On the premise of maintaining a high success rate of white-box attacks and the image's visual quality, the proposed method improves the transferability of reversible adversarial examples by approximately 16% and reduces the computational cost by approximately 43% compared to the state-of-the-art method. In addition, the appropriate flip probability can be selected for different application scenarios.

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A Dual-Band Compact Four-Element MIMO Antenna for Sub-6G Applications 13

A Dual-Band Compact Four-Element MIMO Antenna for Sub-6G App...

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13th International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology, ICMMT 2021

作者： Pan, Tao Sun, Yufa Anhui University Key Lab Of Intelligent Computing Signal Processing Ministry Of Education Hefei230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665434379

A compact Sub-6GHz multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented in this paper. The recommended MIMO antenna is electrically small (38mm × 38 mm× 1.6 mm). For good isolation and miniaturized size, four antenna elements are deposed orthogonally to each other. Four isolated grounds are devised to diminish the surface wave coupling as well as each ground is etched with orthogonal symmetric stub to decrease the near field coupling. Simulation outcomes conform to the return loss requirement of superior to 10 dB and insertion loss superior to 16 dB over the entire 3.24-3.68 and 4.77-5.04 GHz bandwidths (covering Sub-6GHz band in China). © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Surface waves

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