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IEEE International Conference on Cyborg and Bionic systems (CBS)

作者： Sheng Li Bin Xie Ye Chen Xinyu Wu Guoxin Fang Yan Zhang Fei Gao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen China Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South University Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (数字)9798350388039

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388046

The prosthetic socket is a crucial interface connecting the residual limb to the prosthetic device, significantly affecting force transmission and wearer comfort. This work presents a comprehensive framework for design, simulation, and fabrication of the prosthetic socket. A 3D model of the residual limb, including the skeleton model and skin contour, is reconstructed from CT scan data. Using this model, the prosthetic socket and liner are designed based on biomechanical principles. The interaction force between the residual limb and the prosthetic socket and liner is simulated via finite element analysis (FEA) when the body weight of a below-knee amputee exerts on the prosthetic socket. Finally, the prosthetic socket and residual limb are fabricated using additive manufacturing (AM) technology, and a soft prosthetic liner is made of ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) polymer. Clinical trials on a below-knee amputee were conducted to preliminarily test the prosthetic socket’s performance.

关键词： Limbs Solid modeling Sockets Biological system modeling Force Three-dimensional printing Skin Data models Finite element analysis Prosthetics

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Gvi: Guideable Visual Interpretation on Medical Tomographic Images to Improve the Performance of Deep Network

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Hui Wei, Fan Yan, Lixin Wang, Sushan Jia, Chongfu Zhang, Lina Peng, Jiansheng Xu, Yi School of Control Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System Dalian China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Optimization for Industrial Equipment of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Department of Cardiovascular Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China Department of Artificial Intelligence and Manufacturing Hechi University Hechi China

In medical image analysis, the demand for interpretable deep neural networks is rapidly growing. However, a major challenge is that most existing interpretative methods are applied after training, leading to a lack of integration with the model's learning process. As a result, these methods often fail to highlight regions within complex medical images critical for decision-making, such as abnormal tissues or lesions, which are essential for accurate diagnoses and treatment planning. This paper introduces Guided Visual Interpretation (GVI), a framework designed to enhance both the performance and interpretability of deep networks. Building on a deep network model with image-level labels, GVI incorporates a small amount of pixel-level annotations combined with attention mechanisms. These mechanisms facilitate visual interpretation through forward propagation, directing the model's focus to the most relevant regions. By aligning the network's decision-making with human cognitive processes, GVI improves interpretability. In our study, an attention layer was added after the convolutional layers of a pre-trained classification network. GVI is trained using a hybrid supervision approach that integrates pixel-level annotations with a large amount of image-level data. Experimental results on both private and public datasets show that GVI generates visual explanations consistent with human decision-making principles and achieves superior classification accuracy compared to traditional methods. These findings highlight GVI's potential to improve interpretability and diagnostic performance in critical fields like medical imaging. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Transformer-Based Fusion of RGB and Depth Images for Terrain Recognition

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 250卷 22-29页

作者： Hui Chen Chunjie Chen Zhuo Wang Fangliang Yang Heng Pan Xinyu Wu Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human–Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen 518055 China

This research aims to explore key issues in the field of walking robots and exoskeletons. By using a depth camera to record human walking data in different terrains and employing RGB and depth information for image classification, our approach utilizes both early fusion and late fusion methods to explore their impact on terrain classification. This approach achieved fast and accurate performance in recognizing terrain. We captured data for walking upstairs, downstairs, upward ramps, downward ramps and level ground and used the vision transformer for data fusion. This work compares the performance of unimodal RGB model, unimodal deep model, Pre-Fusion model and Post-Fusion model in terms of accuracy, recall and processing frequency, with accuracies of 0.954, 0.934, 0.976, and 0.976, respectively. The results show that the Post-Fusion model slightly outperforms the Pre-Fusion model in terms of accuracy and recall with more reliable classification performance. To understand the attention mechanism better, we've been visualizing the weights of the model, observing how different attention heads may capture different features of the data from various dimensional perspectives. The visualization helps in interpreting the model's focus and how it distinguishes between features of different nature, such as color texture and spatial depth. These findings can inform the ongoing refinement of terrain classification systems for applications in robotics and autonomous navigation.

关键词： Multimodal fusion terrain recognition vision transformer depth camera

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RLSAC: Reinforcement Learning enhanced Sample Consensus for End-to-End Robust Estimation

RLSAC: Reinforcement Learning enhanced Sample Consensus for ...

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International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Chang Nie Guangming Wang Zhe Liu Luca Cavalli Marc Pollefeys Hesheng Wang Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence AI Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Microsoft Mixed Reality and AI Zürich Lab

Robust estimation is a crucial and still challenging task, which involves estimating model parameters in noisy environments. Although conventional sampling consensus-based algorithms sample several times to achieve robustness, these algorithms cannot use data features and historical information effectively. In this paper, we propose RLSAC, a novel Reinforcement Learning enhanced SAmple Consensus framework for end-to-end robust estimation. RLSAC employs a graph neural network to utilize both data and memory features to guide exploring directions for sampling the next minimum set. The feedback of downstream tasks serves as the reward for unsupervised training. Therefore, RL-SAC can avoid differentiating to learn the features and the feedback of downstream tasks for end-to-end robust estimation. In addition, RLSAC integrates a state transition module that encodes both data and memory features. Our experimental results demonstrate that RLSAC can learn from features to gradually explore a better hypothesis. Through analysis, it is apparent that RLSAC can be easily transferred to other sampling consensus-based robust estimation tasks. To the best of our knowledge, RLSAC is also the first method that uses reinforcement learning to sample consensus for end-to-end robust estimation. We release our codes at https://***/IRMVLab/RLSAC.

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A differential public PUF design for lightweight authentication 16

A differential public PUF design for lightweight authenticat...

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2021 International Conference on Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design, SMACD 2021 and 16th Conference on PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics, PRIME 2021

作者： Duan, Shengyu Sai, Gaole School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9783800755899

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as a promising primitive to provide a hardware keyless security mechanism for integrated circuit applications. Public PUFs (PPUFs) address the crucial PUF vulnerability of requiring databases to store the secrete reference information. This paper investigates one of the PPUF families, differential PPUF (dPPUF), which exploits complexly interacted logic to create time gap between actual execution and simulation, and to prevent simulation attacks. Conventional dPPUFs have high costs. We observe the repressers have large impact on simulation time, but take a great proportion in current dPPUF structure. We thereby present a represser network with specially designed interconnection and shared logic, to maintain a high circuit complexity and to reduce the area cost. We show the proposed dPPUF has similar resilience over simulation attacks as the conventional design. Area cost can be reduced by up to 44%, and thus the proposed design can be used for lightweight authentication. © VDE VERLAG GMBH.

关键词： Authentication

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Joint Association, Beamforming, and Resource Allocation for Multi-IRS Enabled MU-MISO systems With RSMA

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Chunjie Zhang, Xuhui Xing, Huijun Xue, Liang Wang, Shuqiang Shen, Yanyan Yang, Bo Guan, Xinping Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan056038 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Security and Protection Information Sensing and Processing Handan056038 China Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute The School of Science and Engineering The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China Department of Automation The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) and rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) technologies are at the forefront of enhancing spectrum and energy efficiency in the next generation multi-antenna communication systems. This paper explores a RSMA system with multiple IRSs, and proposes two purpose-driven scheduling schemes, i.e., the exhaustive IRS-aided (EIA) and opportunistic IRS-aided (OIA) schemes. The aim is to optimize the system weighted energy efficiency (EE) under the above two schemes, respectively. Specifically, the Dinkelbach, branch and bound, successive convex approximation, and the semidefinite relaxation methods are exploited within the alternating optimization framework to obtain effective solutions to the considered problems. The numerical findings indicate that the EIA scheme exhibits better performance compared to the OIA scheme in diverse scenarios when considering the weighted EE, and the proposed algorithm demonstrates superior performance in comparison to the baseline algorithms. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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Adversarial Learning Network for Recovering Rppg Signals from Low-Resolution Images for Remote Heart Rate Measurement

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhai, Dezhao Chen, Wei Li, Qinwei Yu, Ming Wu, Hang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China Systems Engineering Institute Academy of Military Sciences People's Liberation Army Tianjin300161 China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Signal Processing Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin300300 China School of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin300381 China

Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a non-contact method for measuring heart rate (HR) through facial video, which has significant research value and application potential. However, in long-distance vital sign measurement tasks, the low resolution of facial images and insufficient pixels in the facial region severely degrade the quality of the rPPG signals, leading to a sharp decline in HR accuracy. To address this issue, this paper proposes an adversarial learning network for recovering rPPG signals from low-resolution images (ALRSL-HR). First, arbitrary resolution face images are fed into multi-channel network to extract rPPG signal features capturing rich rPPG information, generating rPPG feature blocks, and temporally aggregating for richer feature representation. These features are then inputted into the backbone network to generate adversarial examples of rPPG signals of varying qualities. Finally, a two-stage adversarial loss function is employed to enable the low-quality rPPG signals to learn the periodic characteristics of high-quality rPPG signals, recover the low-quality signals, and narrow the quality gap between rPPG signals from low-resolution images. Extensive experiments were conducted in this paper to validate the effectiveness of our model on the public COHFACE, UBFC-Phys and UBFC-rPPG datasets. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the proposed ALRSL-HR model can effectively recover degraded rPPG signals from low-resolution images. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photoplethysmography

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UAV-Enabled Data Collection for IoT Networks via Rainbow Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jiao, Yingchao Zhang, Xuhui Liu, Wenchao Wu, Yinyu Ren, Jinke Shen, Yanyan Yang, Bo Guan, Xinping Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong518055 China The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China The SIAT Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong518055 China The Department of Automation The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) assisted Internet of things (IoT) systems have become an important part of future wireless communications. To achieve higher communication rate, the joint design of UAV trajectory and resource allocation is crucial. This letter considers a scenario where a multi-antenna UAV is dispatched to simultaneously collect data from multiple ground IoT nodes (GNs) within a time interval. To improve the sum data collection (SDC) volume, i.e., the total data volume transmitted by the GNs, the UAV trajectory, the UAV receive beamforming, the scheduling of the GNs, and the transmit power of the GNs are jointly optimized. Since the problem is non-convex and the optimization variables are highly coupled, it is hard to solve using traditional optimization methods. To find a near-optimal solution, a double-loop structured optimization-driven deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm and a fully DRL-based algorithm are proposed to solve the problem effectively. Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithms outperform two benchmarks with significant improvement in SDC volumes. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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An Improved Task Planning Method for Unmanned Swarms with Coupled Physical and Logical Constraints

An Improved Task Planning Method for Unmanned Swarms with Co...

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IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems (ICUS)

作者： Xiubin Chen Lei Zhang Fang Xu Weiran Yao School of Astronautics Harbin Institude of Technology Harbin China Wuhan 2nd Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan China Marine Military Intelligence Innovation Institute CSSC Systems Engineering Research Institute Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350384185

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384192

Traditional task allocation methods for unmanned swarm systems ignore the effects of actual paths, resulting in estimation accuracy reduction. This paper formulates task planning problem by incorporating physical and logical constraints, and establishes an integrated framework of task allocation and path planning. Conflict-based search method is used to address path planning with physical constraints. A genetic algorithm is employed to solve multi-traveling salesman allocation problem. A bounded suboptimal optimization, a data dictionary, and an island model are introduced to accelerate the convergence speed of the genetic algorithm. The experiments verify that compared to the decoupled task planning methods, the proposed method improves task execution efficiency and remains adaptability to various complex spatial maps.

关键词： Dictionaries Search methods Estimation Path planning Data models Planning Resource management Optimization Genetic algorithms Convergence

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GPIO Based Iterative Learning control for Manipulators with Time-Varying Disturbances

GPIO Based Iterative Learning Control for Manipulators with ...

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Chinese control Conference (CCC)

作者： Huangyuwei Lu Zuo Wang Jiankun Sun Xi Xiao Shihua Li School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex systems of Engineering Ministry of Education Nanjing China Shenzhen Research Institute Southeast University Shenzhen China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration Nanjing China

To improve the disturbance rejection ability and repetitive tracking accuracy of manipulators, a composite iterative learning control (ILC) scheme via generalized proportional integral observer (GPIO) is proposed. A high-order polynomial is first employed to model the time-varying disturbances that include unmodeled dynamics, parameter uncertainties and load fluctuations. A GPIO is then designed to estimate the disturbances and high-order time derivatives. By introducing estimations into a PD-type ILC at each iteration, a composite control scheme is obtained, such that the undesirable influence of time-varying disturbances can be effectively attenuated in the repetitive tracking process of manipulators. In this paper, the rigorous stability analysis of the closed-loop system is presented to guarantee that the tracking error exponentially converges to zero as the iteration number tends to infinity. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is finally verified by simulation results.

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