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Constructing a Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectral reference library for fine-particle analysis

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 1-13页

作者： Hui Chen Fengkui Duan Kebin He Jingjing Du Zhenli Sun Suhua Wang Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization of Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemcial Pollution Processes and Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000 China

Fine particles associated with haze pollution threaten the health of over 400 million people in China. Owing to excellent non-destructive fingerprint recognition characteristics, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) are often used to analyze the composition of fine particles to determine their physical and chemical properties as well as reaction mechanisms. However, there is no comprehensive Raman spectral library of fine particles. Furthermore, various studies that used SERS for fine-particle composition analysis showed that the uniqueness of the SERS substrates and different excitation wavelengths can produce a different spectrum for the same fine-particle component. To overcome this limitation, we conducted SERS experiments with a portable Raman spectrometer using two common SERS substrates(silver(Ag) foil and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)) and a 785 nm laser. Herein, we introduced three main particle component types(sulfate-nitrate-ammonium(SNA), organic material, and soot) with a total of 39 chemical substances. We scanned the solid Raman, liquid Raman, and SERS spectra of these substances and constructed a fine-particle reference library containing 105 spectra. Spectral results indicated that for soot and SNA, the differences in characteristic peaks mainly originated from the solid-liquid phase transition;Ag foil had little effect on this difference, while the Au NPs caused a significant red shift in the peak positions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Moreover, with various characteristic peak positions in the three types of spectra, we could quickly and correctly distinguish substances. We hope that this spectral library will aid in the future identification of fine particles.

关键词： Raman Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) Spectral library Fine-particle

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Optimization Study on the control Strategy of DC Line Fault Recovery for Yongren-Funing HVDC 6

Optimization Study on the Control Strategy of DC Line Fault ...

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6th IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy system Integration, EI2 2022

作者： Zhu, Yukun Huang, Libin Li, Shuyong Zhu, Yihua Song, Yantao Liu, Ren State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou China Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Guangzhou China XJ Electric Co Ltd Xuchang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347159

The ±500kV Yongren-Funing HVDC transmission project is the first HVDC project whose sending and receiving ends are both located in the same province. When DC line fault happened under the condition of inter-communication fault between the pole control systems of the rectifier and inverter stations, the HVDC system cannot be blocked because of the frequent repeating actions of the DC line fault recovery in the inverter station. In order to solve the problem, an optimal control strategy of direct blocking HVDC system was proposed to solve the above issue. The optimization control strategy was verified by RTDS simulation. The simulation results showed that the proposed optimization control strategy of the DC line fault recovery could solve the above problems effectively. The proposed strategy has already been implemented on site permanently, which has great significance for the HVDC/UHVDC transmission projects in operation currently. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： HVDC power transmission

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Two-level VSC real-time simulation modeling method based on controlled source compensation 2

Two-level VSC real-time simulation modeling method based on ...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, power, and Electrical Technology, ICEPET 2023

作者： Hu, Binjiang Xi, Xinze Zhu, Yihua Xing, Chao Li, Shuyong Ma, Zun Huang, Libin State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute CSG 11 of Kexiang Road Huangpu District Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System 11 of Kexiang Road Huangpu District Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory of Power System Simulation 11 of Kexiang Road Huangpu District Guangzhou510663 China Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power Grid Co. Ltd. Kunming650217 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668270

The accurate modeling of two-level VSC is of great significance for the real-time simulation of new power systems, and the modeling of its core component switch group has attracted more and more attention. Since traditional binary resistance models require time to "backtrack" to accurately locate the switching moment, interpolation is difficult to use for real-time simulation. In this paper, a two-level VSC real-time simulation modeling method based on controlled source compensation is proposed. This method combines the controlled source model with the binary resistance model, uses the binary resistance model to ensure the simulation accuracy when the switching state is constant, and introduces the controlled source model to compensate for the error caused by the delay of the trigger signal when the switching state is switched. According to the two-level VSC real-time simulation model realized by this method, while reducing the non-characteristic subharmonics, the admittance matrix can be pre-stored, which effectively reduces the model computing resource occupation, and is suitable for a variety of complex power electronic system modeling methods. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Electric switches

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IES Load Forecasting Considering Multifaceted Load Coupling Characteristics

IES Load Forecasting Considering Multifaceted Load Coupling ...

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Energy, Electrical and power Engineering (CEEPE), International Conference on

作者： Xinnan Yu Yunjing Liu Rao Fu Yuxuan Zeng Jinxin Wang Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education (Northeast Electric Power University) Jilin China State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co. Ltd. Jilin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350375794

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375800

The Integrated Energy system (IES) multifaceted load forecasting technology is a critical foundation for ensuring the balance and stable operation of the system supply and demand. Due to the complex coupling relationships among various loads, this paper constructs a regional IES multifaceted load forecasting model based on the Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) method and the Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BI-LSTM) neural network to delve into the coupling characteristics between electric, thermal, and cooling loads. Firstly, the Grey Relation Analysis is employed to analyze the correlation of multifaceted loads, determining the prediction priority of multifaceted loads in the integrated energy system. Secondly, based on the exploration of coupling characteristics among multifaceted loads, the k-means clustering algorithm is applied to partition loads with the highest priority into sets with similar fluctuations. Finally, for each load scenario set, a hierarchical prediction strategy is implemented using the BI-LSTM network for scenario set prediction modeling. Case study results indicate that the proposed forecasting model exhibits high prediction accuracy and effectively handles the intense fluctuations in loads, meeting the operational requirements for the system's safety and stability.

关键词： Couplings Fluctuations Supply and demand Load forecasting Predictive models Stability analysis Thermal analysis

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A Study of Nanosecond Clock Synchronization Methods for Real-Time Transient simulation

A Study of Nanosecond Clock Synchronization Methods for Real...

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International Conference on Communications, Information system and Computer Engineering (CISCE)

作者： Qi Guo Yuanhong Lu Jingyue Zhang Jie Zhang Haiping Guo Binjiang Hu State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Guangdong China

ISBN: (数字)9798350353174

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353181

Conventional nanosecond clock synchronization protocols are generally target-type or content-type, the synchronization rate is low, which leads to the increasing of the mean value difference of synchronization, so we propose to study the design of nanosecond clock synchronization method for real-time transient simulation. Combined with the actual clock synchronization requirements, we first calculate the link congestion coefficient, adopt a multilevel approach to strengthen the synchronization rate, set up a multilevel clock synchronization protocol, based on which we determine the clock source quality coefficients and construct a nanosecond clock synchronization model for real-time transient simulation, and use redundancy processing to achieve clock synchronization. The test results show that compared with the high-efficiency phase-color clock synchronization method and the cross-clock synchronization method, the mean synchronization difference of the designed transient simulation nanosecond clock synchronization method is controlled to be less than 0.5, which indicates that the designed clock synchronization method is more efficient, stable, and targeted, and the synchronization effect is significantly improved.

关键词： Protocols Redundancy Real-time systems Stability analysis Synchronization Transient analysis Thermal stability

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Optimised Configuration of Multi-Energy systems Considering the Adjusting Capacity of Communication Base Stations and Risk of Network Congestion

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Dongfeng Wang, Xi Sun, Yong Yang, Jingying Liu, Xiaojun Jiang, Chao Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co. Ltd Changchun130000 China

The high percentage of renewable energy sources presents unprecedented challenges to the flexibility of power systems, and planning for the system's flexibility resources has become a necessary research area. Thus, this study constructs a flexibility quota mechanism and a two-stage model for the optimal configuration of multi-energy system coupling equipment to satisfy the growing demand for flexibility in city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage coupling systems. First, it examines the relationship between supply and demand for system flexibility, leading to the design of a flexibility quota mechanism. Subsequently, the power supply method for communication base stations shifts from direct networking to a hydrogen fuel cell supply. This flexibility quota mechanism encourages communication operators to actively engage in flexibility quota trading. Simultaneously, the safety constraints of heterogeneous energy-[A1] flow subsystems are considered while conducting comprehensive capacity planning for the coupling equipment of a multi-energy system. Finally, an optimisation strategy is proposed under the established capacity planning scheme for determining the siting and capacity of energy storage plants to address the potential transmission blockage risk in the power network. The case analysis utilised the IEEE 14-node grid-7-node gas network-8-node heat network test system, demonstrating that the constructed model enhances the system economy and mitigates transmission blockage risk, while enhancing the flexibility adjustment capability of the city-level multi-energy coupled system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Optimised Configuration of Multi-Energy systems Considering the Adjusting Capacity of Communication Base Stations and Risk of Network Congestion

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Dongfeng Wang, Xi Sun, Yong Yang, Jingying Liu, Xiaojun Jiang, Chao Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control and Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co. Ltd Changchun130000 China

The high percentage of renewable energy sources presents unprecedented challenges to the flexibility of power systems, and planning for flexibility resources has become a necessary research area. Thus, this study constructs a flexibility quota mechanism and a two-stage model for the optimal configuration of multi-energy system coupling equipment to satisfy the growing demand for flexibility in city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage coupling systems. First, it examines the relationship between supply and demand for system flexibility, leading to the design of a flexibility quota mechanism. Subsequently, the power supply method for communication base stations shifts from networking to a hydrogen-fuel-cell supply. This mechanism encourages communication operators to actively engage in flexibility quota trading. Simultaneously, the safety constraints of heterogeneous energy-flow-subsystems are considered while conducting comprehensive capacity planning for the coupling equipment of a multi-energy system. Finally, an optimisation strategy is proposed under the established capacity planning scheme for determining the siting and capacity of energy-storage-plants to address the potential transmission blockage risk in the power network. The case analysis utilised the IEEE 14-node grid-7-node gas network-8-node heat network test system, demonstrating that the constructed model enhances the system economy and mitigates transmission blockage risk, while enhancing the flexibility adjustment capability of multi-energy coupled system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Optimised Configuration of Multi-Energy systems Considering the Adjusting Capacity of Communication Base Stations and Risk of Network Congestion

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

The high percentage of renewable energy sources presents unprecedented challenges to the flexibility of power systems, and planning for the system's flexibility resources has become a necessary research area. Thus, this study constructs a flexibility quota mechanism and a two-stage model for the optimal configuration of multi-energy system coupling equipment to satisfy the growing demand for flexibility in city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage coupling systems. First, it examines the relationship between supply and demand for system flexibility, leading to the design of a flexibility quota mechanism. Subsequently, the power supply method for communication base stations shifts from direct networking to a hydrogen fuel cell supply. This flexibility quota mechanism encourages communication operators to actively engage in flexibility quota trading. Simultaneously, the safety constraints of heterogeneous energy-flow subsystems are considered while conducting comprehensive capacity planning for the coupling equipment of a multi-energy system. Finally, an optimisation strategy is proposed under the established capacity planning scheme for determining the siting and capacity of energy storage plants to address the potential transmission blockage risk in the power network. The case analysis utilised the IEEE 14-node grid-7-node gas network-8-node heat network test system, demonstrating that the constructed model enhances the system economy and mitigates transmission blockage risk, while enhancing the flexibility adjustment capability of the city-level multi-energy coupled system. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Optimal Scheduling for Agricultural Multi-Energy Park with Combined Wind-Solar-Biomass Energy Supply

Optimal Scheduling for Agricultural Multi-Energy Park with C...

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International Conference on power system Technology (powerCON)

作者： Xuan Wang Qianyu Zhao Shouxiang Wang Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Power System Simulation and Control Tianjin University Tianjin China

Agricultural multi-energy park (AMEP) is an essential pathway for upgrading and transforming traditional agriculture, and the utilization of renewable energy can contribute to its sustainable development. In this context, this paper proposes an optimal scheduling method for AMEP with combined wind-solar-biomass energy supply. The biomass energy contained in waste from the user side can be reused and combined with wind and solar energy to achieve a diversified supply of renewable energy. Besides, a biogas heat-electricity cogeneration with adjustable thermoelectric ratio is introduced, enhancing the flexibility of electricity and heating supply for AMEP. In addition, an adder carbon tax mechanism is considered to incentivize energy conservation and emissions reduction of AMEP. simulation results demonstrate that the proposed optimal scheduling model can more effectively utilize renewable energy, leading to significant advantages in enhancing the flexibility, economy, and low carbon of AMEP.

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Practical Research on On-Line Monitoring and control Function Module of Relay Protection in Smart Substation 18

Practical Research on On-Line Monitoring and Control Functio...

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18th International Conference on AC and DC power Transmission, ACDC 2022

作者： Huang, Zhida Wu, Wencong Cai, Haiqing Huang, Libin State Key Laboratory of HVDC Electric Power Research Institute CSG Guangzhou510663 China National Energy Power Grid Technology R&D Centre Guangzhou510663 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Control for New Energy Power System Guangzhou510663 China CSG Key Laboratory for Power System Simulation Guangzhou510663 China

ISBN: (数字)9781839537615

ISBN: (纸本)9781839537615

At present, the power grid is carrying out the practical work of smart substation On-line monitoring and control function module of relay protection. Compared with traditional substations, the new-generation assurance system has been greatly improved in 7 functional modules, including fault archiving, special maintenance information patrol, fixed value checking, configuration checking, substation testing, intelligent alarm, and master station modeling. It can fully adapt to the functional requirements of smart substations and traditional substations. This paper analyzes the monitoring and analysis requirements of the assurance system based on the equipment configuration of the station control layer of the new generation of intelligent substations, and proposes a complete design scheme of seven functional modules from three aspects: functional requirements, implementation logic, and performance design. The practical application results in the power grid simulation laboratory show that the On-line monitoring and control function module of relay protection based on the guarantee system can be compatible with the traditional 103 substations and 61850 substations and achieve the expected goals and performance requirements. It has the value of promotion and application. © ACDC 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Relay protection

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