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Pushing AI to wireless network edge: an overview on integrated sensing, communication, and computation towards 6G

Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 7-25页

作者： Guangxu ZHU Zhonghao LYU Xiang JIAO Peixi LIU Mingzhe CHEN Jie XU Shuguang CUI Ping ZHANG Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii) The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) School of Science and Engineering (SSE) The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Peng Cheng Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Pushing artificial intelligence(AI) from central cloud to network edge has reached board consensus in both industry and academia for materializing the vision of artificial intelligence of things(AIoT) in the sixth-generation(6G) era. This gives rise to an emerging research area known as edge intelligence, which concerns the distillation of human-like intelligence from the vast amount of data scattered at the wireless network edge. Typically, realizing edge intelligence corresponds to the processes of sensing, communication,and computation, which are coupled ingredients for data generation, exchanging, and processing, ***, conventional wireless networks design the three mentioned ingredients separately in a task-agnostic manner, which leads to difficulties in accommodating the stringent demands of ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability, and high capacity in emerging AI applications like auto-driving and metaverse. This thus prompts a new design paradigm of seamlessly integrated sensing, communication, and computation(ISCC) in a taskoriented manner, which comprehensively accounts for the use of the data in downstream AI tasks. In view of its growing interest, this study provides a timely overview of ISCC for edge intelligence by introducing its basic concept, design challenges, and enabling techniques, surveying the state-of-the-art advancements, and shedding light on the road ahead.

关键词： sixth-generation (6G) edge intelligence artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) integrated sensing communication and computation (ISCC)

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VISUALLY MAINTAINED IMAGE DISTURBANCE AGAINST DEEPFAKE FACE SWAPPING

VISUALLY MAINTAINED IMAGE DISTURBANCE AGAINST DEEPFAKE FACE ...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2021

作者： Dong, Junhao Xie, Xiaohua School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438643

As a deep learning-based application, DeepFake can generate malicious images or videos through replacing the face of a source image with the target face, which poses a significant threat to social media. In this paper, we propose a scheme to prevent such tampering by exploring adversarial examples against DeepFake. Specifically, adversarial examples are produced by adding tailored distortion to source images. The added distortion is imperceptible to human vision but can mislead the generation of face-swapped images effectively. We present three novel adversarial attacks against DeepFake autoencoders from perspectives of adversarial transferability and latent representation. Our first method synthesizes universal perturbation, which is image-agnostic. By contrast, the latter two methods directly perform the preciser perturbation specific to a source image. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our adversarial examples against DeepFake in terms of both reference and non-reference image quality assessment. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Deep learning

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Solving Multitrip Pickup and Delivery Problem With Time Windows and Manpower Planning Using Multiobjective Algorithms

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 1134-1153页

作者： Jiahai Wang Yuyan Sun Zizhen Zhang Shangce Gao the Department of Computer Science and also with the Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced ComputingMinistry of Educationand also with the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and ProcessingSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China the Department of Computer Science Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China the Faculty of Engineering University of ToyamaToyama-shi 930-8555Japan

The multitrip pickup and delivery problem with time windows and manpower planning(MTPDPTW-MP)determines a set of ambulance routes and finds staff assignment for a hospital. It involves different stakeholders with diverse interests and objectives. This study firstly introduces a multiobjective MTPDPTW-MP(MO-MTPDPTWMP) with three objectives to better describe the real-world scenario. A multiobjective iterated local search algorithm with adaptive neighborhood selection(MOILS-ANS) is proposed to solve the problem. MOILS-ANS can generate a diverse set of alternative solutions for decision makers to meet their requirements. To better explore the search space, problem-specific neighborhood structures and an adaptive neighborhood selection strategy are carefully designed in MOILS-ANS. Experimental results show that the proposed MOILS-ANS significantly outperforms the other two multiobjective algorithms. Besides, the nature of objective functions and the properties of the problem are analyzed. Finally, the proposed MOILS-ANS is compared with the previous single-objective algorithm and the benefits of multiobjective optimization are discussed.

关键词： Adaptive neighborhood selection manpower planning multiobjective optimization multitrip pickup and delivery problem with time windows

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Grasp as You Say: Language-guided Dexterous Grasp Generation 38

Grasp as You Say: Language-guided Dexterous Grasp Generation

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Wei, Yi-Lin Jiang, Jian-Jian Xing, Chengyi Tan, Xian-Tuo Wu, Xiao-Ming Li, Hao Cutkosky, Mark Zheng, Wei-Shi School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Stanford University United States Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China

This paper explores a novel task "Dexterous Grasp as You Say" (DexGYS), enabling robots to perform dexterous grasping based on human commands expressed in natural language. However, the development of this field is hindered by the lack of datasets with natural human guidance;thus, we propose a language-guided dexterous grasp dataset, named DexGYSNet, offering high-quality dexterous grasp annotations along with flexible and fine-grained human language guidance. Our dataset construction is cost-efficient, with the carefully-design hand-object interaction retargeting strategy, and the LLM-assisted language guidance annotation system. Equipped with this dataset, we introduce the DexGYSGrasp framework for generating dexterous grasps based on human language instructions, with the capability of producing grasps that are intent-aligned, high quality and diversity. To achieve this capability, our framework decomposes the complex learning process into two manageable progressive objectives and introduce two components to realize them. The first component learns the grasp distribution focusing on intention alignment and generation diversity. And the second component refines the grasp quality while maintaining intention consistency. Extensive experiments are conducted on DexGYSNet and real world environments for validation. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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CONFIDENCE-GUIDED ADAPTIVE GATE AND DUAL DIFFERENTIAL ENHANCEMENT FOR VIDEO SALIENT OBJECT DETECTION

CONFIDENCE-GUIDED ADAPTIVE GATE AND DUAL DIFFERENTIAL ENHANC...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2021

作者： Chen, Peijia Lai, Jianhuang Wang, Guangcong Zhou, Huajun School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438643

Video salient object detection (VSOD) aims to locate and segment the most attractive object by exploiting both spatial cues and temporal cues hidden in video sequences. However, spatial and temporal cues are often unreliable in real-world scenarios, such as low-contrast foreground, fast motion, and multiple moving objects. To address these problems, we propose a new framework to adaptively capture available information from spatial and temporal cues, which contains Confidence-guided Adaptive Gate (CAG) modules and Dual Differential Enhancement (DDE) modules. For both RGB features and optical flow features, CAG estimates confidence scores supervised by the IoU between predictions and the ground truths to re-calibrate the information with a gate mechanism. DDE captures the differential feature representation to enrich the spatial and temporal information and generate the fused features. Experimental results on four widely used datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method against thirteen state-of-the-art methods. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Object detection

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FodFoM: Fake Outlier Data by Foundation Models Creates Stronger Visual Out-of-Distribution Detector 24

FodFoM: Fake Outlier Data by Foundation Models Creates Stron...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Chen, Jiankang Deng, Ling Gan, Zhiyong Zheng, Wei-Shi Wang, Ruixuan School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Guangzhou China Peng Cheng Laboratory Guangdong Shenzhen China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Guangdong Guangzhou China China United Network Communications Corporation Limited Guangdong Branch Guangdong Guangzhou China School of Computer Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is crucial when deploying machine learning models in open-world applications. The core challenge in OOD detection is mitigating the model's overconfidence on OOD data. While recent methods using auxiliary outlier datasets or synthesizing outlier features have shown promising OOD detection performance, they are limited due to costly data collection or simplified assumptions. In this paper, we propose a novel OOD detection framework FodFoM that innovatively combines multiple foundation models to generate two types of challenging fake outlier images for classifier training. The first type is based on BLIP-2's image captioning capability, CLIP's vision-language knowledge, and Stable Diffusion's image generation ability. Jointly utilizing these foundation models constructs fake outlier images which are semantically similar to but different from in-distribution (ID) images. For the second type, GroundingDINO's object detection ability is utilized to help construct pure background images by blurring foreground ID objects in ID images. The proposed framework can be flexibly combined with multiple existing OOD detection methods. Extensive empirical evaluations show that image classifiers with the help of constructed fake images can more accurately differentiate real OOD image from ID ones. New state-of-the-art OOD detection performance is achieved on multiple benchmarks. The code is available at https://***/Cverchen/ACMMM2024-FodFoM. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Visual languages

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Expert with Outlier Exposure for Continual Learning of New Diseases

Expert with Outlier Exposure for Continual Learning of New D...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Xu, Zhengjing Chen, Kanghao Zheng, Wei-Shi Tan, Zhijun Yang, Xiaobo Wang, Ruixuan Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing MOE China State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Network Intelligence Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Current intelligent diagnosis systems struggle to continually learn to diagnose more and more diseases due to catastrophic forgetting of old knowledge when learning new knowledge. Although storing small old data for subsequent continual learning can effectively help alleviate the forgetting issue, the heavy data imbalance between old classes and to-be-learned new classes in classifier training often causes biased prediction towards the new classes just learned by the updated classifier. In this study, an outlier detection technique is novelly applied to train an additional expert classifier for new classes to help alleviate the class imbalance issue and discriminate the learned new classes from old classes during inference (instead of the training phase). Specially, the stored small data of old classes are considered as outliers during training the expert classifier, such that the output probability distributions from the expert classifier are expected to be obviously different between test data of the old classes and those of the new classes. Such difference between old classes and new classes can be used to fine-tune the original output from the updated classifier which is responsible for prediction of all learned (old and new) classes. During inference, a novel ensemble strategy is proposed to combine the predictions from the updated classifier, the expert classifier, and the previously learned old classifier. The proposed learning and inference framework can be easily combined with existing continual learning strategies. Empirical evaluations on three medical image datasets and one natural image dataset show that the proposed framework can effectively improve continual learning performance. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Multi-scale Motion Feature Integration for Action Recognition 9

Multi-scale Motion Feature Integration for Action Recognitio...

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9th International Conference on Computer and Communications, ICCC 2023

作者： Lai, Jinming Zheng, Huicheng Dang, Jisheng Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317251

Analyzing video data with intricate temporal structures and extracting comprehensive motion information remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce the multi-scale motion feature integration (MMFI) network, which leverages two key modules for motion analysis: the progressive local context aggregation (PLCA) module and the multi-scale motion excitation (MSME) module. The PLCA module captures frame-level motion details by incrementally processing frame-wise differences near the input frame in the early stages of the network. The MSME module provides motion-attentive channel weights in deeper layers with higher dimensions, incorporating short- and long-range segment-level motion information. These modules synergistically capture motion details across various scales. Our approach is evaluated on the large-scale video dataset Something-Something V1, yielding state-of-the-art performance with minimal computational overhead. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Loc4Plan: Locating Before Planning for Outdoor Vision and Language Navigation 24

Loc4Plan: Locating Before Planning for Outdoor Vision and La...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Tian, Huilin Meng, Jingke Zheng, Wei-Shi Li, Yuan-Ming Yan, Junkai Zhang, Yunong School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Vision and Language Navigation (VLN) is a challenging task that requires agents to understand instructions and navigate to the destination in a visual environment. One of the key challenges in outdoor VLN is keeping track of which part of the instruction was completed. To alleviate this problem, previous works mainly focus on grounding the natural language to the visual input, but neglecting the crucial role of the agent's spatial position information in the grounding process. In this work, we first explore the substantial effect of spatial position locating on the grounding of outdoor VLN, drawing inspiration from human navigation. In real-world navigation scenarios, before planning a path to the destination, humans typically need to figure out their current location. This observation underscores the pivotal role of spatial localization in the navigation process. In this work, we introduce a novel framework, Locating before Planning (Loc4Plan), designed to incorporate spatial perception for action planning in outdoor VLN tasks. The main idea behind Loc4Plan is to perform the spatial localization before planning a decision action based on corresponding guidance, which comprises a block-aware spatial locating (BAL) module and a spatial-aware action planning (SAP) module. Specifically, to help the agent perceive its spatial location in the environment, we propose to learn a position predictor that measures how far the agent is from the next intersection for reflecting its position, which is achieved by the BAL module. After this locating process, we propose the PSA module to associate visual observations After the locating process, we propose the SAP module to incorporate spatial information to ground the corresponding guidance and enhance the precision of action planning. Extensive experiments on the Touchdown and map2seq datasets show that the proposed Loc4Plan outperforms the SOTA methods. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Visual languages

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PixelFade: Privacy-preserving Person Re-identification with Noise-guided Progressive Replacement 24

PixelFade: Privacy-preserving Person Re-identification with ...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Zhang, Delong Peng, Yi-Xing Wu, Xiao-Ming Wu, Ancong Zheng, Wei-Shi School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Online person re-identification services face privacy breaches from potential data leakage and recovery attacks, exposing cloud-stored images to malicious attackers and triggering public concern. The privacy protection of pedestrian images is crucial. Previous privacy-preserving person re-identification methods are unable to resist recovery attacks and compromise accuracy. In this paper, we propose an iterative method (PixelFade) to optimize pedestrian images into noise-like images to resist recovery attacks. We first give an in-depth study of protected images from previous privacy methods, which reveal that the chaos of protected images can disrupt the learning of recovery models. Accordingly, Specifically, we propose Noise-guided Objective Function with the feature constraints of a specific authorization model, optimizing pedestrian images to normal-distributed noise images while preserving their original identity information as per the authorization model. To solve the above non-convex optimization problem, we propose a heuristic optimization algorithm that alternately performs the Constraint Operation and the Partial Replacement Operation. This strategy not only safeguards that original pixels are replaced with noises to protect privacy, but also guides the images towards an improved optimization direction to effectively preserve discriminative features. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our PixelFade outperforms previous methods in resisting recovery attacks and Re-ID performance. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Differential privacy

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