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HARQ-IR Aided Short Packet Communications: BLER Analysis and Throughput Maximization

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arXiv 2023年

作者： He, Fuchao Shi, Zheng Yang, Guanghua Li, Xiaofan Ye, Xinrong Ma, Shaodan the School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering and GBA B&R International Joint Research Center for Smart Logistics Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China the School of Physics and Electronic Information Anhui Normal University Wuhu241002 China the State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau China

This paper introduces hybrid automatic repeat request with incremental redundancy (HARQ-IR) to boost the reliability of short packet communications. The finite blocklength information theory and correlated decoding events tremendously preclude the analysis of average block error rate (BLER). Fortunately, the recursive form of average BLER motivates us to calculate its value through the trapezoidal approximation and Gauss–Laguerre quadrature. Moreover, the asymptotic analysis is performed to derive a simple expression for the average BLER at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Then, we study the maximization of long term average throughput (LTAT) via power allocation meanwhile ensuring the power and the BLER constraints. For tractability, the asymptotic BLER is employed to solve the problem through geometric programming (GP). However, the GP-based solution underestimates the LTAT at low SNR due to a large approximation error in this case. Alternatively, we also develop a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)based framework to learn power allocation policy. In particular, the optimization problem is transformed into a constrained Markov decision process, which is solved by integrating deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) with subgradient method. The numerical results finally demonstrate that the DRL-based method outperforms the GP-based one at low SNR, albeit at the cost of increasing computational burden. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

Mixture of Experts for Network Optimization: A Large Language Model-enabled Approach

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Du, Hongyang Liu, Guangyuan Lin, Yijing Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Kim, Dong In The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of Education Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou510006 China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Optimizing various wireless user tasks poses a significant challenge for networking systems because of the expanding range of user requirements. Despite advancements in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), the need for customized optimization tasks for individual users complicates developing and applying numerous DRL models, leading to substantial computation resource and energy consumption and can lead to inconsistent outcomes. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach utilizing a Mixture of Experts (MoE) framework, augmented with Large Language Models (LLMs), to analyze user objectives and constraints effectively, select specialized DRL experts, and weigh each decision from the participating experts. Specifically, we develop a gate network to oversee the expert models, allowing a collective of experts to tackle a wide array of new tasks. Furthermore, we innovatively substitute the traditional gate network with an LLM, leveraging its advanced reasoning capabilities to manage expert model selection for joint decisions. Our proposed method reduces the need to train new DRL models for each unique optimization problem, decreasing energy consumption and AI model implementation costs. The LLM-enabled MoE approach is validated through a general maze navigation task and a specific network service provider utility maximization task, demonstrating its effectiveness and practical applicability in optimizing complex networking systems. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

Adaptive Estimation for Environmental Monitoring Using an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

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Adaptive Estimation for Environmental Monitoring Using an Au...

IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Ziwen Yang Joana Fonseca Shanying Zhu Cailian Chen Xinping Guan Karl H. Johansson Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai China Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Digital Futures

This paper considers the problem of monitoring and adaptively estimating an environmental field, such as temperature or salinity, using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). The AUV moves in the field and persistently measures environmental scalars and its position in its local coordinate frame. The environmental scalars are approximately linearly distributed over the region of interest, and an adaptive estimator is designed to estimate the gradient. By orthogonal decomposition of the velocity of the AUV, a linear time-varying system is equivalently constructed, and the sufficient conditions on the motion of the AUV are established, under which the global exponential stability of the estimation error system is rigorously proved. Furthermore, an estimate of the exponential convergence rate is given, and a reference trajectory that maximizes the estimate of the convergence rate is obtained for the AUV to track. Numerical examples verify the stability and efficiency of the system.

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Dynamic Pricing based Near-Optimal Resource Allocation for Elastic Edge Offloading

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xia, Yun Xue, Hai Zhang, Di Mumtaz, Shahid Xu, Xiaolong Rodrigues, Joel J.P.C. School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University the Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Health Information System The National Telemedicine Center The National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications Zhengzhou450001 China Department of Engineering Nottingham Trent University NottinghamNG1 4FQ United Kingdom The Department of Electronic Engineering Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si17104 Korea Republic of School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Amazonas State University AM Manaus Brazil

In mobile edge computing (MEC), task offloading can significantly reduce task execution latency and energy consumption of end user (EU). However, edge server (ES) resources are limited, necessitating efficient allocation to ensure the sustainable and healthy development for MEC systems. In this paper, we propose a dynamic pricing mechanism based near-optimal resource allocation for elastic edge offloading. First, we construct a resource pricing model and accordingly develop the utility functions for both EU and ES, the optimal pricing model parameters are derived by optimizing the utility functions. In the meantime, our theoretical analysis reveals that the EU’s utility function reaches a local maximum within the search range, but exhibits barely growth with increased resource allocation beyond this point. To this end, we further propose the Dynamic Inertia and Speed-Constrained particle swarm optimization (DISC-PSO) algorithm, which efficiently identifies the near-optimal resource allocation. Comprehensive simulation results validate the effectiveness of DISC-PSO, demonstrating that it significantly outperforms existing schemes by reducing the average number of iterations to reach a near-optimal solution by 92.11%, increasing the final user utility function value by 0.24%, and decreasing the variance of results by 95.45%. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

Spatial-Temporal Enhancement Based Tourism Demand Forecasting: A Deep Model for a Case in Urban Area

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SSRN

SSRN 2022年

作者： Dong, Yunxuan Zhou, Binggui Yang, Guanghua Hou, Fen Hu, Zheng Ma, Shaodan School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China State Key Laboratory of Network and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

Accurate tourism demand forecasting requires the learning of the spatial-temporal features of tourism demand, which is challenging because the features may constantly change owing to human behavior. In this study, we developed a spatial-temporal feature enhancement model to ensure the integrity of the features of tourism demand. By modeling the tourism system as an undirected graph, we employ the steady-state analysis method of the undirected graph to extract the spatial-temporal features of the tourism system, and the extracted features are employed to construct the enhancement feature vector. However, the spatial-temporal features in the enhancement feature vector are often sparse. We propose a deep model with convolutional filters to ensure the feature learning ability for sparse features;however, there are challenges to using the high-dimensional convolutional filters to learn the features of an one-dimensional time series. Therefore, we convert the feature series into an image series while maintaining the relationship of the spatial-temporal features. The digital footprints of tourists from the urban area of Zhuhai were used to verify the effectiveness of the method. Numerical experiments show that the proposed model can effectively capture the evolution process of the tourism demand system, and the forecasting performance is better than that of state-of-the-art tourism demand forecasting models. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image enhancement

Performance Investigation of Instantaneous Reactive Power Control for 5 Level-Neutral Point Clamped Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverter

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Performance Investigation of Instantaneous Reactive Power Co...

electrical engineering and Automatic Control (ICEEAC), International Conference on

作者： Oumaymah Elamri Alla Eddine Toubal Maamar Charaf Chermite Moulay Rachid Douiri Mostefa Kermadi Saad Mekhilef LAMIGEP multidisciplinary research laboratory École Marocaine des Sciences de l'Ingénieur (EMSI) of Marrakech Marrakech Morocco Department of Electrical Systems Engineering Faculty of Technology University of M'hamed Bougara of Boumerdes Boumerdes Algeria Physics Department Control and Computer Science for Intelligent Systems and Green Energy Faculty of Science and Technology Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco School of Engineering University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Vic Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350349740

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349757

The utilization of solar energy in grid-connected photovoltaic installations has become increasingly significant. This article introduces a photovoltaic system seamlessly integrated with a three-phase network. The system employing a five-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) voltage source inverter is designed for a single-step connection to enhance power quality in the distribution network. The control technique employed for the efficient functioning of the photovoltaic system is based on the notion of instantaneous reactive power. Notably, this strategy is straightforward, operates the system throughout the day, and eliminates the need for Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) usage. The Pulse-Width Modulated (PWM) Current Controller sends switching signals to the NPC multilevel inverter, which does a great job of dynamic performance under steady-state and transient situations. The proportional-integral controller regulates the voltage of the Uninterruptible Power Supply DC bus capacitors. The proposed system undergoes comprehensive simulation validation under various irradiation levels.

关键词： Photovoltaic systems Reactive power Voltage source inverters Switches Solar energy Steady-state Transient analysis

Biofunctionalization-Optimized Mos2-Based Fet Biosensors for the Detection of Tau Protein

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SSRN

SSRN 2024年

作者： Wen, Xiaohong Zhao, Xuefeng Shan, Xinzhi Lu, Hongliang Gao, Xiumin Zhuang, Songlin Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System Ministry of Education Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200050 China State Key Laboratory of ASIC System Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems School of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China

Field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors can accurately quantify changes in weak signals and show excellent performance advantages in the detection of trace biological disease markers. Biological functionalization (biofunctionalization) is an important factor in the fabrication of FET-based biosensors, which directly affects the performance of the biosensor. However, little attention from researchers has been paid to biofunctionalization, which results in uneven performance of biosensors. Herein, MoS2-based FET biosensors are designed and fabricated using four different biofunctionalization methods. The most suitable biofunctionalization method is obtained by comparing the sensing performances of different functionalized MoS2-based FET biosensors. Moreover, the working mechanism of the optimized biofunctionalization method is explored. Besides, the biofunctionalization-optimized MoS2-based FET biosensor exhibits excellent sensing performance, achieving sensitive detection of Tau protein in the concentration range of 10-2~103 pg/mL. This study provides a universal and effective strategy for the biofunctionalization optimization of two-dimensional materials-based FET biosensors. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molybdenum compounds

Biofunctionalization-Optimized MoS2-Based Fet Biosensors for the Detection of Tau Protein

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SSRN

SSRN 2024年

Field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors can accurately quantify changes in weak signals and show excellent performance advantages in the detection of trace biological disease markers. Biological functionalization (biofunctionalization) is an important factor in the fabrication of FET-based biosensors, which directly affects the performance of the biosensor. However, little attention from researchers has been paid to biofunctionalization, which results in uneven performance of biosensors. Herein, MoS2-based FET biosensors are designed and fabricated using four different biofunctionalization methods. The most suitable biofunctionalization method is obtained by comparing the sensing performances of different functionalized MoS2based FET biosensors. Moreover, the working mechanism of the optimized biofunctionalization method is explored. Besides, the biofunctionalization-optimized MoS2-based FET biosensor exhibits excellent sensing performance, achieving sensitive detection of Tau protein in the concentration range of 10-2~103 pg/mL. This study provides a universal and effective strategy for the biofunctionalization optimization of two-dimensional materials-based FET biosensors. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molybdenum compounds

Diff-Reg v2: Diffusion-Based Matching Matrix Estimation for Image Matching and 3D Registration

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wu, Qianliang Jiang, Haobo Ding, Yaqing Luo, Lei Xie, Jin Yang, Jian PCA Lab Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China Nanyang Technological University Singapore Visual Recognition Group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Prague Czech Republic State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Nanjing University Suzhou China

Establishing reliable correspondences is crucial for all registration tasks, including 2D image registration, 3D point cloud registration, and 2D-3D image-to-point cloud registration. However, these tasks are often complicated by challenges such as scale inconsistencies, symmetry, and large deformations, which can lead to ambiguous matches. Previous feature-based and correspondence-based methods typically rely on geometric or semantic features to generate or polish initial potential correspondences. Some methods typically leverage specific geometric priors, such as topological preservation, to devise diverse and innovative strategies tailored to a given enhancement goal, which cannot be exhaustively enumerated. Additionally, many previous approaches rely on a single-step prediction head, which can struggle with local minima in complex matching scenarios. To address these challenges, we introduce an innovative paradigm that leverages a diffusion model in matrix space for robust matching matrix estimation. Our model treats correspondence estimation as a denoising diffusion process in the matching matrix space, gradually refining the intermediate matching matrix to the optimal one. Specifically, we apply the diffusion model in the doubly stochastic matrix space for 3D-3D and 2D-3D registration tasks. In the 2D image registration task, we deploy the diffusion model in a matrix sub-space, where dual-softmax projection regularization is applied. For all three registration tasks, we provide adaptive matching matrix embedding implementations tailored to the specific characteristics of each task while maintaining a consistent"match-to-warp" encoding pattern. Furthermore, we adopt a lightweight design for the denoising module. In inference, once points or image features are extracted and fixed, this module performs multi-step denoising predictions through reverse sampling. Evaluations on both 2D and 3D registration tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Copyrigh

关键词： Stochastic systems