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arXiv 2019年

作者： Guo, Chenfeng Wu, Dongrui The Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Multi-view learning (MVL) is a strategy for fusing data from different sources or subsets. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is very important in MVL, whose main idea is to map data from different views onto a common space with maximum correlation. Traditional CCA can only be used to calculate the linear correlation of two views. Besides, it is unsupervised and the label information is wasted. Many nonlinear, supervised, or generalized extensions have been proposed to overcome these limitations. However, to our knowledge, there is no overview for these approaches. This paper provides an overview of many representative CCA-based MVL approaches. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Correlation methods

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EEG-Based driver drowsiness estimation using feature weighted episodic training

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Cui, Yuqi Xu, Yifan Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Drowsy driving is pervasive, and also a major cause of traffic accidents. Estimating a driver's drowsiness level by monitoring the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and taking preventative actions accordingly may improve driving safety. However, individual differences among different drivers make this task very challenging. A calibration session is usually required to collect some subject-specific data and tune the model parameters before applying it to a new subject, which is very inconvenient and not user-friendly. Many approaches have been proposed to reduce the calibration effort, but few can completely eliminate it. This paper proposes a novel approach, feature weighted episodic training (FWET), to completely eliminate the calibration requirement. It integrates two techniques: feature weighting to learn the importance of different features, and episodic training for domain generalization. Experiments on EEG-based driver drowsiness estimation demonstrated that both feature weighting and episodic training are effective, and their integration can further improve the generalization performance. FWET does not need any labelled or unlabelled calibration data from the new subject, and hence could be very useful in plugand-play brain-computer interfaces. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces Are Vulnerable to Backdoor Attacks

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Meng, Lubin Huang, Jian Zeng, Zhigang Jiang, Xue Yu, Shan Jung, Tzyy-Ping Lin, Chin-Teng Chavarriaga, Ricardo Wu, Dongrui Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China La Jolla CA United States Center for Advanced Neurological Engineering Institute of Engineering in Medicine UCSD La Jolla CA United States Centre of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia ZHAW DataLab Zürich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur8401 Switzerland

Research and development of electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have advanced rapidly, partly due to the wide adoption of sophisticated machine learning approaches for decoding the EEG signals. However, recent studies have shown that machine learning algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, e.g., the attacker can add tiny adversarial perturbations to a test sample to fool the model, or poison the training data to insert a secret backdoor. Previous research has shown that adversarial attacks are also possible for EEG-based BCIs. However, only adversarial perturbations have been considered, and the approaches are theoretically sound but very difficult to implement in practice. This article proposes to use narrow period pulse for poisoning attack of EEG-based BCIs, which is more feasible in practice and has never been considered before. One can create dangerous backdoors in the machine learning model by injecting poisoning samples into the training set. Test samples with the backdoor key will then be classified into the target class specified by the attacker. What most distinguishes our approach from previous ones is that the backdoor key does not need to be synchronized with the EEG trials, making it very easy to implement. The effectiveness and robustness of the backdoor attack approach is demonstrated, highlighting a critical security concern for EEG-based BCIs. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Residential virtual power plant with photovoltaic output forecasting and demand response

Residential virtual power plant with photovoltaic output for...

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作者： Cui, Shichang Wang, Yan-Wu Lin, Xiangning Xiao, Jiang-Wen School of Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid China Three Gorges University Yichang China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Decreasing conventional power supply is promoting the development of the distributed renewable energy sources, such as solar power and wind power. Recently rooftop photovoltaic has been widely applied, and accordingly efficient energy management is getting increasingly important for fully use of renewable energy and the peak shaving of the main grid. This paper investigates the residential energy management as a small-scale virtual power plant (VPP) connected to the main grid includes distributed energy resources, energy storages and residential loads. The self-organizing map (SOM) and the radical basis function (RBF) networks are adopted to classify the weather types and predict hourly photovoltaic output precisely. In a time-of-use electricity market, price-based demand response is applied to adjust the demand. The residential VPP has two goals: maximum profit by selling surplus power to grid and minimum power purchased from grid. The two goals are integrated as an optimization object by introducing a weight parameter. The algorithm combining receding horizon optimization and linear programming is proposed to solve the optimization problem in residential VPP. Numerical simulation tests can help to find the most suitable value of the weight parameter. Different scenarios are simulated and discussed to demonstrate the performance of the VPP and the proposed algorithm. © 2019 Chinese Automatic control Society and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd

关键词： Energy management

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Transfer Learning for EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Review of Progress Made Since 2016

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Xu, Yifan Lu, Bao-Liang The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence Department of Computer Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Brain Science and Technology Research Center Qing Yuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dong Chuan Road Shanghai200240 China

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables a user to communicate with a computer directly using brain signals. The most common non-invasive BCI modality, electroencephalogram (EEG), is sensitive to noise/artifact and suffers between-subject/within-subject non-stationarity. Therefore, it is difficult to build a generic pattern recognition model in an EEG-based BCI system that is optimal for different subjects, during different sessions, for different devices and tasks. Usually, a calibration session is needed to collect some training data for a new subject, which is time-consuming and user unfriendly. Transfer learning (TL), which utilizes data or knowledge from similar or relevant subjects/sessions/devices/tasks to facilitate learning for a new subject/session/device/task, is frequently used to reduce the amount of calibration effort. This paper reviews journal publications on TL approaches in EEG-based BCIs in the last few years, i.e., since 2016. Six paradigms and applications - motor imagery, event-related potentials, steady-state visual evoked potentials, affective BCIs, regression problems, and adversarial attacks - are considered. For each paradigm/application, we group the TL approaches into cross-subject/session, cross-device, and cross-task settings and review them separately. Observations and conclusions are made at the end of the paper, which may point to future research directions. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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A Simple Method for Adjusting Relaxivity of Contrast Agent

A Simple Method for Adjusting Relaxivity of Contrast Agent

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作者： Yapeng Zhang Wenzhong Liu School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can work as contrast agents, whose relaxivities are important properties affecting the enhancement effect of magnetic resonance imaging. In this paper, we adopt a simple method to adjust the relaxivity of the contrast agent. Two kinds of magnetic nanoparticles reagents with different sizes and different relaxivities are selected and mixed in different proportions. It is found that the relaxivities of the mixed samples are between those of the two unmixed original samples. Therefore, we can easily obtain the contrast agent with desired relaxivity by this simple weighted calculation and mixing, and the r/r ratio can also be adjusted.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle MRI contrast agent Relaxation mechanism Relaxivity

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A protocol for structured illumination microscopy with minimal reconstruction artifacts

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生物物理学报 2019年第2期5卷 80-90页

作者： Junchao Fan Xiaoshuai Huang Liuju Li Shan Tan Liangyi Chen Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education of China School of Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular MedicineInstitute of Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100084 China

The imaging rate of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) reached 188 Hz *** the exposure time decreases,the camera detects fewer virtual photons,while the noise level remains the *** a result,the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreases ***,the SNR decreases further because of photobleaching and *** decreased quality of SIM raw data may lead to surprising artifacts with various causes,which may confuse a new user of SIM *** summarize three significant possible sources of severe artifacts in reconstructed super-resolution (SR) *** motion of a biological sample or an uneven illumination pattern is the most difficult to be *** estimated parameter could also be incorrect,leading to artifact of regular ***,reconstruction with the Wiener method generates stochastic artifacts due to the amplification of noise during the deconvolution *** deal with these problems,we have established a protocol to reconstruct ultrafast SIM raw data obtained in low SNR ***,we checked the quality of the raw data with the imageJ plugin SIMcheck before ***,a modified parameter estimation method was used to improve the precision of the ***,an iterative algorithm was used for SIM reconstruction under low signal-to-noise ratio *** procedure effectively suppressed the artifacts in the super-resolution images reconstructed from raw data of low signal-to-noise ratio.

关键词： Ultrafast SIM Low signal-to-noise ratio Reconstruction

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Modeling and simulation of temperature distribution for planar cross-flow solid oxide fuel cell

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 1585-1590页

作者： Yuan-wu Xu Xiao-long Wu Hang You Tao Xue Dong-qi Zhao Jian-hua Jiang Zhong-hua Deng Xiao-wei Fu Li Xi School of Automation Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science & Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057 China

Solid oxide fuel cell is a device that can convert chemical energy directly into electricity. Its advantages, such as high efficiency, low emission, quiet operation, fuel flexibility, bring about the broad application prospect. However, it is difficult to obtain the temperature distribution in the existing planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell through the experiment. In this paper, a control orient two-dimensional differential equation model is established for a planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell based on the finite node method, and an iterative algorithm for calculating the real time voltage of the fuel cell is proposed for the model. Based on the model, the temperature distribution of the fuel cell in the test and system configuration is simulated. The simulation results show that the model can reflect the thermoelectric characteristics of the planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell, especially the temperature distribution of the fuel cell. The SOFC temperature distribution modeling in this paper is helpful for the development of temperature distribution observers and design related control methods in later studies.

关键词： modeling simulation temperature distribution planar cross flow solid oxide fuel cell

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Standby and Shutdown Cycles Modeling of SOFC Lifetime Prediction

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 1573-1578页

作者： Wu Xiao-long Xu Yuanwu Xue Tao Zhao Dongqi Jiang Jianhua Deng Zhonghua Fu Xiaowei Li Xi School of Automation Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China

In order to more accurately predict the impact of solid oxide fuel cells to stack life on standby and shutdown, this paper proposes a modeling method based on experimental data. Which is based on Elman neural network(NN). At the same time, a main factor is considered in the modeling process which is the effect of cooling rate on the stack. In the process of modeling, the most obvious cooling rate is used to modeling. There are two different influencing factors on classify, the training set and the verification set respectively. After the reliability of the model, the Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC) stack life prediction is carried out. From the predict results and the experimental results, it is found that the prediction results are good and the high precision.

关键词： Solid Oxide Fuel Cell(SOFC) Stack useful lifetime predict Cooling speed Gas composition Cycle standby shutdown

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Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Physiological Computing: A Systematic Review

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Xu, Jiaxin Fang, Weili Zhang, Yi Yang, Liuqing Xu, Xiaodong Luo, Hanbin Yu, Xiang The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The College of Public Administration Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States The School of Management and Sino European Institute for Intellectual Property Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Physiological computing uses human physiological data as system inputs in real time. It includes, or significantly overlaps with, brain-computer interfaces, affective computing, adaptive automation, health informatics, and physiological signal based biometrics. Physiological computing increases the communication bandwidth from the user to the computer, but is also subject to various types of adversarial attacks, in which the attacker deliberately manipulates the training and/or test examples to hijack the machine learning algorithm output, leading to possible user confusion, frustration, injury, or even death. However, the vulnerability of physiological computing systems has not been paid enough attention to, and there does not exist a comprehensive review on adversarial attacks to them. This paper fills this gap, by providing a systematic review on the main research areas of physiological computing, different types of adversarial attacks and their applications to physiological computing, and the corresponding defense strategies. We hope this review will attract more research interests on the vulnerability of physiological computing systems, and more importantly, defense strategies to make them more secure. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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